scholarly journals Gentiopicroside attenuates diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and NF-κB activation in rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921984783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhang ◽  
En Shi ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Weina Fu ◽  
Feng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Defensive Role

Diabetic retinopathy, an inflammatory condition, is one of the devastating complication associated with diabetes that can lead to irreversible blindness. Gentiopicroside (GP), a secoiridoid glycoside, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The investigation was carried out to explore whether GP could attenuate diabetic retinopathy in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by injecting streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg) intraperitoneally in 8-weeks-old male rats (200–240 g). The treatment group received GP (20, 40, 80 mg/kg) orally for a duration of 10 weeks in diabetic rats (n = 10), and the diabetic group animals received phosphate buffer solution (n = 20). Effect of GP on cell viability study was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediators, and angiogenic factors were quantified in the retinal tissues of diabetic animals. All data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at P < 0.05. Cytoprotective effect of GP was observed in MTT assay. GP effectively downregulated inflammatory cytokine, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1), and upregulated antioxidant markers glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the retina of diabetic rats. GP equilibrated the disturbed angiogenic factors in the diabetic retinal tissues. Results clearly indicated defensive role of GP in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy by inhibition of NF-κB and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Melatonin on Retinal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Jiang ◽  
Qing Chang ◽  
Jiyang Cai ◽  
Jiawen Fan ◽  
Xiaozhe Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress and inflammation are important pathogenic factors contributing to the etiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Melatonin is an endogenous hormone that exhibits a variety of biological effects including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. The goals of this study were to determine whether melatonin could ameliorate retinal injury and to explore the potential mechanisms. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Melatonin (10 mg kg−1daily, i.p.) was administered from the induction of diabetes and continued for up to 12 weeks, after which the animals were sacrificed and retinal samples were collected. The retina of diabetic rats showed depletion of glutathione and downregulation of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL). Melatonin significantly upregulated GCL by retaining Nrf2 in the nucleus and stimulating Akt phosphorylation. The production of proinflammatory cytokines and proteins, including interleukin 1β, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was inhibited by melatonin through the NF-κB pathway. At 12 weeks, melatonin prevented the significant decrease in the ERG a- and b-wave amplitudes under the diabetic condition. Our results suggest potent protective functions of melatonin in diabetic retinopathy. In addition to being a direct antioxidant, melatonin can exert receptor-mediated signaling effects to attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress of the retina.

scholarly journals Fucoidan Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, DNA Damage, and Hepatorenal Injuries in Diabetic Rats Intoxicated with Aflatoxin B1

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Aleissa ◽  
Saad Alkahtani ◽  
Mabrouk Attia Abd Eldaim ◽  
Ali Meawad Ahmed ◽  
Simona G. Bungău ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

The current study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effect of fucoidan against aflatoxicosis-induced hepatorenal toxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sixty-four Wister albino male rats were randomly assigned into eight groups (8 rats each) that received normal saline, fucoidan (FUC) at 100 mg/kg/day orally for 4 weeks, streptozotocin (STZ) at 50 mg/kg/i.p. single dose, STZ plus FUC, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 50 μg/kg/i.p. after one month of the beginning of the experiment for 2 weeks, AFB1 plus FUC, STZ plus AFB1, or STZ plus AFB1 and FUC. Injection of rats with STZ induced hyperglycemia. Rats with STZ-induced diabetes, with or without AFB1 intoxication, had significantly elevated activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, and levels of serum urea, creatinine, cholesterol, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, these rats exhibited increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione concentration and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in the hepatic and renal tissues. In contrast, administration of FUC to diabetic rats, with or without AFB1 intoxication, ameliorated the altered serum parameters, reduced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammatory biomarkers, and enhanced the antioxidant defense system in the hepatic and renal tissues. These results indicated that FUC ameliorated diabetes and AFB1-induced hepatorenal injuries through alleviating oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation.

scholarly journals Fortified Extract of Red Berry,Ginkgo biloba, and White Willow Bark in Experimental Early Diabetic Retinopathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Bucolo ◽  
Giuseppina Marrazzo ◽  
Chiara Bianca Maria Platania ◽  
Filippo Drago ◽  
Gian Marco Leggio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
White Willow ◽  
Willow Bark

