A NOTE ON THE RELATION OF SUDDENLY APPLIED DC EARTH TRANSIENTS TO PULSE RESPONSE TRANSIENTS

Geophysics ◽  
1939 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. White
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Pulse Response ◽  
Heaviside Function ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
The Earth

From some work by Carson, the relation between the earth response to a Heaviside function voltage and the response to an impulse is pointed out. A method of obtaining all other electrical measurements from the impulse response is indicated. It is suggested that a new experimental method might yield more accurate measurements of the electrical earth responses than can be had from suddenly applied DC transients, or any of the steady state measurements.

WORKING DEPTHS FOR LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL PROSPECTING

Geophysics ◽  
1945 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Bradley Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Electrical Prospecting

Electrical measurements were made on the surface of the earth with low frequency commutated current using nineteen separate frequencies and six electrode separations. Analysis of the data indicates that there is an effect of appreciable magnitude attributable to an interface 6000 feet below the surface.

scholarly journals Global Systems for Mobile Position Tracking Using Kalman and Lainiotis Filters

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Assimakis ◽  
Maria Adam
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Finite Impulse Response ◽  
Position Tracking ◽  
Computational Burden ◽  
Time Invariant ◽  
Global Systems

We present two time invariant models for Global Systems for Mobile (GSM) position tracking, which describe the movement inx-axis andy-axis simultaneously or separately. We present the time invariant filters as well as the steady state filters: the classical Kalman filter and Lainiotis Filter and the Join Kalman Lainiotis Filter, which consists of the parallel usage of the two classical filters. Various implementations are proposed and compared with respect to their behavior and to their computational burden: all time invariant and steady state filters have the same behavior using both proposed models but have different computational burden. Finally, we propose a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) implementation of the Steady State Kalman, and Lainiotis filters, which does not require previous estimations but requires a well-defined set of previous measurements.

Calibrating compartmental models of neurons

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. R93-R98 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Perkel ◽  
B. Mulloney
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Compartmental Models ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Original Matrix ◽  
Systematic Procedure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Voltage Attenuation

Numerical parameters for a compartmental model of a neuron can be chosen to conform both to the neuron's structure and to its measured steady-state electrical properties. A systematic procedure for assigning parameters is described that makes use of the matrix of coefficients of the set of differential equations that embodies the compartmental model. The inverse of this matrix furnishes input resistances and voltage attenuation factors for the model, and an interactive modification of the original matrix and its inverse may be used to fit the model to anatomic and electrical measurements.

scholarly journals Response of a swirl flame to inertial waves

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alp Albayrak ◽  
Deniz A Bezgin ◽  
Wolfgang Polifke
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Finite Impulse Response ◽  
Reactive Flow ◽  
Inertial Waves ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Flame Response ◽  
Inertial Wave ◽  
The Impact

Acoustic waves passing through a swirler generate inertial waves in rotating flow. In the present study, the response of a premixed flame to an inertial wave is scrutinized, with emphasis on the fundamental fluid-dynamic and flame-kinematic interaction mechanism. The analysis relies on linearized reactive flow equations, with a two-part solution strategy implemented in a finite element framework: Firstly, the steady state, low-Mach number, Navier–Stokes equations with Arrhenius type one-step reaction mechanism are solved by Newton’s method. The flame impulse response is then computed by transient solution of the analytically linearized reactive flow equations in the time domain, with mean flow quantities provided by the steady-state solution. The corresponding flame transfer function is retrieved by fitting a finite impulse response model. This approach is validated against experiments for a perfectly premixed, lean, methane-air Bunsen flame, and then applied to a laminar swirling flame. This academic case serves to investigate in a generic manner the impact of an inertial wave on the flame response. The structure of the inertial wave is characterized by modal decomposition. It is shown that axial and radial velocity fluctuations related to the eigenmodes of the inertial wave dominate the flame front modulations. The dispersive nature of the eigenmodes plays an important role in the flame response.

