Structural Stage Spacing: A Win-Win-Win Technique for EUR, Costs and HSE

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Stephenson ◽  
Randall Fannin ◽  
Chris Dick ◽  
Marty Williams ◽  
Deniz Cakici
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stage

Analytic estimates of computer design at the structural stage

Cybernetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 829-840
Author(s):  
A. F. Kurgaev
Keyword(s):  
Computer Design ◽  
Structural Stage

Structural stage in Pacific Northwest forests estimated using simple mixing models of multispectral images

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Sabol ◽  
Alan R. Gillespie ◽  
John B. Adams ◽  
Milton O. Smith ◽  
Compton J. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Mixing Models ◽  
Multispectral Images ◽  
Structural Stage

Vendian rocks of the western part of the East European Platform: stratotypic range, boundaries and principles of their establishment

1986 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Makhnach ◽  
N. V. Veretennikov ◽  
V. I. Shkuratov
Keyword(s):  
East European Platform ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
East European ◽  
Structural Stage

AbstractThe Vendian in a stratotype area in the western part of the East European Platform includes three regional stratigraphic subdivisions: the Vilchanian, Volynian and Valdaian series, which clearly differ in structure and lithology. They are closely interconnected stratigraphically and geochronologically, and form an indivisible Late Baikalian structural stage of the platform sedimentary cover. The upper subdivision, the Valdaian Series, is palaeontologically substantiated and divided into horizons. The Vendian in such a composition has definite boundaries: the upper biostratigraphic, and lower lithostratigraphic ones, and is well correlated with the formations of the same age from other regions.

Disturbance history modulates how litter and herbaceous cover influence conifer regeneration after fire

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Nathan S. Gill ◽  
Daniel Jarvis ◽  
John Rogan ◽  
Dominik Kulakowski
Keyword(s):  
Ground Cover ◽  
Disturbance History ◽  
Insect Outbreak ◽  
Blow Down ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Structural Stage ◽  
Conifer Regeneration ◽  
Stand Attributes ◽  
Fire Ground

Climate-driven increases in disturbance frequency and extent augment the potential for compounded disturbances. Drawing on well-studied forests that experienced successive disturbances, we asked: (1) how does post-fire cover of litter, herbaceous cover and bare ground vary between stands affected by combinations of blow-down, insect outbreak, and fire? (2) How do post-fire relationships between ground cover and conifer regeneration vary with recent disturbance history? We measured ground cover and conifer regeneration from 2003 to 2014 following stand-replacing fires in 2002. Burned stands were either blown down in 1997, affected by a 1940s Dendroctonus rufipennis (spruce beetle; SB) outbreak, or neither. Implementing mixed-effects models, we measured the relationships between pre-fire stand attributes (structural stage, canopy dominance and combination of disturbances) and post-fire ground cover and between post-fire ground cover and conifer regeneration. Fire-only stands had more litter and herbaceous cover post fire than other stands (P<0.05). Fir regeneration increased with litter in stands that only burned, but decreased with litter in stands that were first blown down. Similarly, pine and fir regeneration increased with herbaceous cover after fire-only, but did the opposite in stands affected by the SB outbreak. Pre-fire legacies can modulate the effects of ground cover on plant regeneration.

ALGORITHMS OF STRUCTURAL AND PARAMETRICAL TUNING OF ADAPTIVE OBSERVERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mukhanov
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear System ◽  
Nonlinear Systems ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Adaptive Algorithms ◽  
Parametric Identification ◽  
Adaptive Observers ◽  
Structural Stage ◽  
Two Stages

This paper deals with the identification of nonlinear systems of adaptive observers (AO). The process of building an AH consists of two stages – structural and parametric. At the structural stage, the class of nonlinearity and its structural parameters are estimated. In the process of parametric identification, the adjustment of the obtained parameters of the nonlinear system takes place. Considered two cases of application of structural information. The main focus is on the case of insufficient structural information. Adaptive algorithms for setting the parameters of AO are proposed. A procedure for estimating uncertainty is proposed.

