Introduction to this special section: Smart city geophysics

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 630-630
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Urban environments provide many challenges to conventional geophysical sensing. These can include the density of structures on the surface, subterranean infrastructure, electrical noise, pedestrian traffic, vehicular traffic, air traffic, and waterborne traffic in some cases. Surface access for data collection also can be an issue as more of the area is covered in concrete or asphalt or is impacted by traffic. Although challenges exist, there are also new opportunities as technology advances and as more parts of our daily lives become digitally intertwined. The papers in this special section highlight different geophysical sensing applications, ranging from infrasound to distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), that take advantage of the additional energy sources in more densely populated areas, optimize data collection around times of peak noise, and adapt to the dynamic environment that urban settings present.

Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia 12 Hingga 24 Bulan di Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Marini Marini ◽  
Khasanah Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Model Checking ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Development Of Language

Abstract The  problem  of this research is : How is the language development of children age 12 to 24 months in Semarang ?. The purpose of this study is to describe widely and deeply about language development the children age 12 to 24 in Semarang. The method used in this research is qualitative method. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, and questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using Miles Hubermen’s model. Checking the validity of the data using triangulation data. The results showed that the development of language of children aged 12 to 24 months in Semarang in expressive is: can produce sound almost perfect in several words; Some of the letters of the words missing from the pronunciation; The missing letters are usually consonants; Haven't been able to pronounce the letter s and r; In General, most people are able to understand the speech of the children is an adult who is close to the child; There is a word that can be spelled perfectly by the child. The words are by and large is the words that are simple and close to the children's daily lives. As for the generally receptive: children can follow and obey what is spoken by adults; The children seem to understand when the adults were talking about them; and children  can understand  to the words that they  heard more than that they can speak.   Keywords: Language, children, expressive, receptive, word.    

scholarly journals A State-of-the-Art Review on Empirical Data Collection for External Governed Pedestrians Complex Movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Shi ◽  
Zhirui Ye ◽  
Nirajan Shiwakoti ◽  
Offer Grembek
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Random Flows ◽  
Complex Movement

Complex movement patterns of pedestrian traffic, ranging from unidirectional to multidirectional flows, are frequently observed in major public infrastructure such as transport hubs. These multidirectional movements can result in increased number of conflicts, thereby influencing the mobility and safety of pedestrian facilities. Therefore, empirical data collection on pedestrians’ complex movement has been on the rise in the past two decades. Although there are several reviews of mathematical simulation models for pedestrian traffic in the existing literature, a detailed review examining the challenges and opportunities on empirical studies on the pedestrians complex movements is limited in the literature. The overall aim of this study is to present a systematic review on the empirical data collection for uni- and multidirectional crowd complex movements. We first categorized the complex movements of pedestrian crowd into two general categories, namely, external governed movements and internal driven movements based on the interactions with the infrastructure and among pedestrians, respectively. Further, considering the hierarchy of movement complexity, we decomposed the externally governed movements of pedestrian traffic into several unique movement patterns including straight line, turning, egress and ingress, opposing, weaving, merging, diverging, and random flows. Analysis of the literature showed that empirical data were highly rich in straight line and egress flow while medium rich in turning, merging, weaving, and opposing flows, but poor in ingress, diverging, and random flows. We put emphasis on the need for the future global collaborative efforts on data sharing for the complex crowd movements.

Design and Performance Analysis of Pedestrian Crossing Facilities for Continuous Flow Intersections

2005 ◽  
Vol 1939 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanujan Jagannathan ◽  
Joe G. Bared
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Pedestrian Level Of Service ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

Although concepts of the continuous flow intersection (CFI) have been around for approximately four decades, minimal or no literature describing studies that have analyzed pedestrian traffic performance at these intersections is available. Several studies have reported on the qualitative and quantitative benefits for the vehicular traffic performance of CFIs in comparison with the benefits for the vehicular traffic performance of conventional intersections but have provided minimal or no discussion about pedestrian traffic performance. As a novel intersection design, many important considerations are required to design pedestrian accesses and crossings at CFIs without compromising pedestrian safety and vehicular traffic performance. In this paper, the design methodologies for providing pedestrian access and related pedestrian signal timings are discussed. Modeling was conducted on three typical geometries for CFIs with base signal timings optimized for vehicular traffic performance. The results indicate an acceptable pedestrian level of service of B or C on the basis of the average delay per stop experienced by any pedestrian for pedestrian crossings at the typical CFI geometries modeled. All pedestrians served at the CFIs are accommodated within two cycles for a typical signal cycle length ranging from 60 to 100 s.

scholarly journals Ticket Payment Information System On The Sea Beach Light Using Simple Additive Weighting Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Eko Siswanto ◽  
Bayu Abdur rohman
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Report Generation ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting ◽  
Card Model

<p>The Sea Beach Cahaya is one of the rising beach attractions in Kendal Regency, Central Java. In general, the tourism object of The Sea Pantai Cahaya still does not use many computer systems in their daily lives. As with tourism ticket purchases and also entrance tickets, vehicles that still use ticket paper as proof of payment, it is often disrupted if it is still fussing with the queue conditions and questions by visitors. On the other hand, report data collection is still considered slow.</p><p>One way to overcome the above problems is to make a ticket payment system that is computerized using the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method, replace paper tickets with a card model and also use the network to shorten report generation.</p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (STUDI KASUS INDUSTRI RUMAHAN KEMPLANG DI WILAYAH JAKABARING PALEMBANG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Nur Sindi Jannati ◽  
M Rusdi ◽  
Melis Melis
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Good Service ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Market Changes