Spin-Off Maneuvers of Flexible Satellite Using PD Based Constant-Amplitude Inputs

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 337-344
Author(s):  
Parman Setyamartana ◽  
Radzuan B. Razali ◽  
Azman Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Input Shaping ◽  
Structural Flexibility ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Constant Amplitude ◽  
The Earth

Spin-off maneuver of a flexible satellite using constant-amplitude thrusters is studied in this paper. The satellite consists of a rigid main body and two symmetrical solar panels. The panels are having structural flexibility and their motions are discretized following the finite element method. Under constant-amplitude thrusts, steady-state attitude angle oscillations may occur in large amplitude after the maneuvers. Since in operation the satellite should point to certain area on the earth precisely, these oscillations of course are not acceptable. To reduce the oscillations, proportional derivative (PD) based constant-amplitude input shaping logic is proposed to determine time locations of thruster switching. Then, under such inputs, spin-downs of the satellite are simulated numerically. Results of simulations indicate that the precise orientation of the satellite can be achieved.

Exact Deadbeat Controller Design From N Impulse Response Samples

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Rink
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Step Response ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Arbitrary Type ◽  
Pi Controllers ◽  
State Tracking ◽  
Time Invariant

A simple method is given for the design of exact deadbeat regulators and PI controllers when only N impulse or step response samples from the process are available. It is required that the process be linear, controllable, observable, time invariant, and that N≥2n, where n is the degree of the process. It is not required that the process be open-loop stable, in distinction with previously-given simple methods. This makes it easy to include any number of integrations in the controller to achieve steady-state tracking properties of arbitrary type.

Can we perform statistical deconvolution by polynomial factorization?

Geophysics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1423-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Ziolkowski ◽  
Evert Slob
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Response ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Polynomial Factorization ◽  
The Earth ◽  
True Source ◽  
Free Case ◽  
Multichannel Seismic Data

We investigate the possibility of finding the source signature from multichannel seismic data by factorization of the Z-transforms of the seismic traces. In the convolutional model of the data, the source signature is the same from trace to trace within a shot gather, while the impulse response of the earth varies. In the noise‐free case, the roots of the Z-transform of the wavelet are the same from trace to trace, while the roots of the Z-transform of the impulse response of the earth must move from trace to trace. It follows that the roots of the wavelet can be found by the invariance of their positions. We demonstrate this using a simple wedge model. No assumptions about the length of the wavelet or the statistical properties of the impulse response of the earth are required. It is shown that this idea cannot work on real seismic data. There are two difficulties which we regard as insuperable. First, even without noise, a seismic trace cannot be regarded as a complete convolution, because the data are always truncated. This causes the factorization to be inexact: the wavelet roots move from trace to trace and are indistinguishable from the roots of the earth’s impulse response. Second, the addition of a small amount of noise alters the root pattern unpredictably from trace to trace and the roots of the wavelet are again indistinguishable from the roots of the earth’s impulse response. We conclude that it is impossible to identify and extract the true source signature from real seismic data using no assumptions about the statistical properties of the impulse response of the earth. We propose that the signature should be measured.

scholarly journals Steady state signatures in the time domain for nonintrusive appliance identification

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1Sup) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Yulieth Jimenez ◽  
Cesar Duarte ◽  
Johann Petit ◽  
Jan Meyer ◽  
Peter Schegner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Stroke Width ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
The Time Domain

<p class="Abstractandkeywordscontent"><span lang="ES-CO"><span><span><span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd-DemiBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Smart Grid paradigm promotes advanced load monitoring applications to support demand side management and energy savings. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring to estimate the individual operation and power consumption of the residential appliances, from single point electrical measurements. This approach takes advantage of signal processing<span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> in order to reduce the hardware effort associated to systems with multiple dedicated sensors. Discriminative characteristics of the <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">appliances, namely load signatures, could be extracted from the transient or steady state electrical signals. In this paper the effect of <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">impact factors that can affect the steady state load signatures under realistic conditions are investigated: the voltage supply distortion, <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">the network impedance and the sampling frequency of the metering equipment. For this purpose, electrical measurements of several <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">residential appliances were acquired and processed to obtain some indices in the time domain. Results include the comparison of<br /><span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">distinct scenarios, and the evaluation of the suitability and discrimination capacity of the steady state information.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></p>

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