3D baseline seismics at Ketzin, Germany: The C O2 SINK project

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. B121-B132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Juhlin ◽  
Rüdiger Giese ◽  
Kim Zinck-Jørgensen ◽  
Calin Cosma ◽  
Hesam Kazemeini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Heterogeneous Formation ◽  
Gas Chimneys ◽  
East West

A 3D 25-fold seismic survey with a bin size of 12 by [Formula: see text] and about [Formula: see text] of subsurface coverage was acquired in 2005 near a former natural gas storage site west of Berlin, as part of the five-year EU funded [Formula: see text] project. Main objectives of the seismic survey were to verify earlier geologic interpretations of structure based on vintage 2D seismic and borehole data and to map, if possible, the reservoir pathways in which the [Formula: see text] will be injected at [Formula: see text] depth, as well as providing a baseline for future seismic surveys and planning of drilling operations. The uppermost [Formula: see text] are well imaged and show an anticlinal structure with an east-west striking central graben on its top that extendsdown to the target horizon. About [Formula: see text] of throwis seen on the bounding faults. No faults are imaged near the planned drill sites. Remnant gas, cushion and residual gas, is present near the top of the anticline in the depth interval of about [Formula: see text] and has a clear seismic signature; both higher amplitudes in the reservoir horizons and velocity pulldown are observed. Amplitude mapping of these remnant gas horizons shows that they do not extend as far south as the injection site, which is located on the southern flank of the anticline. Amplitude anomalies, gas chimneys along an east-west striking fault, show that the stored or remnant gas either has been or is presently migrating out of the reservoir formations. Summed amplitude mapping of the planned injection horizon indicates that this lithologically heterogeneous formation may be more porous at the injection site.

LAM IN ARIA—A NEW TIMOR SEA DISCOVERY

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C Smith ◽  
L. A Tilbury ◽  
A. Chatfield ◽  
P. Senycia ◽  
N. Thompson.
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
International Boundary ◽  
Timor Sea ◽  
Seismic Lines ◽  
East West

The Laminaria-1 discovery in the southeast of AC/P8 is a major new Timor Sea oil accumulation. The discovery well, drilled in October 1994, encountered a gross oil column of 102 m in deltaic to jiearshore marine sediments of the Callovian-Oxfordian Laminaria Formation. On production test, a maximum flow rate of 7,507 BOPD was recorded through a 5/8 in. choke. The oil is a light (59° API), undersaturated oil with a GOR of 175 SCF/STB. Laminaria-1 was the first well drilled by the AC/P8 Joint Venture since resumption of exploration following resolution of the international boundary between Australia and Indonesia.The Laminaria Prospect, originally identified prior to the boundary dispute, was detailed by seismic surveys in 1992 and 1993. The prospect was selected as the best of several structural targets, comprising a large complex horst block produced by major east-west faults, discernible on the 2D seismic lines at Aptian (KA) level. The prospect was expected to have Upper to Middle Jurassic Flamingo and Plover sandstone reservoirs, sealed by the Flamingo Group Shales,with hydrocarbons sourced from the same shales in adjacent synclines.Since the discovery, a comprehensive appraisal campaign has been undertaken to delineate the accumulation, including the acquisition of a large 3D seismic survey over almost the entire AC/P8 permit, and the drilling of a further two wells and a sidetrack. The Laminaria horst is now interpreted to comprise a series of tilted fault-blocks, orientated ENE to WSW and dipping to the southeast.

Seismic solutions utilizing existing in-mine infrastructure for mineral exploration: A case study from Maseve platinum mine, South Africa

2022 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Moyagabo K. Rapetsoa ◽  
Musa S. D. Manzi ◽  
Mpofana Sihoyiya ◽  
Michael Westgate ◽  
Phumlani Kubeka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Passive Seismic ◽  
Below Ground

