scholarly journals Simultaneous visualization by light microscopy of two pituitary hormones in a single tissue section using a combination of indirect immunohistochemical methods.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
G T Campbell ◽  
A S Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
Secondary Antibodies ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Two indirect methods involving enzyme-labeled antibodies were used to demonstrate simultaneously two distinct tissue antigens in the same histologic section without a need for antigen-antibody dissociative procedures. Sections of rat pituitary gland were incubated with rabbit anti-rat luteinizing hormone followed by goat anti-rabbit gamma-globulin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. The same sections were then further incubated with monkey anti-rat growth hormone followed by goat anti-monkey gamma-globulin conjugated to glucose oxidase. Antigenic luteinizing hormone was subsequently localized with hydrogen peroxide-3,3'-diaminobenzidine as substrate for peroxidase, and growth hormone was localized with a glucose-phenazine methosulfate-nitroblue tetrazolium mixture as a substrate for glucose oxidase. The method relies on the availability of specific primary antibodies raised in different animal species in addition to corresponding specific secondary antibodies linked covalently to separate enzymes.

Regarding the validity of the endpoint response of the mouse (McKenzie) bioassay for thyrotrophin (TSH)

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin Ching
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract. The release of radiolabelled thyroid hormone into the circulation in low iodine fed mice has been used extensively as a bioassay for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). However, the specificity of several bioassays of pituitary hormones have been subject to question. Consequently, the validity of the assay endpoint for TSH in the mouse was re-evaluated with respect to the effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) whose chemical composition closely resembles that of TSH. Mice, prepared for bioassay of TSH received injections of purified LH or α or β subunits of LH. Identical doses of LH and LH subunits were quantified by LH and TSH radioimmunoassays and the results compared with those obtained by the bioassay. Microgram quantities of LH and subunits of LH elicited appreciable responses in the TSH bioassay but produced only negligible effects in the TSH radioimmunoassay. The response of the TSH bioassay of LH and α or β subunits of LH was 40–56% that obtained with LH radioimmunoassay. However, the pituitary concentrations obtained by TSH bioassay when compared with those obtained by radioimmunoassays for TSH, LH, or growth hormone (GH) paralleled closely the TSH radioimmunoassay data, although in terms of quantitative estimates, there was a 15-fold discrepancy between the TSH assays. Estimations of pituitary concentrations of LH lead to the conclusion that, at the doses normally employed, most crude rat pituitary extracts do not contain sufficient quantities of LH to alter significantly bioassayable (McKenzie) estimates of TSH.

Immunoreactive Rat Growth Hormone: Physiological Variations in Serum and Urine

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel L. Garay ◽  
Julio M. Martin ◽  
Hans K. Åkerblom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
Physiological Variations ◽  
Serum Gh ◽  
Serum And Urine

Immunoreactive rat growth hormone (GH) in serum and urine was measured by a double antibody procedure. Anti-rat growth hormone (anti-RGH) serum was obtained from chickens immunized with three successive 0.25 mg doses of the hormone antigen. Standard amounts of RGH incubated with rat serum were recovered quantitatively. The assay can be used for the determination of GH in rat pituitary extracts as well as for the measurement of hormone secreted from incubated pituitaries. Serum GH concentrations were determined in eight male and 11 female Wistar rats under five different physiological conditions, which were produced in each animal at weekly intervals. GH concentrations in the serum of overnight fasted and ether anesthetized rats were 7.8 ± 2.4 in males and 5.3 ± 0.7 ng/ml in females. Normal feeding or prolonged (48 h) starvation did not significantly alter serum GH in either sex. Exercising for 20 min decreased the serum GH in males to 1.9 ± 0.3 ng/ml and in females to 3.9 ± 0.4 ng/ml. When blood samples were obtained without ether anesthesia GH concentrations were not changed in overnight fasted males (10.2 ± 2.2 ng/ml) and were elevated in females (7.8 ± 0.5 ng/ml). A dialyzable substance, present in the urine of normal rats, interferes with the GH immunoreaction. However, GH was detected in the dialyzed urine of hypersomatotropic rats. These animals had greatly elevated circulating GH due to the pituitary tumor MtT-W15.

