Imipramine with electrical treatment in depression—A controlled trial

1962 ◽  
Vol 108 (456) ◽  
pp. 704-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Seager ◽  
R. L. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Satisfactory Response ◽  
Experimental Support ◽  
Electrical Treatment ◽  
The One ◽  
Depressant Drug

Since the introduction of anti-depressant drugs into general use in the psychiatric field, there have been several statements to the effect that such a drug administered concurrently with electrical treatment reduces the number of shocks required to achieve a satisfactory response. This has been claimed by Sargant (1961) but without experimental support. Dunlop (1960) has published a comparison between the number of electrical treatments given with the anti-depressant drug during a particular attack, and the number of treatments without the aid of a drug in an earlier attack in the same patient: however, comparison of treatments in the same group of patients at different times is unreliable because there may be other factors to account for the differences noted. A controlled trial is necessary to ensure that all factors are constant other than the one under consideration.

Some Analog Filters of Reduced Complexity with Shelving and Multifunctional Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1850150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Active Element ◽  
Current Conveyor ◽  
Analog Filters ◽  
First Order ◽  
Voltage Mode ◽  
Experimental Support ◽  
Reduced Complexity ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The One

This paper presents first-order voltage-mode filters using a single current conveyor with an additional X-stage, and passive elements. The new circuits have multifunction capability, and also realize low-shelf, high-shelf and band-shelf functions. The study is carried out on the effects of non-idealities, parasitic elements, and loading on the performance of proposed circuits. Active and passive sensitivities are also analyzed. The active element, extra-X current conveyor used for designing new circuits is simpler than most of the one active element and two passive elements’ based circuits. Detailed comparisons are carried out with relevant available works, and the new circuits are found to be more compact and exhibit higher frequency performances. The simulation results using 0.25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS parameters with [Formula: see text]1.25[Formula: see text]V power-supply are shown to verify the proposed circuits. The proposed circuits are also verified through simulations. Experimental support is given using AD-844 ICs to strengthen the validity of the proposed circuits.

A Controlled Trial with Trimipramine, a New Anti-Depressant Drug

1965 ◽  
Vol 111 (480) ◽  
pp. 1105-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Salzmann
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Depressant Drug

This paper describes a double blind controlled trial of the compound trimipramine ('Surmontil’), which does not appear hitherto to have been reported upon by the English-speaking investigators, though there have been many clinical studies reported by French, and some by Italian authors.

A Controlled Trial of Adenine Arabinoside and Trifluorothymidine in Herpetic Keratitis

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Travers ◽  
A Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Herpetic Keratitis ◽  
Satisfactory Response ◽  
Adenine Arabinoside

The effectiveness of two anti-viral agents, adenine arabinoside and trifluorothymidine, were studied in cases of human superficial herpetic keratitis (dendritic ulceration). A highly satisfactory response to each drug was demonstrated in most cases.

scholarly journals Choosing the Target Difference (“effect size”) for a Randomised Controlled Trial - DELTA2 Guidance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Cook ◽  
Steven A. Julious ◽  
William Sones ◽  
Lisa V. Hampson ◽  
Catherine Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Target Difference ◽  
Superiority Trial ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The aim of this document is to provide practical guidance on the choice of target difference used in the sample size calculation of a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Guidance is provided with a definitive trial, one that seeks to provide a useful answer, in mind and not those of a more exploratory nature. The term “target difference” is taken throughout to refer to the difference that is used in the sample size calculation (the one that the study formally “targets”). Please see the glossary for definitions and clarification with regards other relevant concepts. In order to address the specification of the target difference, it is appropriate, and to some degree necessary, to touch on related statistical aspects of conducting a sample size calculation. Generally the discussion of other aspects and more technical details is kept to a minimum, with more technical aspects covered in the appendices and referencing of relevant sources provided for further reading.The main body of this guidance assumes a standard RCT design is used; formally, this can be described as a two-arm parallel-group superiority trial. Most RCTs test for superiority of the interventions, that is, whether or not one of the interventions is superior to the other (See Box 1 for a formal definition of superiority, and of the two most common alternative approaches). Some common alternative trial designs are considered in Appendix 3. Additionally, it is assumed in the main body of the text that the conventional (Neyman-Pearson) approach to the sample size calculation of an RCT is being used. Other approaches (Bayesian, precision and value of information) are briefly considered in Appendix 2 with reference to the specification of the target difference.

scholarly journals One Drop App With an Activity Tracker for Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Y Osborn ◽  
Ashley Hirsch ◽  
Lindsay E Sears ◽  
Mark Heyman ◽  
Jennifer Raymond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hemoglobin A ◽  
The One