We demonstrate the application of seismic methods using in-mine infrastructure such as exploration tunnels to image platinum deposits and geologic structures using different acquisition configurations. In 2020, seismic experiments were conducted underground at the Maseve platinum mine in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa. These seismic experiments were part of the Advanced Orebody Knowledge project titled “Developing technologies that will be used to obtain information ahead of the mine face.” In these experiments, we recorded active and passive seismic data using surface nodal arrays and an in-mine seismic land streamer. We focus on analyzing only the in-mine active seismic portion of the survey. The tunnel seismic survey consisted of seven 2D profiles in exploration tunnels, located approximately 550 m below ground surface and a few meters above known platinum deposits. A careful data-processing approach was adopted to enhance high-quality reflections and suppress infrastructure-generated noise. Despite challenges presented by the in-mine noisy environment, we successfully imaged the platinum deposits with the aid of borehole data and geologic models. The results open opportunities to adapt surface-based geophysical instruments to address challenging in-mine environments for mineral exploration.

WARROON GAS DISCOVERY SUPPORTS EXPLORATION OF ANTICLINES

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
B. R. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Seismic Surveys

Warroon, a small gas condensate discovery in the western Surat Shelf, was mapped as a faulted anticline from seismic data shot in April 1979. The discovery well was drilled in August 1979 on the then highest known point of the mapped closure. The well flowed up to 8 MMcf/D from about 2.4 m (eight feet) of Showgrounds Sandstone over the gross interval 2 048 to 2 060 m (6 720 to 6 760 ft). Subsequently, two small seismic surveys comprising 62 km and including experimental shooting and acoustic impedance processing have been shot over the anticline. A step-out will be considered in the 1981 drilling program.The discovery of gas and condensate in Warroon, and in the Glen Fosslyn discovery in an adjacent permit, optimistically suggests that the prospective area of the Wunger Ridge may be extended. A major seismic survey comprising over 450 km of 12-fold 96 channel recording was shot in the Spring of 1980. The interpretation of the data could lead to proposals to drill a number of wildcats on structures similar in appearance to Warroon.

THE CHELONIA SEISMIC SURVEY: MINIMISING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON A NATURE RESERVE

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
P.J. Long ◽  
V.L. Long
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Environmental Management Plan ◽  
Bird Mortality

Onshore seismic surveys are traditionally associated with wide straight tracks, required for access by seismic vehicles and denuded of vegetation. The proposal by Lasmo Oil (Australia) Ltd and its co-venturers to perform a seismic survey on the Muiron Islands Nature Reserve was therefore received with some concern by residents of nearby Exmouth in Western Australia. The proponent undertook extensive surveys of the existing environment, however, and produced a strict environmental management plan which featured innovative methods to minimise impacts on both flora and fauna — in particular the extensive Wedge-tailed Shearwater colony on the islands. These methods were executed much as planned and caused negligible destruction of vegetation and no known bird mortality. The results indicate the management plan was highly successful and established a new benchmark for exploration in sensitive areas.This paper outlines the environmental management plan developed for the work and documents the results of the procedures employed. It concludes that such methods could be applied to similar projects elsewhere.

Australian national ocean bottom seismograph fleet advances conventional exploration

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Alexey Goncharov ◽  
Michal Malinowski ◽  
Dejan Sekulic ◽  
Ashby Cooper ◽  
Peter Chia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Crust And Upper Mantle ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Ocean Bottom Seismographs ◽  
Obs Data

A fleet of new Australian ocean bottom seismographs (OBSs) have broadband frequency range, and similar instruments are available at only five or six institutions globally. These OBSs are multi-purpose devices able to record passive-source seismic data (earthquakes, ambient noise) as well as active-source (airgun generated) data and, at the same time, to monitor seismic survey noise and whale calls for environmentally responsible exploration. OBS data collected during commercial seismic surveys in Australian waters prove that it is possible to image the velocity distribution of the whole crust and upper mantle from analysis of both reflected and refracted phases generated by an industry-standard broadband airgun array. This means that valuable information on a regional scale can be obtained as a by-product of commercial seismic surveys. Three-component recording capability of OBSs allows analysis of S-waves in addition to the P-waves that are conventionally used in marine reflection surveys.