Panhypopituitarism

2019 ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Diane Donegan ◽  
Irina Bancos
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Oral Ectoderm ◽  
Neural Ectoderm

Hypopituitarism is defined as a deficiency in 1 or more pituitary hormones. The pituitary gland is composed of the anterior pituitary, which originates from an invagination of the oral ectoderm and forms the Rathke pouch, and the posterior pituitary, which is derived from the neural ectoderm of the diencephalon. The anterior pituitary is composed of 5 types of hormone-producing cells: Somatotrophs produce growth hormone; gonadotrophs, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone; thyrotrophs, thyrotropin; 4 lactotrophs, prolactin; and corticotrophs, corticotropin. Identification of hypopituitarism is important because of its association with premature death due to respiratory and cardiovascular complications.

Differential Implication of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation in Rat Prolactin and Rat Growth Hormone Gene Expressions: A Comparison between Rat Pituitary Cell Strains*

Endocrinology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN-NOEL LAVERRIERE ◽  
MARC MULLER ◽  
NICOLE BUISSON ◽  
CLAUDE TOUGARD ◽  
ANDREE TIXIER-VIDAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Pituitary Cell ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Cell Strains

scholarly journals Pituitary Hormones (FSH, LH, PRL, and GH) Differentially Regulate AQP5 Expression in Porcine Ovarian Follicular Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skowronski ◽  
Mlotkowska ◽  
Tanski ◽  
Lepiarczyk ◽  
Kempisty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Perinuclear Region ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Aqp5 Expression ◽  
Aqp5 Protein

This study aimed to examine the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH) on Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) expression in granulosa (Gc) and theca cells (Tc) from medium (MF) and large (LF) ovarian follicles of pigs. The results showed that GH significantly decreased the expression of AQP5 in Gc from MF in relation to the control. In the Gc of large follicles, PRL stimulated the expression of AQP5. However, the increased expression of AQP5 in the Tc of LF was indicated by GH and PRL in relation to the control. A significantly higher expression of the AQP5 protein in the Gc from MF and LF was indicated by FSH and PRL. In co-cultures, an increased expression of AQP5 was observed in the Gc from LF incubated with LH, PRL, and GH. A significantly increased expression of AQP5 was also observed in co-cultures of Tc from all type of follicles incubated with LH, whereas PRL stimulated the expression of AQP5 in Tc from MF. Moreover, AQP5 protein expression increased in the co-culture isolated from MF and LF after treatment with FSH, LH, PRL, and GH. AQP5 immunoreactivity was observed in the cytoplasm, mainly in the perinuclear region and endosomes, as well as in the cell membranes of Gc and Tc from the LF and MF.

Proteolytic degradation of rat growth hormone-releasing factor(1–29) amide in rat pituitary and hypothalamus

1993 ◽  
Vol 616 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luce Boulanger ◽  
Claude Lazure ◽  
Louise Lefrançois ◽  
Pierrette Gaudreau
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Proteolytic Degradation ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Factor ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Rat Growth

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF TISSUE ANTIGENS ON THE ULTRATHIN SECTIONS WITH PEROXIDASE-LABELED ANTIBODY METHOD

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
YASUYUKI KAWARAI ◽  
PAUL K. NAKANE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Secretion Granules ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

Peroxidase-labeled antibody method was used to localize tissue antigens directly on ultrathin sections. For the demonstration of the method, luteinizing hormone, growth hormone and prolactin were localized on ultrathin sections of methacrylate-embedded anterior pituitary gland of the rat. The hormones were localized in secretion granules and in endoplasmic reticulum, but not in nucleus or mitochondria. This approach totally eliminates the problem of penetration of antisera through tissues and permits better immunologically controlled experiments by using serially sectioned materials.

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