BACKGROUND In 2017, mobile app support for managing diabetes was available to 64% of the global population of adults with diabetes. One Drop’s digital therapeutics solution includes an evidence-based mobile app with global reach, a Bluetooth-connected glucometer, and in-app coaching from Certified Diabetes Educators. Among people with type 1 diabetes and an estimated hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level≥7.5%, using One Drop for 3 months has been associated with an improved estimated hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level of 22.2 mg/dL (–0.80%). However, the added value of integrated activity trackers is unknown. OBJECTIVE We conducted a pragmatic, remotely administered randomized controlled trial to evaluate One Drop with a new-to-market activity tracker against One Drop only on the 3-month hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level of adults with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Social media advertisements and online newsletters were used to recruit adults (≥18 years old) diagnosed (≥1 year) with T1D, naïve to One Drop’s full solution and the activity tracker, with a laboratory hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level≥7%. Participants (N=99) were randomized to receive One Drop and the activity tracker or One Drop only at the start of the study. The One Drop only group received the activity tracker at the end of the study. Multiple imputation, performed separately by group, was used to correct for missing data. Analysis of covariance models, controlling for baseline hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>, were used to evaluate 3-month hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> differences in intent-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses. RESULTS The enrolled sample (N=95) had a mean age of 41 (SD 11) years, was 73% female, 88% White, diagnosed for a mean of 20 (SD 11) years, and had a mean hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level of 8.4% (SD 1.2%); 11% of the participants did not complete follow up. Analysis of covariance assumptions were met for the ITT and PP models. In ITT analysis, participants in the One Drop and activity tracker condition had a significantly lower 3-month hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level (mean 7.9%, SD 0.60%, 95% CI 7.8-8.2) than that of the participants in the One Drop only condition (mean 8.4%, SD 0.62%, 95% CI 8.2-8.5). In PP analysis, participants in the One Drop and activity tracker condition also had a significantly lower 3-month hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level (mean 7.9%, SD 0.59%, 95% CI 7.7-8.1) than that of participants in the One Drop only condition (mean 8.2%, SD 0.58%, 95% CI 8.0-8.4). CONCLUSIONS Participants exposed to One Drop and the activity tracker for the 3-month study period had a significantly lower 3-month hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> level compared to that of participants exposed to One Drop only during the same timeframe. One Drop and a tracker may work better together than alone in helping people with type 1 diabetes. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03459573; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03459573.

scholarly journals Demand for Information on Environmental Health Risk, Mode of Delivery, and Behavioral Change: Evidence from Sonargaon, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tarozzi ◽  
Ricardo Maertens ◽  
Kazi Matin Ahmed ◽  
Alexander van Geen
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Environmental Health Risk ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
The One ◽  
Visual Reminders ◽  
Private Wells

Abstract Millions of villagers in Bangladesh are exposed to arsenic by drinking contaminated water from private wells. Testing for arsenic can encourage switching from unsafe wells to safer sources. This study describes results from a cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in 112 villages in Bangladesh to evaluate the effectiveness of different test selling schemes at inducing switching from unsafe wells. At a price of about US0.60, only one in four households purchased a test. Sales were not increased by informal inter-household agreements to share water from wells found to be safe, or by visual reminders of well status in the form of metal placards mounted on the well pump. However, switching away from unsafe wells almost doubled in response to agreements or placards relative to the one in three proportion of households that switched away from an unsafe well with simple individual sales.

Chronic low back pain: Physical training, graded activity with problem solving training, or both? The one-year post-treatment results of a randomized controlled trial

Pain ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob J.E.M. Smeets ◽  
Johan W.S. Vlaeyen ◽  
Alita Hidding ◽  
Arnold D.M. Kester ◽  
Geert J.M.G. van der Heijden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Graded Activity ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The effects of educating mothers and girls on the girls’ attitudes toward puberty health: a randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atousa Afsari ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Sousan Valizadeh ◽  
Massomeh Abbasnezhadeh ◽  
Mina Galeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Score Improvement ◽  
Mother’S Education ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The One ◽  
Mother's Education

Abstract Introduction: The attitude of a girl toward her menstruation and puberty has a considerable impact on her role during motherhood, social adjustment, and future marital life. This study was conducted in 2014 with the aim of comparing the effects of educating mothers and girls on the attitudes of adolescent girls of Tabriz City, Iran, towards puberty health. Methods: This randomized control clinical trial was conducted on 364 adolescent girls who experienced menstruation. Twelve schools were selected randomly among 107 secondary schools for girls. One-third of the students of each school were selected randomly using a table of random numbers and socio-demographic and each participant was asked to answer the attitude questionnaires. The schools were randomly allocated to the groups of mother’s education, girl’s education, and no-intervention. The attitude questionnaire was filled out by the participants again 2 months after intervention. The general linear model, in which the baseline values were controlled, was employed to compare the scores of the three groups after the intervention. Results: No significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of the attitude score before intervention (p>0.05). Attitude score improvement after intervention in the girl’s education group was significantly higher than the one of both mother’s education (adjusted mean difference [AMD]: 1.8; [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4–1.3]) and no-intervention groups (AMD: 1.3; [95% CI: 0.0–2.6]) by controlling the attitude score before intervention. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is more effective to educate girls directly about puberty health to improve adolescent girls’ attitudes than educating mothers and asking them to transfer information to the girls. Nevertheless, studies with longer training period and follow-up are proposed to determine the effects of educating girls (through their mothers) on their attitudes about puberty health.

scholarly journals Acupuncture for Frequent Migraine: A Randomized, Patient/Assessor Blinded, Controlled Trial with One-Year Follow-Up

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyi Wang ◽  
Charlie Changli Xue ◽  
Robert Helme ◽  
Cliff Da Costa ◽  
Zhen Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Manual Acupuncture ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture as a prophylaxis for frequent migraine.Methods. Fifty frequent migraineurs were randomly allocated to receive 16 sessions of either real acupuncture (RA = 26) or sham acupuncture (SA = 24) during 20 weeks. The primary outcomes were days with migraine over four weeks, duration, and intensity of migraine and the number of responders with more than 50% reduction of migraine days. The secondary outcomes were the relief medication, quality of migraine, quality of life, and pressure pain thresholds.Results. The two groups were comparable at baseline. At the end of the treatment, when compared with the SA group, the RA group reported significant less migraine days (RA: 5.2 ± 5.0; SA: 10.1 ± 7.1;P=0.008), less severe migraine (RA: 2.18 ± 1.05; SA: 2.93 ± 0.61;P=0.004), more responders (RA: 19 versus SA: 7), and increased pressure pain thresholds. No other group difference was found. Group differences were maintained at the end of the three-month follow-up, but not at the one-year follow-up. No severe adverse event was reported. Blinding was successful.Discussion. Manual acupuncture was an effective and safe treatment for short-term relief of frequent migraine in adults. Larger trials are warranted.

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