Diabetic retinopathy is a complex condition where inflammation and oxidative stress represent crucial pathways in the pathogenesis of the disease. Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a fortified extract of red berries,Ginkgo bilobaand white willow bark containing carnosine andα-lipoic acid in early retinal and plasma changes of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single streptozotocin injection in Sprague Dawley rats. Diabetics and nondiabetic (control) rats were treated daily with the fortified extract for the ten days. Retina samples were collected and analyzed for their TNF-αand VEGF content. Moreover, plasma oxidative stress was evaluated by thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS). Increased TNF-αand VEGF levels were observed in the retina of diabetic rats. Treatment with the fortified extract significantly lowered retinal cytokine levels and suppressed diabetes-related lipid peroxidation. These data demonstrate that the fortified extract attenuates the degree of retinal inflammation and plasma lipid peroxidation preserving the retina in early diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Anticataractogenesis and Antiretinopathy Effects of the Novel Protective Agent Containing the Combined Extract of Mango and Vietnamese Coriander in STZ-Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽  
Paphaphat Thiraphatthanavong ◽  
Wipawee Thukham-mee ◽  
Supaporn Muchimapura ◽  
Panakaporn Wannanond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Mango Seed

The novel protectant against diabetic cataract and diabetic retinopathy is currently required due to the increased prevalence and therapeutic limitation. Based on the advantage of polyphenol on diabetic eye complications, we hypothesized that the combined extract of mango seed Vietnamese coriander (MPO), a polyphenol-rich substance, should possess anticataractogenesis and antiretinopathy in streptozotocin- (STZ-) diabetic rats. MPO at doses of 2, 10, and 50 mg/kg·BW were orally given to STZ-diabetic rats for 10 weeks. Lens opacity was evaluated every week throughout a study period whereas the evaluation of cataract severity and histological changes of both rat lens epithelium and retina together with the biochemical assays of oxidative stress status, aldose reductase, p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and VEGF were performed at the end of experiment. Our data showed that MPO improved cataract and retinopathy in STZ-diabetic rats. The improved oxidative stress status and the decreased p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and VEGF were also observed. Therefore, anticataractogenesis and antiretinopathy of MPO might occur partly via the decreased oxidative stress status and the suppression of aldose reductase, p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and VEGF. This study points out that MPO is the potential candidate protectant against diabetic cataract and diabetic retinopathy. However, the exploration for possible active ingredient (S) still requires further researches.

scholarly journals Oat Attenuation of Hyperglycemia-Induced Retinal Oxidative Stress and NF-B Activation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Diabetic Retina

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of endothelial damage in diabetes. To assess the effect of oat on experimental diabetic retinopathy, five groups of Albino rats were studied: nondiabetic control, untreated diabetic, and diabetic rats treated with 5%, 10%, and 20% (W/W) oat of the diet for 12 weeks. Novel data were obtained in this study indicating a protective role of oat against oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy. The effects of oat on parameters of oxidative stress, AGE, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) were assessed by ELISA and NF-B activation by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also determined. After 12 weeks of diabetes, oat treatment reduced blood glucose levels, HbA1c, all oxidative stress markers, CML, normalized NF-B activation and TNF expression. Furthermore it reduced VEGF in the diabetic retina by 43% (). In conclusion, oat modulates microvascular damage through normalized pathways downstream of ROS overproduction and reduction of NF-B and its controlled genes activation, which may provide additional endothelial protection.

A rapid fixation method for transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy using microwave irradiation

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 760-761
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Masumi Nozaki ◽  
Nobuhiko Honda ◽  
Hiroyuki Kato ◽  
Ying Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Microwave Fixation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Recently, the validity of microwave irradiation (MWI) for electron microscopy has attracted special interest especially in Japan. Recently, we developed a new maceration method for scanning electron microscopy (microwave maceration) and a rapid polymerization method for tissue embedding using epoxy resin (microwave polymerization). Concerning the tissue fixations using MWI (microwave fixation), there are many problems which are not yet clear. In this study, we intend to reveal the effectiveness and mechanism of microwave fixation for scanning and transmission electron mi c roscopy.Liver and trachea taken from Wistar strain male rats were used in this experiment. The fresh livers and tracheae were cut into small pieces and microwave irradiated using a microwave processor (H2500, Bio-Rad) for 1 or 3 min in 2.5% g1utara 1dehyde (GL) bufferized fixatives regulated at pH 7.3 with 0.1M phosphate buffer solution. To prevent the rising of temperature during MWI, specially designed metal case containing water and ice was used (Fig.1).

scholarly journals Ginger Ingredients Alleviate Diabetic Prostatic Complications: Effect on Oxidative Stress and Fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma G. Eid ◽  
Hala Mosli ◽  
Atif Hasan ◽  
Hany M. El-Bassossy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

