scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF TISSUE ANTIGENS ON THE ULTRATHIN SECTIONS WITH PEROXIDASE-LABELED ANTIBODY METHOD

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
YASUYUKI KAWARAI ◽  
PAUL K. NAKANE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Secretion Granules ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

Peroxidase-labeled antibody method was used to localize tissue antigens directly on ultrathin sections. For the demonstration of the method, luteinizing hormone, growth hormone and prolactin were localized on ultrathin sections of methacrylate-embedded anterior pituitary gland of the rat. The hormones were localized in secretion granules and in endoplasmic reticulum, but not in nucleus or mitochondria. This approach totally eliminates the problem of penetration of antisera through tissues and permits better immunologically controlled experiments by using serially sectioned materials.

APPLICATION OF PEROXIDASE-LABELLED ANTIBODIES TO THE INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF HORMONES

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (1_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S190-S204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Nakane
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Secretion Granules ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

ABSTRACT Hormones were localized immunoenzymocytochemically at the ultrastructural level directly on ultrathin sections of anterior pituitary glands of rats which had been fixed and embedded in either methacrylate or Epon. GH, LTH, ACTH and LH are best localized on methacrylate embedded glands and GH and LTH on Epon embedded glands. GH and LTH were found in secretion granules, and depending on the activity of the cells, the hormones could be found in the Golgi apparatus and in the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. The grids on which hormones have been localized may also be processed for electron radioautography, an approach particularly useful to study simultaneously substrate uptake as well as product synthesis.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide synthase in the rat anterior pituitary gland and the role of nitric oxide in regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (23) ◽  
pp. 11292-11296 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ceccatelli ◽  
A L Hulting ◽  
X Zhang ◽  
L Gustafsson ◽  
M Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone Release

By using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we have demonstrated that the nitric oxide (NO)-synthesizing enzyme NO synthase is present in gonadotrophs and in folliculo-stellate cells of the anterior pituitary gland of male and female rats. A marked increase in levels of NO synthase protein and mRNA was observed after gonadectomy. In vitro studies on dispersed anterior pituitary cells suggest that NO inhibits gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-stimulated luteinizing hormone release. An inhibitory effect of NO has also been shown on growth-hormone-releasing-hormone-stimulated release of growth hormone [Kato, M. (1992) Endocrinology 131, 2133-2138]. Thus these findings support a dual mechanism for NO in the control of anterior pituitary hormone secretion, an autocrine mediation of luteinizing hormone release on gonadotrophs, and a paracrine effect on growth hormone secretion involving folliculo-stellate cells closely related to somatotrophs. We speculate that NO may participate in producing the pulsatile secretion patterns of these two pituitary hormones.

INFLUENCE OF PINEAL GLAND PRINCIPLES ON GONADOTROPHIN-PRODUCING CELLS OF THE RAT ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND: AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY

1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
F. CLEMENTI ◽  
G. DE VIRGILIIS ◽  
BELA MESS
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ultrastructural Appearance ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARY The effects of the pineal gland on the ultrastructure of pituitary gonadotrophs have been studied. The results of luteinizing hormone (LH) estimations in the same rats have already been reported (Clementi, De Virgiliis, Fraschini & Mess, 1966; Fraschini, Mess & Martini, 1968). It was found that pinealectomy in normal animals greatly increases the pituitary content of gonadotrophins without significantly changing the ultrastructure of gonadotrophs. Pinealectomy in castrated animals did not induce an increase in pituitary gonadotrophin stores above the level found after castration alone; the ultrastructure of the 'castration cells' was also unchanged. Implants of melatonin or of pineal tissue into the median eminence or the reticular formation of the midbrain of castrated animals reduced the pituitary content of LH and, morphologically, the gonadotrophs reverted to a nearly normal state with a reduction in volume of the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum. The relationship between gonadotrophin content and the ultrastructural appearance of the gonadotrophs is discussed.

Posttranscriptional regulation of rat growth hormone gene expression: increased message stability and nuclear polyadenylation accompany thyroid hormone depletion

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2624-2632
Author(s):  
D Murphy ◽  
K Pardy ◽  
V Seah ◽  
D Carter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Gh Gene ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Pituitary Glands

In thyroid hormone-depleted rats, the rate of transcription of the growth hormone (GH) gene in the anterior pituitary gland is lower than the rate in euthyroid controls, and there is a corresponding reduction in the abundance of the GH mRNA. Concomitantly, the poly(A) tail of the GH mRNA increases in length. Examination of nuclear RNA from anterior pituitary glands of control and thyroid hormone-depleted rats revealed no difference in the length of pre-mRNAs containing the first and last introns of the GH gene. However, mature nuclear GH RNA is differentially polyadenylated in euthyroid and hypothyroid animals. We suggest that the extent of polyadenylation of the GH transcript is regulated in the cell nucleus concomitant with or subsequent to the splicing of the pre-mRNA. Experiments with anterior pituitary gland explant cultures demonstrated that the GH mRNA from thyroid hormone-depleted rats is more stable than its euthyroid counterpart and that the poly(A) tail may contribute to the differential stability of free GH ribonucleoproteins.

Discovery of the luteinizing hormone of the anterior pituitary gland

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (5) ◽  
pp. E818-E819 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Maurice Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Luteinizing Hormones ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Classic Paper

This essay looks at the historical significance of an APS classic paper that is freely available online: Fevold HL, Hisaw FL, Leonard SL. The gonad stimulating and the luteinizing hormones of the anterior lobe of the hypophesis. Am J Physiol 97: 291—301, 1931 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/97/2/291 ).

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