Time‐lapse crosswell seismic tomography to characterize flow structure in the reservoir during the thermal stimulation

Geophysics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doo Sung Lee ◽  
Veronica M. Stevenson ◽  
Phil F. Johnston ◽  
C. E. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Seismic Tomography ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Tracer Test ◽  
Heat Propagation ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Thermal Stimulation ◽  
Fluid Temperature

Time‐lapse crosswell seismic tomography data, recorded with an interval of six months, indicate a strong directional thermal response in a fractured eolian sandstone reservoir at a five‐spot thermal stimulation site in the South Casper Creek oil field, Wyoming. The seismic thermal response depicted on the tomogram and in conjunction with the geological data from cores and a wireline log, reveals the multichannel flow mechanism in the reservoir formation. The three factors that control steam or heat propagation are the fractures, the directional permeability existing in the rock matrix, and the fault. Crosswell tomograms imply that the primary fluid flow is through fractures oriented north‐south, whereas the secondary fluid flow is through the matrix in the direction of maximum horizontal permeability. The thermal response expressed on the tomogram infers that a fault oriented N80°E offsets flow units and acts as a flow barrier or baffle. The flow structure implied by the crosswell seismic tomography is strikingly different from the initial conjecture, as deduced from engineering perception based on geological reasoning. However, the tomographic implications were supported by both a tracer test and fluid temperature measurements at the four producing wells around the injector.

On the use of quasi-static deformation to understand reservoir fluid flow

Geophysics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. O13-O27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don W. Vasco ◽  
Alessandro Ferretti
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Static Deformation ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
Reservoir Permeability ◽  
Surface Displacements

Deformation above a producing reservoir provides a valuable source of information concerning fluid flow and flow properties. Quasi-static deformation occurs when the displacements are so slow that we may neglect inertial terms in the equations of motion. We present a method for inferring reservoir volume change and flow properties, such as permeability, from observations of quasi-static deformation. Such displacements may represent surface deformation such as tilt, leveling, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), or bathymetry observations or subsurface deformation, as inferred from time-lapse seismic surveys. In our approach, the equation for fluid flow in a deforming reservoir provides a mapping from estimated fractional volume changes to reservoir permeability variations. If the reservoir behaves poroelastically over the interval of interest, all the steps in this approach are linear. Thus, the inference of reservoir permeability from deformation data becomes a linear inverse problem. In an application to the Wilmington oil field in California, we find that observed surface displacements, obtained by leveling and InSAR, are indeed compatible with measured reservoir volume fluxes. We find that the permeability variations in certain layers coincide with fault-block boundaries suggesting that, in some cases, faults are controlling fluid flow at depth.

Dual attenuation peaks revealing mesoscopic and microscopic fluid flow in partially oil-saturated Fontainebleau sandstones

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. 1670-1683
Author(s):  
Liming Zhao ◽  
Genyang Tang ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Jianguo Zhao ◽  
Shangxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
And Shifts

SUMMARY We conducted stress–strain oscillation experiments on dry and partially oil-saturated Fontainebleau sandstone samples over the 1–2000 Hz band at different confining pressures to investigate the wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF) at mesoscopic and microscopic scales and their interaction. Three tested rock samples have similar porosity between 6 and 7 per cent and were partially saturated to different degrees with different oils. The measurement results exhibit a single or two attenuation peaks that are affected by the saturation degree, oil viscosity and confining pressure. One peak, exhibited by all samples, shifts to lower frequencies with increasing pressure, and is mainly attributed to grain contact- or microcrack-related squirt flow based on modelling of its characteristics and comparison with other experiment results for sandstones. The other peak is present at smaller frequencies and shifts to higher frequencies as the confining pressure increases, showing an opposite pressure dependence. This contrast is interpreted as the result of fluid flow patterns at different scales. We developed a dual-scale fluid flow model by incorporating the squirt flow effect into the patchy saturation model, which accounts for the interaction of WIFFs at microscopic and mesoscopic scales. This model provides a reasonable interpretation of the measurement results. Our broad-frequency-band measurements give physical evidence of WIFFs co-existing at two different scales, and combining with modelling results, it suggests that the WIFF mechanisms, related to pore microstructure and fluid distribution, interplay with each other and jointly control seismic attenuation and dispersion at reservoir conditions. These observations and modelling results are useful for quantitative seismic interpretation and reservoir characterization, specifically they have potential applications in time-lapse seismic analysis, fluid prediction and reservoir monitoring.

scholarly journals Near-surface real-time seismic imaging using parsimonious interferometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif M. Hanafy ◽  
Hussein Hoteit ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Gerard T. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Seismic Imaging ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractResults are presented for real-time seismic imaging of subsurface fluid flow by parsimonious refraction and surface-wave interferometry. Each subsurface velocity image inverted from time-lapse seismic data only requires several minutes of recording time, which is less than the time-scale of the fluid-induced changes in the rock properties. In this sense this is real-time imaging. The images are P-velocity tomograms inverted from the first-arrival times and the S-velocity tomograms inverted from dispersion curves. Compared to conventional seismic imaging, parsimonious interferometry reduces the recording time and increases the temporal resolution of time-lapse seismic images by more than an order-of-magnitude. In our seismic experiment, we recorded 90 sparse data sets over 4.5 h while injecting 12-tons of water into a sand dune. Results show that the percolation of water is mostly along layered boundaries down to a depth of a few meters, which is consistent with our 3D computational fluid flow simulations and laboratory experiments. The significance of parsimonious interferometry is that it provides more than an order-of-magnitude increase of temporal resolution in time-lapse seismic imaging. We believe that real-time seismic imaging will have important applications for non-destructive characterization in environmental, biomedical, and subsurface imaging.