Prostatic complications are common in patients with diabetes. This study investigated the effect of different ginger ingredients: zingerone, geraniol, and 6-gingerol on the prostate in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin intraperitoneal injection (50 mg/kg), and the rats were left for 10 weeks to develop prostatic complications. In diabetic treated groups, rats received daily oral zingerone, geraniol, and 6-gingerol in doses of 20, 200, and 75 mg/kg, respectively, in the last 8 weeks. Treatment with the compounds caused changes in the ventral prostate of diabetic animals as indicated by the columnar ductal epithelium and dense secretions. There was an amelioration of oxidative stress as evidenced by the lowering of prostate malondialdehyde and elevating prostate oxidized to reduced glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratios by geraniol and 6-gingerol. None of the three ginger ingredients affected the hyperglycemia, reduction in body weight gain, and testosterone deficiency seen in diabetic animals. Interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 levels remained unchanged. However, zingerone and geraniol ameliorated the fibrosis in diabetic prostate through suppressing the elevated prostate transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) and collagen IV. Therefore, ginger ingredients could be beneficial in alleviating diabetic prostatic complications through suppressing oxidative stress and tissue fibrosis.

scholarly journals Cellular Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Swelling, Permeability and Cytochrome-C Level After (Fe3o4)-Nps Nanoparticles Exposure and Protective Role of Diferuloylmethane in Rats Liver

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-154
Author(s):  
Zina Bouteraa ◽  
Rachid Rouabhi ◽  
Fouad Menaceur ◽  
Salim Gasmi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Swelling ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis ◽  
Cyt C

AbstractDuring recent years the defensive role of diferuloylmethane against oxidative stress and apoptosis has been experimentally documented. Fe3O4-NPs can cause cellular death by inducing oxidative stress. Present study aimed to investigate whether diferuloylmethane could protect rats mitochondria against Fe3O4-NPs intoxication. Twenty adult male rats were randomly chosen and divided into four groups: control; treated with 10 mg/kg/d of Fe3O4-NPs; treated with diferuloylmethane at the dose 20 ml/kg/d; treated with Fe3O4-NPs (10 mg/kg/d) and diferuloylmethane (20 ml/kg/d) respectively for 28 days. The results showed that Fe3O4-NPs increased the Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid peroxidation, mit-GSH (Glutathione), mit-CAT (Catalase), mit-GST (Glutathione S-transferase) and decreased mit-GPx (Glutathione peroxidase), with increased in mitochondrial swelling and permeability followed by the increasing level of plasmatic Cyt-c. The addition of diferuloylmethane (DFM) to these samples reduces or corrects the amount of the most of biomarkers. These findings have demonstrated that DFM can act as an antioxidant and antiapoptotic factor against damages induced by Fe3O4-NPs.

scholarly journals Bitter Gourd Honey Ameliorates Hepatic and Renal Diabetic Complications on Type 2 Diabetes Rat Models by Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2872
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar Arigela ◽  
Giribabu Nelli ◽  
Siew Hua Gan ◽  
Kuttulebbai Nainamohamed Salam Sirajudeen ◽  
Kumarathevan Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Apoptotic Effects

Honey has several pharmacological effects, including anti-diabetic activity. However, the effectiveness of bitter gourd honey (BGH) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties of BGH on the kidney and liver of a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model. Methods: A single dose (nicotinamide 110 mg/kg, streptozotocin (STZ) 55 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) was used to induce DM in male rats. For 28 days, normal or diabetic rats were administered 1 g/kg/day and 2 g/kg/day of BGH orally. After the treatment, blood, liver, and kidney samples were collected and analysed for biochemical, histological, and molecular parameters. In addition, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to identify the major bioactive components in BGH. Results: The administration of BGH to diabetic rats resulted in significant reductions in alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and urea levels. Diabetic rats treated with BGH showed lesser pathophysiological alterations in the liver and kidney as compared to non-treated control rats. BGH-treated diabetic rats exhibited reduced levels of oxidative stress (MDA levels), inflammatory (MYD88, NFKB, p-NFKB, IKKβ), and apoptotic (caspase-3) markers, as well as higher levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) in the liver and kidney. BGH contains many bioactive compounds that may have antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Conclusion: BGH protected the liver and kidney in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis-induced damage. As a result, BGH can be used as a potential therapy to ameliorate diabetic complications.

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