Optimizing operations in 3‐D land seismic surveys

Geophysics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1818-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Morrice ◽  
Astrid S. Kenyon ◽  
Christian J. Beckett
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Production Parameter ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Conduct Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Operational Constraints

We formulate and solve a mathematical programming optimization model to find a minimum cost solution for an orthogonal split‐spread design in a 3‐D land seismic survey. The model contains decision variables on source and receiver location spacings, the amount of receiver equipment, and the production rate of the seismic crews. The model includes operational constraints for source and receiver movements. It also includes geophysical constraints for fold coverage, offset, and azimuth. To demonstrate the efficacy of the model, we include an example and solve it using the nonlinear optimization solver in Microsoft Excel. The model results demonstrate the classic trade‐off between source and receiver points to satisfy the geophysical requirements. In addition, we conduct sensitivity analysis on an important production parameter: the maximum number of source points that can be shot per day. We show that although changes to this parameter do not impact the decision variables, such changes do have a significant effect on the total cost of the survey.

scholarly journals Sewer Networks Optimization Using Cellular Automata

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rohani ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Afshar
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Hybrid Cellular Automata ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Network Problems ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Operational Constraints ◽  
Sewer Networks

The Hybrid Cellular Automata (HCA) method is used in this paper for the optimal design of sewer network problems with the fixed layout. The HCA method decomposes the problem into two sub-problems with considering the pipe diameters and nodal cover depths as decision variables. Two stages are solved iteratively for determining the decision variables in a manner to minimize the total cost of the sewer network subject to the operational constraints. The HCA method is used to optimally solve three benchmark examples with different sizes and the results are presented and compared to those of the existing methods. The results indicate that the HCA method is more efficient and effective than the alternative methods.

THE USE OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES TO OPTIMIZE FARM SIZE

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
T. Movchan ◽  
V. Artеmov ◽  
D. Bulysheva
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Economic Zones

It is recommended to implement forecasting management models in the area of land use and protection by applying linear programming methods to optimize the size of farms, which land is located in different natural and economic zones. Analysis and assessment of land use in natural-economic zones is a type of management activity for deep understanding of the dialectic of a managed object development and true assessment of its moving forces. This enables to simulate the situation of land use, to identify a specific goal, to choose the means to achieve it and to obtain the optimum result. The implementation of the proposed forecast models of the optimal farm size is carried out by linear programming in three ways (northwest corner method, minimum cost method and What-If analysis method, that uses Solver, a Microsoft Excel add-in program). The implementation of the above approaches is based on the example of four farms and five natural-economic zones. The obtained solutions show that the best result is attained by using Solver for What-If analysis method, a Microsoft Excel add-in program. The northwest corner method gives the worst result, but this is the simplest solution. The minimum cost method depends on the researcher qualification and produces the result that is most often found between the results obtained by the northwest corner method and the "Solver" procedure. When using the method of the northwest corner a program of consideration of different options for the distribution of land resources and the choice of the optimal solution was developed. This allows to find an optimal result of land allocation according to the result, which is similar to the result of the procedure "Solver", but it is more adapted for the direct participation of the researcher in the process of solving problems. There is an opportunity to improve the result by changing the original data, which simulates the forecast of the distribution of farm land in natural-economic zones, while minimizing production costs. In the absence of access to computers, the solutions obtained by the northwest corner and the minimum cost methods can be improved by the potential method.

Sistem Informasi Pengendalian Persediaan Barang Menggunakan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)

IJAcc ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Erna Astriyani ◽  
Desy Apriani ◽  
Meri Mayang Sari
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Inventory Control ◽  
Economic Order Quantity ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Control System Design ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Control Information

The system that is currently running in recording inventory at PT Berlina Tbk Tangerang is considered ineffective and efficient because it still uses paper and the process of inputting and recapping goods data is semi-computerized in Microsoft Excel. which causes problems, namely too much stock of goods so that it increases the load in the warehouse and too little stock of goods which results in an exhaustion of stock in the warehouse. To solve this problem, we need an inventory control information system. The method of analysis uses the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) method. For the system design process using sublime as the writing language and programming PHP, and XAMPP as localhost, the database uses MySQL. This study aims to design an inventory control system in the HRD department at PT Berlina Tbk Tangerang, and to make it easier for the HRD Department to input and create inventory reports. With this research, it can produce an inventory control system design that is more effective and efficient and can find out the storage costs in the warehouse. From the calculation of the EOQ method, it is found that it is 20% smaller than the previous storage and the total cost of ordering in a year is 2x orders. Thus, it means that there is a very real difference between the inventory policies implemented by the company and the EOQ method.