This study aims to determine and analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the income of the cracker/kemplang home industry in the Jakabaring District, Palembang City. The analytical method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, discussions with business actors and from several sources of other articles. From the research that has been carried out, it is found that the cracker/kemplang home industry continues to run its business, and the income earned by the cracker/kemplang home industry tends to be stable even in the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The factor that supports the traders to keep doing business is the awareness to continue to struggle to meet the needs of their daily lives. There are several attempts by business actors to increase an income, such as by adapting to market changes, providing good service to consumers and paying attention to the quality of goods to be sold to consumers.

scholarly journals KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT ADAT DAYAK HIBUN DALAM MELESTARIKAN HUTAN TERINGKANG DI DUSUN BERUAK DESA GUNAM KECAMATAN PARINDU KABUPATEN SANGGAU

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sely Indri Prameswari ◽  
Iskandar A M ◽  
Slamet Rifanjani
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Depth Interview

Dayak hibun people cannot be separated from the forest in their daily lives. they maintain the preservation of the surrounding forest, one of which is the caged forest. The research aimed to collect information regardingthe local wisdomPublicDayak Hibun  in Beruak, Gunam Village, Parindu Subdistrict, Sanggau Regency, in an effort to preserve the teringkang forest. The research method using survey method, and the technique of data collection was snowball sampling. The data was obtained through a depth-interview and interview guideline as a reference. The results of the data analysis show that there are several forms of local wisdom practiced in gunam village, namely 1. (a) prohibition of cutting down the trees, (b) opening the Teringkang forest for farming, (c) burning goods such as shrimp paste and fish, (d) taking and killing animals, (e) urinating and defecating in the Teringkang Forest, 2. belief in the presence of Bunyik (ghosts), having rituals entering the Teringkang Forest, and Keeping words politeness, 3. Hence the community has belief in mystical matters, 4. Therefore, the Teringkang Forest is still preserved up until today.Keywords: Dayak Hibun, Local Wisdom, Teringkang Forest

scholarly journals Low Computational Cost Distributed Acoustic Sensing Using Analog I/Q Demodulation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Jiang ◽  
Zixiao Lu ◽  
Feida Cai ◽  
Honglang Li ◽  
Zhenhai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Phase Demodulation

Distributed acoustic sensing based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) has been widely used in many fields. Phase demodulation of the Φ-OTDR signal is essential for undistorted acoustic measurement. Digital coherent detection is a universal method to implement phase demodulation, but it may cause severe computational burden. In this paper, analog I/Q demodulation is introduced into the Φ-OTDR based DAS system to solve this problem, which can directly obtain the I and Q components of the beat signal without any digital processing, meaning that the computational cost can be sharply reduced. Besides, the sampling frequency of the data acquisition card can theoretically be lower than the beat frequency as the spectrum aliasing would not affect the demodulation results, thus further reducing the data volume of the system. Experimental results show that the proposed DAS system can demodulate the phase signal with good linearity and wide frequency response range. It can also adequately recover the sound signal sensed by the optical fiber, indicating that it can be a promising solution for computational-cost-sensitive distributed acoustic sensing applications.

scholarly journals A Robust Registration Method for Autonomous Driving Pose Estimation in Urban Dynamic Environment Using LiDAR

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rendong Wang ◽  
Youchun Xu ◽  
Miguel Angel Sotelo ◽  
Yulin Ma ◽  
Thompson Sarkodie-Gyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Position Errors ◽  
Initial Errors ◽  
High Dynamic

The registration of point clouds in urban environments faces problems such as dynamic vehicles and pedestrians, changeable road environments, and GPS inaccuracies. The state-of-the-art methodologies have usually combined the dynamic object tracking and/or static feature extraction data into a point cloud towards the solution of these problems. However, there is the occurrence of minor initial position errors due to these methodologies. In this paper, the authors propose a fast and robust registration method that exhibits no need for the detection of any dynamic and/or static objects. This proposed methodology may be able to adapt to higher initial errors. The initial steps of this methodology involved the optimization of the object segmentation under the application of a series of constraints. Based on this algorithm, a novel multi-layer nested RANSAC algorithmic framework is proposed to iteratively update the registration results. The robustness and efficiency of this algorithm is demonstrated on several high dynamic scenes of both short and long time intervals with varying initial offsets. A LiDAR odometry experiment was performed on the KITTI data set and our extracted urban data-set with a high dynamic urban road, and the average of the horizontal position errors was compared to the distance traveled that resulted in 0.45% and 0.55% respectively.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 Lockdown on Air Quality in Three Italian Medium-Sized Cities

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Donzelli ◽  
Lorenzo Cioni ◽  
Mariagrazia Cancellieri ◽  
Agustin Llopis Morales ◽  
Maria Morales Suárez-Varela
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
The Impact

Despite the societal and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the lockdown measures put in place by the Italian government provided an unprecedented opportunity to increase our knowledge of the effect transportation and industry-related emissions have on the air quality in our cities. This study assessed the effect of reduced emissions during the lockdown period, due to COVID-19, on air quality in three Italian cities, Florence, Pisa, and Lucca. For this study, we compared the concentration of particulate matter PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3 measured during the lockdown period, with values obtained in the same period of 2019. Our results show no evidence of a direct relationship between the lockdown measures implemented and PM reduction in urban centers, except in areas with heavy traffic. Consistent with recently published studies, we did, however, observe a significant decrease in NO2 concentrations among all the air-monitoring stations for each city in this study. Finally, O3 levels remained unchanged during the lockdown period. Of note, there were slight variations in the meteorological conditions for the same periods of different years. Our results suggest a need for further studies on the impact of vehicular traffic and industrial activities on PM air pollution, including adopting holistic source-control measures for improved air quality in urban environments.

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