scholarly journals A novel formulation of 3D Jeffery fluid flow near an irregular permeable surface having chemical reactive species

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781402110136
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Amer Rasheed ◽  
Shafqat Ali ◽  
Qurat-ul-Ain Azim
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Variable Thickness ◽  
Mass Transfer Rate ◽  
Skin Friction Coefficient ◽  
Deborah Number ◽  
Pictorial Representation ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Opposite Behavior ◽  
Thickness Parameter

The main objective of this paper is to offer a comprehensive study regarding solar radiation and MHD effects on 3D boundary layer Jeffery fluid flow over a non-uniform stretched sheet along with variable thickness, porous medium and chemical reaction of first order are assumed. The system of equations representing temperature, velocity and concentration fields are converted into dimensionless form by introducing dimensionless variables. Thereafter, the aforesaid equations are solved with the help of BVP4C in MATLAB. The numerical results obtained through this scheme are more accurate when compared with those in the existing literature. In order to have a pictorial representation, the effects of material and flow parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are presented through graphs. Moreover, the numerical values of heat and mass transfer rate and skin friction coefficient are given in tabular form. It is evident from the acquired results, that the velocity offers two fold behavior for variable thickness parameter that is, n < 1 close and away from the non-uniform surface. It is also noted that the axial and transverse velocities show an increasing behavior for Deborah number while the fluid temperature and concentration shows opposite behavior at the same time.

Time‐lapse crosswell seismic tomography and well logging to monitor the injected in an onshore aquifer, Nagaoka, Japan

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqiu Xue ◽  
Daiji Tanase ◽  
Hideki Saito ◽  
Dai Nobuoka ◽  
Jiro Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Tomography ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Well Logging

Fluid Flow Structure in Arterial Bypass Anastomosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Su ◽  
D. Lee ◽  
R. Tran-Son-Tay ◽  
W. Shyy
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Arterial Bypass ◽  
Flow Recirculation ◽  
Area Reduction ◽  
Complex Flow Structure

The fluid flow through a stenosed artery and its bypass graft in an anastomosis can substantially influence the outcome of bypass surgery. To help improve our understanding of this and related issues, the steady Navier-Stokes flows are computed in an idealized arterial bypass system with partially occluded host artery. Both the residual flow issued from the stenosis—which is potentially important at an earlier stage after grafting—and the complex flow structure induced by the bypass graft are investigated. Seven geometric models, including symmetric and asymmetric stenoses in the host artery, and two major aspects of the bypass system, namely, the effects of area reduction and stenosis asymmetry, are considered. By analyzing the flow characteristics in these configurations, it is found that (1) substantial area reduction leads to flow recirculation in both upstream and downstream of the stenosis and in the host artery near the toe, while diminishes the recirculation zone in the bypass graft near the bifurcation junction, (2) the asymmetry and position of the stenosis can affect the location and size of these recirculation zones, and (3) the curvature of the bypass graft can modify the fluid flow structure in the entire bypass system.

CFD Based Analysis of Laminar Forced Convection of Nanofluid Separated Flow Under the Presence of Magnetic Field

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-785
Author(s):  
M. Besanjideh ◽  
M. Hajabdollahi ◽  
S. A. Gandjalikhan Nassab
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Separated Flow ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Contraction Ratio ◽  
Nanoparticles Volume Fraction ◽  
Energy Equations ◽  
Laminar Forced Convection

AbstractThis paper deals with studying fluid flow and heat transfer of nanofluid through a forward facing step channel which is affected by a uniform magnetic field transverse to fluid flow. All the channel walls are assumed to be in constant temperature and the fluid temperature at the channel inlet is less than that of the walls. Also, the nanofluid is considered as a single-phase Newtonian fluid and the proper correlations were utilized to determine the thermophysical properties of nanofluid. Therefore, a code has been developed and two-dimensional continuity, momentum and energy equations were solved, using CFD technique. The computations were conducted for different values of the Reynolds and Hartmann numbers, and contraction ratio and an extensive range of nanoparticles volume fraction. The results indicated that flow separation and reattachment phenomena, in vicinity of the step edge, could be influenced strongly by magnetic field and the average Nusselt number is increased significantly by increasing nanoparticles volume fraction and Hartmann number.

scholarly journals Characterization and Corrections for Clamp-On Fluid Temperature Measurements in Turbulent Flows

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Nouri ◽  
Marc Röger ◽  
Nicole Janotte ◽  
Christoph Hilgert
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Correction Function ◽  
Acceptance Testing ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Operation Conditions

A clamp-on measurement system for flexible and accurate fluid temperature measurements for turbulent flows with Reynolds numbers higher than 30,000 is presented in this paper. This noninvasive system can be deployed without interference with the fluid flow while delivering the high accuracies necessary for performance and acceptance testing for power plants in terms of measurement accuracy and position. The system is experimentally validated in the fluid flow of a solar thermal parabolic trough collector test bench, equipped with built-in sensors as reference. Its applicability under industrial conditions is demonstrated at the 50 MWel AndaSol-3 parabolic trough solar power plant in Spain. A function based on large experimental data correcting the temperature gradient between the measured clamp-on sensor and actual fluid temperature is developed, achieving an uncertainty below ±0.7 K (2σ) for fluid temperatures up to 400 °C. In addition, the experimental results are used to validate a numerical model. Based on the results of this model, a general dimensionless correction function for a wider range of application scenarios is derived. The clamp-on system, together with the dimensionless correction function, supports numerous combinations of fluids, pipe materials, insulations, geometries, and operation conditions and should be useful in a variety of industrial applications of the power and chemical industry where temporal noninvasive fluid temperature measurement is needed with good accuracy. The comparison of the general dimensionless correction function with measurement data indicates a measurement uncertainty below 1 K (2σ).

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