scholarly journals Inventory and preservation investment for deteriorating system with stock-dependent demand and partial backlogged shortages

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Nita Shah ◽  
Kavita Rabari ◽  
Ekta Patel
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Deterioration Rate ◽  
Preservation Technology ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Stock Dependent Demand ◽  
Rate Controlled ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Constant Deterioration ◽  
Dependent Demand

Our model deals with the stock-dependent demand as exhibiting huge volume of commodities leads to more costumers and augment the trading of the goods. As some goods like vegetables, fruits, medicines deteriorate after a period of time, resulting in economical and financial losses, we took this factor into consideration and included a constant deterioration rate, controlled by suitable preservation technologies. Preservation technology investments are made for the valuable business as it helps to decrease the rate of deterioration. Our model allows shortages, and back-ordering is permissible to manage the loss that occurs due to perishable objects and shortages. The objectives are to find the optimal cycle time, preservation technology cost, and positive inventory time. The paper also proves the convexity of total cost through graphs with respect to decision variables. A sensitivity analysis of decision variables with respect to different inventory parameters is carried out.

Introduction to this special section: Acquisition and sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 670-670
Author(s):  
Margarita Corzo ◽  
Tim Brice ◽  
Ray Abma
Keyword(s):  
Special Section ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Small Boat ◽  
Air Gun ◽  
Seismic Acquisition ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Seismic Images

Seismic acquisition has undergone a revolution over the last few decades. The volume of data acquired has increased exponentially, and the quality of seismic images obtained has improved tremendously. While the total cost of acquiring a seismic survey has increased, the cost per trace has dropped precipitously. Land surveys have evolved from sparse 2D lines acquired with a few dozen receivers to densely sampled 3D multiazimuth surveys. Marine surveys that once may have consisted of a small boat pulling a single cable have evolved to large streamer vessels pulling multiple cables and air-gun arrays and to ocean-bottom detectors that require significant fleets to place the detectors, shoot the sources, and provide support. These surveys collect data that are wide azimuth and typically fairly well sampled.

3D baseline seismics at Ketzin, Germany: The C O2 SINK project

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. B121-B132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Juhlin ◽  
Rüdiger Giese ◽  
Kim Zinck-Jørgensen ◽  
Calin Cosma ◽  
Hesam Kazemeini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Heterogeneous Formation ◽  
Gas Chimneys ◽  
East West

A 3D 25-fold seismic survey with a bin size of 12 by [Formula: see text] and about [Formula: see text] of subsurface coverage was acquired in 2005 near a former natural gas storage site west of Berlin, as part of the five-year EU funded [Formula: see text] project. Main objectives of the seismic survey were to verify earlier geologic interpretations of structure based on vintage 2D seismic and borehole data and to map, if possible, the reservoir pathways in which the [Formula: see text] will be injected at [Formula: see text] depth, as well as providing a baseline for future seismic surveys and planning of drilling operations. The uppermost [Formula: see text] are well imaged and show an anticlinal structure with an east-west striking central graben on its top that extendsdown to the target horizon. About [Formula: see text] of throwis seen on the bounding faults. No faults are imaged near the planned drill sites. Remnant gas, cushion and residual gas, is present near the top of the anticline in the depth interval of about [Formula: see text] and has a clear seismic signature; both higher amplitudes in the reservoir horizons and velocity pulldown are observed. Amplitude mapping of these remnant gas horizons shows that they do not extend as far south as the injection site, which is located on the southern flank of the anticline. Amplitude anomalies, gas chimneys along an east-west striking fault, show that the stored or remnant gas either has been or is presently migrating out of the reservoir formations. Summed amplitude mapping of the planned injection horizon indicates that this lithologically heterogeneous formation may be more porous at the injection site.