Sources of Disagreement in Object Naming

1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Vitkovitch ◽  
Lisa Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Matched Control ◽  
Naming Latency ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Name Agreement ◽  
Object Decision ◽  
Structural Stage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Naming Latencies ◽  
Very High

Two experiments examined the processing of objects with low name agreement. Experiment I compared naming latencies for objects with three different types of name disagreement to those for matched control objects with very high name agreement. Objects with low name agreement due to abbreviations (e.g. phone) were named no more slowly than were control objects. Objects with multiple names (e.g. couch, sofa, settee) and objects often given incorrect names (e.g. spider for ant) took longer to name correctly than did matched controls. These results were confirmed in a second naming experiment using a revised set of high-name-agreement control stimuli. In Experiment 2, subjects carried out an object decision task using the revised stimulus set. Subjects could recognize objects with multiple names as quickly as those with high name agreement. Objects often given incorrect names were recognized by subjects more slowly than were high-agreement matched stimuli. The pattern of data suggests that the delay in naming latency due to the availability of more than one correct name arises after structural recognition. In contrast, the slowed naming of objects often misnamed would seem to originate from difficulties encountered at or before the structural stage of recognition.

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is characterized by apex-to-base heterogeneity of right ventricular myocardial contractility and stiffness: an imaging-based patient-specific modeling study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Van Osta ◽  
A Lyon ◽  
F Kirkels ◽  
T Koopsen ◽  
T.A.M Van Loon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Longitudinal Deformation ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Structural Stage ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract Introduction Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (AC) is an inherited cardiac disease, clinically characterized by life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and progressive cardiac dysfunction. Geno-positive subjects with and without symptoms may suffer from sudden cardiac death. Therefore, early disease expression and risk stratification is important. It has been shown that right ventricular (RV) longitudinal deformation abnormalities in early stages is related to disease progression. We propose an inverse patient-specific computer modelling approach, combined with clinical imaging data, to non-invasively quantify regional ventricular tissue abnormalities in AC mutation carriers. Purpose To non-invasively reveal the individual myocardial substrate underlying the regional RV deformation abnormalities in AC mutation carriers. Methods In 74 individuals carrying a plakophilin-2 or desmoglein-2 mutation, regional longitudinal deformation patterns of the RV free wall (RVfw), interventricular septum (IVS) and left ventricular free wall (LVfw) were obtained using speckle-tracking echocardiography (Figure: left column). This cohort was subdivided into 3 consecutive clinical stages i.e. subclinical (concealed, n=19) with no abnormalities, electrical stage (n=13) with only electrocardiographic abnormalities, and structural stage (n=42) with both electrical and structural abnormalities defined by the 2010 Task Force AC criteria. We developed and used a patient-specific parameter estimation protocol based on the multi-scale CircAdapt cardiovascular system model to create virtual AC subjects (Figure: middle column). Using the individuals' RV strain patterns as model input, this protocol automatically estimated regional RV tissue properties, such as myocardial contractility and stiffness. Results The computational model was able to reproduce the deformation as clinically measured. Patient-specific parameter estimation results (Figure: right column) revealed that clinical AC disease progression is characterized by an increase of base-to-apex heterogeneity in contractility and stiffness of the RV myocardial tissue, with a decreased contractility and an increased stiffness in the basal segment compared to the apex. Although this heterogeneity was most severe in the structural stage group, it was already present in many of the subjects in the subclinical stage. No clear apex-to-base heterogeneity of mechanical activation delay was found in this cohort. Conclusion Our patient-specific modelling approach showed that early abnormalities in RV longitudinal strain are most likely caused by increased heterogeneity in local tissue properties. Strain abnormalities are predominantly caused by decreased basal tissue contractility and increased basal tissue stiffness. Abnormalities in tissue properties may be found already in the subclinical stage. Future studies will investigate how these abnormalities relate to disease progression and arrhythmogenic risk. Characterization of AC Disease Substrate Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This work was funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research and the Dutch Heart Foundation.

scholarly journals 1041 Early detection of biventricular mechanical dysfunction in PLN R14del mutation carriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Taha ◽  
W P Te Rijdt ◽  
H A C M De Bruin-Bon ◽  
M J M Cramer ◽  
F W Asselbergs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Mechanical Dispersion ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Structural Stage ◽  
Structural Disease ◽  
Rv Function

