scholarly journals Chronic effects of air pollution on lung function after lung transplantation in the Systems prediction of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction (SysCLAD) study

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1600206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Benmerad ◽  
Rémy Slama ◽  
Karine Botturi ◽  
Johanna Claustre ◽  
Antoine Roux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Transplant Recipients

An irreversible loss in lung function limits the long-term success in lung transplantation. We evaluated the role of chronic exposure to ambient air pollution on lung function levels in lung transplant recipients (LTRs).The lung function of 520 LTRs from the Cohort in Lung Transplantation (COLT) study was measured every 6 months. The levels of air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with an aerodynamic cut-off diameter of x µm (PMx) and ozone (O3)) at the patients' home address were averaged in the 12 months before each spirometry test. The effects of air pollutants on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in % predicted were estimated using mixed linear regressions. We assessed the effect modification of macrolide antibiotics in this relationship.Increased 12-month levels of pollutants were associated with lower levels of FVC % pred (−2.56%, 95% CI −3.86–−1.25 for 5 µg·m−3of PM10; −0.75%, 95% CI −1.38–−0.12 for 2 µg·m−3of PM2.5and −2.58%, 95% CI −4.63–−0.53 for 10 µg·m−3of NO2). In patients not taking macrolides, the deleterious association between PM and FVC tended to be stronger and PM10was associated with lower FEV1.Our study suggests a deleterious effect of chronic exposure to air pollutants on lung function levels in LTRs, which might be modified with macrolides.

Ambient air pollution exposure and lung function assessment of filling station attendants in Ibadan, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Toluwanimi Mobolade Oni ◽  
Godson R.E.E. Ana
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Filling Station

Abstract Background There is an increasing range of adverse health effects associated with air pollution at very low concentrations. Few studies have assessed respiratory parameters among filling station attendants. Objectives This study assessed air pollutants; particulate matter (PM10) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) concentrations at filling stations as well as determined forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) levels among filling station attendants. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess PM10 and TVOC concentrations at 20 systematically selected filling stations in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Ibadan for 2 months using a Thermo Scientific pDR 1500 PM10 monitor and SF2000-TVOC meter. FEV1 and PEFR levels were measured in order to assess the effect of exposure to PM10 and TVOC on lung function of 100 filling station attendants using a PIKO-1 Electronic peakflow/FEV1 meter. Results Total mean PM10 concentrations (μg/m3) in the morning (43.7±16.5) and afternoon (27.8±7.9) were significantly lower (p<0.01) than the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limit (50 μg/m3). Total mean TVOC concentrations (ppm) in the morning (12.0±3.4) and afternoon (5.6±2.4) were however significantly higher (p<0.01) than the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guideline limit (3 ppm). Mean FEV1 for filling station attendants was 1.63±0.39 and PEFR was 171.7±45.9. Conclusion Filling stations are hotspots for the emission of VOCs and PM10. However, filling station attendants in this study are at risk of exposure to high concentrations of VOCs but not PM10. FEV1 and PEFR values among filling station attendants were very low which could possibly be attributed to extended exposure to air pollutants. Regular medical examinations should also be conducted on filling station attendants in order to aid early detection of deviations in their health status.

scholarly journals Adult lung function and long-term air pollution exposure. ESCAPE: a multicentre cohort study and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Adam ◽  
Tamara Schikowski ◽  
Anne Elie Carsin ◽  
Yutong Cai ◽  
Benedicte Jacquemin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Pollution Effects

The chronic impact of ambient air pollutants on lung function in adults is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with lung function in adult participants from five cohorts in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE).Residential exposure to nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOx) and particulate matter (PM) was modelled and traffic indicators were assessed in a standardised manner. The spirometric parameters forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) from 7613 subjects were considered as outcomes. Cohort-specific results were combined using meta-analysis.We did not observe an association of air pollution with longitudinal change in lung function, but we observed that a 10 μg·m−3 increase in NO2 exposure was associated with lower levels of FEV1 (−14.0 mL, 95% CI −25.8 to −2.1) and FVC (−14.9 mL, 95% CI −28.7 to −1.1). An increase of 10 μg·m−3 in PM10, but not other PM metrics (PM2.5, coarse fraction of PM, PM absorbance), was associated with a lower level of FEV1 (−44.6 mL, 95% CI −85.4 to −3.8) and FVC (−59.0 mL, 95% CI −112.3 to −5.6). The associations were particularly strong in obese persons.This study adds to the evidence for an adverse association of ambient air pollution with lung function in adults at very low levels in Europe.

Long-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Lung Function

Epidemiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 690-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Götschi ◽  
Joachim Heinrich ◽  
Jordi Sunyer ◽  
Nino Künzli
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Impact of Air Pollution on Lung Function among Preadolescent Children in Two Cities in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2375
Author(s):  
Piotr Dąbrowiecki ◽  
Łukasz Adamkiewicz ◽  
Dominika Mucha ◽  
Piotr Oskar Czechowski ◽  
Mateusz Soliński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Allergic Symptoms ◽  
The Baltic