Subsurface investigation of the Terrace of the Elephants in the Angkor world heritage site using geophysical survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwangwu Lee ◽  
Kiju Kim ◽  
Byungsuk Park ◽  
Wooseok Kim ◽  
Jaehyeung Jeoung
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Geophysical Survey ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Subsurface Investigation ◽  
Geophysical Survey Methods

<p>Geophysical survey methods are widely applied into not only underground water exploration and environmental pollution & civil engineering fields of the ground, but also in the archeological field such as exploration of the historic remains. The electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) and seismic surveys were conducted to determine the distribution of underground around the terrace of the elephants. ERT survey was conducted to investigate the natural geological distribution and artificial ground around the terrace of the elephants and seismic survey was conducted to find out the velocity distribution of the terrace of the elephants. ERT resulted in a difference in the traces of artificial ground composition around natural ground and terrace of the elephants. Geophysical survey could be used to infer the range and purpose of the underground composition of historic remains (KOICA Project Number: 2019-00065).</p>

Map displays from an interactive interpretation

Geophysics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1999-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Denham ◽  
H. Roice Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Seismic Interpretation ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Gippsland Basin

Map displays built during interactive seismic interpretation provide information not obtainable with traditional mapping techniques. Several map displays derived from the 1983 interactive interpretation of a Gippsland Basin three‐dimensional (3-D) seismic survey are presented below. Similar map display results have since been obtained with the interactive interpretation of two‐dimensional (2-D) seismic surveys. These types of mapping results are among the most important contributions of interactive interpretation procedures.

3D seismic traveltime tomography imaging of the shallow subsurface at the C O2 SINK project site, Ketzin, Germany

Geophysics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. G1-G15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawasdee Yordkayhun ◽  
Ari Tryggvason ◽  
Ben Norden ◽  
Christopher Juhlin ◽  
Björn Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
Traveltime Tomography ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Reflection Data

A 3D reflection seismic survey was performed in 2005 at the Ketzin carbon dioxide [Formula: see text] pilot geological-storage site (the [Formula: see text] project) near Berlin, Germany, to image the geological structure of the site to depths of about [Formula: see text]. Because of the acquisition geometry, frequency limitations of the source, and artefacts of the data processing, detailed structures shallower than about [Formula: see text] were unclear. To obtain structural images of the shallow subsurface, we applied 3D traveltime tomography to data near the top of the Ketzin anticline, where faulting is present. Understanding the shallow subsurface structure is important for long-term monitoring aspects of the project after [Formula: see text] has been injected into a saline aquifer at about [Formula: see text] depth. We used a 3D traveltime tomography algorithm based on a combination ofsolving for 3D velocity structure and static corrections in the inversion process to account for artefacts in the velocity structure because of smearing effects from the unconsolidated cover. The resulting velocity model shows low velocities of [Formula: see text] in the uppermost shallow subsurface of the study area. The velocity reaches about [Formula: see text] at a depth of [Formula: see text]. This coincides approximately with the boundary between Quaternary units, which contain the near-surface freshwater reservoir and the Tertiary clay aquitard. Correlation of tomographic images with a similarity attribute slice at [Formula: see text] (about [Formula: see text] depth) indicates that at least one east-west striking fault zone observed in the reflection data might extend into the Tertiary unit. The more detailed images of the shallow subsurface from this study provided valuable information on this potentially risky area.

Optimizing operations in 3‐D land seismic surveys

Geophysics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1818-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Morrice ◽  
Astrid S. Kenyon ◽  
Christian J. Beckett
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Production Parameter ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Conduct Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Operational Constraints

We formulate and solve a mathematical programming optimization model to find a minimum cost solution for an orthogonal split‐spread design in a 3‐D land seismic survey. The model contains decision variables on source and receiver location spacings, the amount of receiver equipment, and the production rate of the seismic crews. The model includes operational constraints for source and receiver movements. It also includes geophysical constraints for fold coverage, offset, and azimuth. To demonstrate the efficacy of the model, we include an example and solve it using the nonlinear optimization solver in Microsoft Excel. The model results demonstrate the classic trade‐off between source and receiver points to satisfy the geophysical requirements. In addition, we conduct sensitivity analysis on an important production parameter: the maximum number of source points that can be shot per day. We show that although changes to this parameter do not impact the decision variables, such changes do have a significant effect on the total cost of the survey.

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