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements PLN Genetic Heart Disease Foundation Background Carriers of the phospholamban (PLN) R14del founder mutation may develop an arrhythmogenic and/or dilated cardiomyopathy. Overt disease is preceded by a pre-symptomatic phase of variable length in which structural abnormalities seem to be absent. Purpose We aimed to explore echocardiographic characteristics of PLN R14del mutation carriers, particularly in early disease stages. Methods We included 120 PLN R14del mutation carriers and classified them to the pre-symptomatic stage (no symptoms and no structural disease, n = 60), the arrhythmic stage (arrhythmic symptoms and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%, n = 30) or the structural stage (LVEF <50%, n = 30). We included 60 healthy control subjects who were age- and gender matched with pre-symptomatic mutation carriers. All subjects underwent comprehensive echocardiographic analysis, including deformation imaging. Results Values are provided in the abstract table. Patients in the structural stage had significantly impaired left/right ventricular (LV/RV) function and increased LV/RV size when compared to the other mutation carriers (p < 0.001). In the pre-symptomatic and arrhythmic stage, LV function and volumes did not differ significantly from controls by conventional measurements. However, LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV mechanical dispersion (MD) were already significantly impaired in the pre-symptomatic and arrhythmic stage when compared to controls (p < 0.001). RV function by conventional measurements was lower in arrhythmic subjects than in controls (p = 0.016). A strong linear correlation was found between LV GLS and RV GLS (r = 0.8, p < 0.001). Conclusion Echocardiographic deformation imaging reveals biventricular mechanical alterations in PLN R14del mutation carriers before arrhythmic symptoms and overt structural disease. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the incremental prognostic value of these findings. Control subjects (n = 60) Pre-symptomatic (n = 60) Arrhythmic (n = 30) Strucutral (n = 30) LVEF(%) 60.3 ± 4.2 58.6 ± 4.2 57.1 ± 5.3 38.8 ± 10.6* LVEDV (ml/m2) 54.6 ± 10.0 53.7 ± 9.5 56.1 ± 11.6 70.1 ± 25.8* LV GLS (%) 21.5 ± 1.8 19.5 ± 1.5* 19.1 ± 1.7* 12.7 ± 3.8* LV MD (msec) 24.4 ± 5.9 33.1 ± 9.5* 48.2 ± 13.3* 60.8 ± 17.1* RV FAC (%) 46.4 ± 4.9 44.7 ± 5.0 42.6 ± 7.4* 33.2 ± 8.0* RV GLS (%) 26.5 ± 3.7 24.2 ± 2.9* 22.5 ± 4.2* 15.1 ± 5.7* FAC = Fractional area change; GLS = Global longitudinal strain; LV/RV = Left/right ventricular; LVEDV = Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF = Left ventricular ejection fraction; MD = Mechanical dispersion. *p < 0.05 when compared to control subjects. Abstract 1041 Figure. Clinical stages in PLN mutation carriers

scholarly journals Analisis Struktur dan Fungsi pada Satua I Sibakan

HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Panca Diputra ◽  
I Nyoman Duana Sutika ◽  
I Nyoman Darsana
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Structural Theory ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Group I ◽  
Structural Stage ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
And Function

The study examines the satua text entitled I Sibakan with structure and function analysis. This research uses structural theory. The structural theory uses several opinions of literary experts, including: Sukada, Luxemburg, Teeuw, Esten, Nurgiyantoro, Tarigan, Sudjiman, Sukasa, Esten and Kridalaksana. The methods and techniques used in this study are divided into three stages, namely, 1) the stage of providing data using listening methods assisted with translation techniques and recording techniques, 2) the stage of data analysis using qualitative methods assisted by descriptive analysis techniques, 3) the stage of presentation of analysis results use informal methods assisted by using deductive-inductive techniques. After the structural stage is completed, it is continued to function in the use of function theory in Luxemburg's (1984: 94) opinion, stating that the function of a text is the overall traits that together lead to the same goals and their effects. A thing conveyed in a literary work still has to do with the real world that can be understood and accepted by the reader. The results obtained in the study are, the disclosure of the structure that builds each one in the satua I Sibakan text consisting of incidents, plot, character and characterization, setting, theme and mandate. In addition, this study also reveals the aspects of the functions contained in one group I Sibakan. Functions contained in satua I Sibakan include, the functions of religious life, the function of education, social functions, and functions as entertainment.

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