Ambient air pollution impairs lung development in children, particularly in industrialized areas. The air quality in Zabrze, a city located in the Upper Silesian Industrial Region of Poland, is among the worst in Europe. We compared lung function and the frequency of respiratory or allergic symptoms between children living in Zabrze and those living in Gdynia, a city on the Baltic coast, which has the best long-term air quality in Poland. We enrolled children aged 9–15 years from both cities who were able to perform a spirometry. The following spirometry variables were measured for all participants: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume during the first second of expiration (FEV1), FEV1/FVC index, and peak expiratory flow (PEF). The frequencies of respiratory or allergic symptoms were taken from a survey completed by the participants’ parents. In total, 258 children from Gdynia and 512 children from Zabrze were examined. The mean values of FVC, FEV1, and PEF were significantly greater among children in Gdynia than those reported in Zabrze (p ≤ 0.032), and the frequencies of seasonal rhinorrhea (p = 0.015) or coughing episodes (p = 0.022) were significantly higher in Zabrze than in Gdynia. In conclusion, lung function was significantly impaired in children living in Zabrze, an area which is associated with poor air quality. Strategies to improve air quality in the Silesia region are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Blood Pressure Among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Huang ◽  
Jingyuan Chen ◽  
Yiping Yang ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Zhijun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term

Background Previous studies have investigated the association of ambient air pollution with blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents, however, the results are not consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the relationship between short‐term and long‐term ambient air pollutant exposure with BP values among children and adolescents. Methods and Results We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase before September 6, 2020. Two reviewers independently searched and selected studies, extracted data, and assessed study quality. The studies were divided into groups by composition of air pollutants (NO 2 , particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤10 μm or ≤2.5 μm) and length of exposure. The beta regression coefficients (β) and their 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the strength of the effect with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in air pollutants. Out of 36 650 articles, 14 articles were included in this meta‐analysis. The meta‐analysis showed short‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.267; 95% CI, 0.033‒0.501) was significantly associated with elevated systolic BP values. In addition, long‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (β=1.809; 95% CI, 0.962‒2.655), PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.526; 95% CI, 0.095‒0.958), and NO 2 (β=0.754; 95% CI, 0.541‒0.968) were associated with systolic BP values and long‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (β=0.931; 95% CI, 0.157‒1.705), and PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.378; 95% CI, 0.022‒0.735) was associated with diastolic BP. Conclusions Our study indicates that both short‐term and long‐term exposure to some ambient air pollutants may increase BP values among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Association Between Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Change in Quantitatively Assessed Emphysema and Lung Function

JAMA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 322 (6) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Carrie Pistenmaa Aaron ◽  
Jaime Madrigano ◽  
Eric A. Hoffman ◽  
Elsa Angelini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution

scholarly journals The effects of air pollution on the frequency of respiratory symptoms in the population of Nis and Niska Banja

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Stankovic ◽  
Dragana Nikic ◽  
Maja Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Low Concentrations

Introduction. Ambient air pollution, particularly in densely populated urban areas, is a major risk factor for the health of the exposed population. The respiratory tract is the primary target for air pollutants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of respiratory symptoms and diseases. Material and methods. Measurements of air pollutants: sulphur dioxide and soot particles, were carried out daily at the Institute of Public Health in Nis at two locations, in Nis and in Niska Banja, during the period 1999-2003. The Air Quality Index was calculated for both areas. The investigation included 654 women, nonsmokers, between 20-30 years of age, from two areas with different levels of common air pollutants. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases was determined on the basis of a modified WHO standard questionnaire completed by doctors. Results. The obtained results show that examinees from Nis had a statistically higher prevalence of some respiratory symptoms (cough with cold and phlegm) whereas women from Niska Banja had a statistically significantly higher prevalence of lower respiratory tract diseases. Conclusion. Long-term exposure to low concentrations of air pollutants is a contributing factor to the development of respiratory symptoms and diseases.

Abstract P067: Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence: A Time Series Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhang Xu ◽  
Donghuui Duan ◽  
Dingyun You ◽  
Jiaying Xu ◽  
Xiaoqi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants

Introduction: Epidemiological evidence on long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence are sparse, and the results are contradictory. Hypothesis: We performed a time-series analysis to investigate potential association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and T2D incidence in the Chinese population. Methods: Monthly time-series data between 2008-2015 on ambient air pollutants and incident T2D were obtained from the Environment Monitoring Center of Ningbo and the Chronic Disease Surveillance System of Ningbo. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of incident T2D per 10 μg/m 3 increase in ambient air pollutants were estimated from Poisson generalized additive models and adjusted for month, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure and wind speed. This model was combined with a distributed lag non-linear model to determine the relative risks. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measure was T2D incidence. Results: Long-term exposure to particulate matter <10 μm (PM10) and Sulphur dioxide (SO2) were associated with increased T2D incidence. The relative risks (RRs) of each increment in 10 μg/m 3 of PM10 and SO2 were 1.62 (95%CI, 1.16 to 2.28) and 1.63 (95%CI, 1.12 to 2.38) for overall participants, 1.56 (95%CI, 1.12 to 2.17) and 1.59 (95%CI, 1.14 to 2.23) for males, 1.68 (95%CI, 1.15 to 2.44) and 1.76 (95%CI, 1.21 to 2.56) for females, respectively. Whereas for ozone (O3) exposure, the RRs were 0.78 (95%CI, 0.68 to 0.90) for overall participants, 0.78 (95%CI, 0.69 to 0.90) for males, and 0.78 (95%CI, 0.67 to 0.91) for females, respectively. Female participants were more prone to develop T2D after long-term exposed to ambient air pollutants than male counterparts. No statistically significant associations were observed for PM2.5, NO2, and CO exposures, nor in the two- and three-pollutant models. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM10 and SO2 is positively associated with T2D incidence, whereas O3 is negatively associated with T2D incidence.

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