WARROON GAS DISCOVERY SUPPORTS EXPLORATION OF ANTICLINES

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
B. R. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Seismic Surveys

Warroon, a small gas condensate discovery in the western Surat Shelf, was mapped as a faulted anticline from seismic data shot in April 1979. The discovery well was drilled in August 1979 on the then highest known point of the mapped closure. The well flowed up to 8 MMcf/D from about 2.4 m (eight feet) of Showgrounds Sandstone over the gross interval 2 048 to 2 060 m (6 720 to 6 760 ft). Subsequently, two small seismic surveys comprising 62 km and including experimental shooting and acoustic impedance processing have been shot over the anticline. A step-out will be considered in the 1981 drilling program.The discovery of gas and condensate in Warroon, and in the Glen Fosslyn discovery in an adjacent permit, optimistically suggests that the prospective area of the Wunger Ridge may be extended. A major seismic survey comprising over 450 km of 12-fold 96 channel recording was shot in the Spring of 1980. The interpretation of the data could lead to proposals to drill a number of wildcats on structures similar in appearance to Warroon.

THE CHELONIA SEISMIC SURVEY: MINIMISING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON A NATURE RESERVE

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
P.J. Long ◽  
V.L. Long
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Environmental Management Plan ◽  
Bird Mortality

Onshore seismic surveys are traditionally associated with wide straight tracks, required for access by seismic vehicles and denuded of vegetation. The proposal by Lasmo Oil (Australia) Ltd and its co-venturers to perform a seismic survey on the Muiron Islands Nature Reserve was therefore received with some concern by residents of nearby Exmouth in Western Australia. The proponent undertook extensive surveys of the existing environment, however, and produced a strict environmental management plan which featured innovative methods to minimise impacts on both flora and fauna — in particular the extensive Wedge-tailed Shearwater colony on the islands. These methods were executed much as planned and caused negligible destruction of vegetation and no known bird mortality. The results indicate the management plan was highly successful and established a new benchmark for exploration in sensitive areas.This paper outlines the environmental management plan developed for the work and documents the results of the procedures employed. It concludes that such methods could be applied to similar projects elsewhere.

Australian national ocean bottom seismograph fleet advances conventional exploration

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Alexey Goncharov ◽  
Michal Malinowski ◽  
Dejan Sekulic ◽  
Ashby Cooper ◽  
Peter Chia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Crust And Upper Mantle ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Ocean Bottom Seismographs ◽  
Obs Data

A fleet of new Australian ocean bottom seismographs (OBSs) have broadband frequency range, and similar instruments are available at only five or six institutions globally. These OBSs are multi-purpose devices able to record passive-source seismic data (earthquakes, ambient noise) as well as active-source (airgun generated) data and, at the same time, to monitor seismic survey noise and whale calls for environmentally responsible exploration. OBS data collected during commercial seismic surveys in Australian waters prove that it is possible to image the velocity distribution of the whole crust and upper mantle from analysis of both reflected and refracted phases generated by an industry-standard broadband airgun array. This means that valuable information on a regional scale can be obtained as a by-product of commercial seismic surveys. Three-component recording capability of OBSs allows analysis of S-waves in addition to the P-waves that are conventionally used in marine reflection surveys.

Subsurface investigation of the Terrace of the Elephants in the Angkor world heritage site using geophysical survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwangwu Lee ◽  
Kiju Kim ◽  
Byungsuk Park ◽  
Wooseok Kim ◽  
Jaehyeung Jeoung
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Geophysical Survey ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Subsurface Investigation ◽  
Geophysical Survey Methods

<p>Geophysical survey methods are widely applied into not only underground water exploration and environmental pollution & civil engineering fields of the ground, but also in the archeological field such as exploration of the historic remains. The electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) and seismic surveys were conducted to determine the distribution of underground around the terrace of the elephants. ERT survey was conducted to investigate the natural geological distribution and artificial ground around the terrace of the elephants and seismic survey was conducted to find out the velocity distribution of the terrace of the elephants. ERT resulted in a difference in the traces of artificial ground composition around natural ground and terrace of the elephants. Geophysical survey could be used to infer the range and purpose of the underground composition of historic remains (KOICA Project Number: 2019-00065).</p>

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