scholarly journals Fucoidan Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, DNA Damage, and Hepatorenal Injuries in Diabetic Rats Intoxicated with Aflatoxin B1

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Aleissa ◽  
Saad Alkahtani ◽  
Mabrouk Attia Abd Eldaim ◽  
Ali Meawad Ahmed ◽  
Simona G. Bungău ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

The current study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effect of fucoidan against aflatoxicosis-induced hepatorenal toxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sixty-four Wister albino male rats were randomly assigned into eight groups (8 rats each) that received normal saline, fucoidan (FUC) at 100 mg/kg/day orally for 4 weeks, streptozotocin (STZ) at 50 mg/kg/i.p. single dose, STZ plus FUC, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 50 μg/kg/i.p. after one month of the beginning of the experiment for 2 weeks, AFB1 plus FUC, STZ plus AFB1, or STZ plus AFB1 and FUC. Injection of rats with STZ induced hyperglycemia. Rats with STZ-induced diabetes, with or without AFB1 intoxication, had significantly elevated activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, and levels of serum urea, creatinine, cholesterol, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, these rats exhibited increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione concentration and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in the hepatic and renal tissues. In contrast, administration of FUC to diabetic rats, with or without AFB1 intoxication, ameliorated the altered serum parameters, reduced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammatory biomarkers, and enhanced the antioxidant defense system in the hepatic and renal tissues. These results indicated that FUC ameliorated diabetes and AFB1-induced hepatorenal injuries through alleviating oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation.

scholarly journals Gentiopicroside attenuates diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and NF-κB activation in rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921984783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhang ◽  
En Shi ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Weina Fu ◽  
Feng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Defensive Role

Diabetic retinopathy, an inflammatory condition, is one of the devastating complication associated with diabetes that can lead to irreversible blindness. Gentiopicroside (GP), a secoiridoid glycoside, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The investigation was carried out to explore whether GP could attenuate diabetic retinopathy in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by injecting streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg) intraperitoneally in 8-weeks-old male rats (200–240 g). The treatment group received GP (20, 40, 80 mg/kg) orally for a duration of 10 weeks in diabetic rats (n = 10), and the diabetic group animals received phosphate buffer solution (n = 20). Effect of GP on cell viability study was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediators, and angiogenic factors were quantified in the retinal tissues of diabetic animals. All data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at P < 0.05. Cytoprotective effect of GP was observed in MTT assay. GP effectively downregulated inflammatory cytokine, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1), and upregulated antioxidant markers glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the retina of diabetic rats. GP equilibrated the disturbed angiogenic factors in the diabetic retinal tissues. Results clearly indicated defensive role of GP in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy by inhibition of NF-κB and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Roles of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in Improving the Impact of High Dietary Intake of Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Liver Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, Genotoxicity, DNA Damage, and PCNA Alterations in Male Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarfa Albrahim ◽  
Manal Abdulaziz Binobead
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
The Impact

It is common for food to be made more palatable through the use of the flavour enhancer monosodium glutamate, also known as vetsin powder. The purpose of the study described in this paper was to explore how vetsin-induced hepatic toxicity, DNA fragmentation, damage, and oxidative stress modifications could be mitigated with moringa leaf extract (MLE). To that end, 40 male rats were separated into four groups: normal control, positive control or MLE, vetsin, and vetsin combined with MLE. Results indicated that, compared to the control group, the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), DNA damage, injury, PCNA, and P53 expressions were significantly enhanced by the administration of vetsin (P<0.05). However, the vetsin group had significantly reduced levels of albumin, globulin, total protein, liver glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), catalase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities (P<0.05) by comparison to control. Meanwhile, modifications in liver functions, oxidative stress, DNA damage, liver injury, and PCNA expression were alleviated when vetsin was administered alongside MLE. The authors conclude that vetsin may have many side effects and that MLE can ameliorate biochemical changes, oxidative stress, hepatic injury, PCNA, and P53 alterations induced by vetsin administration.

scholarly journals Toxic Effects of Trazodone on Male Reproductive System via Disrupting Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis and Inducing Testicular Oxidative Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Ilgın ◽  
Gözde Aydoğan-Kılıç ◽  
Merve Baysal ◽  
Volkan Kılıç ◽  
Mina Ardıç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage

Depression and anxiety are recognized as public health problems. Epidemiological studies have shown that depression and anxiety often occur during reproductive ages between 20 and 60 years of age in males. Trazodone is one of the most frequently prescribed drugs in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Drugs used in repeated doses also play a role in the etiology of infertility. In our study, it was aimed to identify the possible toxic effects of trazodone on male rats and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Vehicle or trazodone (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day) was administered to rats for 28 consecutive days (n=8 per group). At the end of that period, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and DNA damage were determined and testicular morphology was assessed histopathologically in rats. Additionally, we investigated hormonal status by determining serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels and oxidative stress by determining glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in testicular tissue to elucidate mechanisms of possible reproductive toxicity. According to our results, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and normal sperm morphology were decreased; sperm DNA damage was increased in trazodone-administered groups. Degenerative findings on the testicular structure were observed after trazodone administration in rats. Additionally, serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels were elevated in the trazodone-administered groups. Increased MDA levels were the signs of enhanced oxidative stress after trazodone administration in testis tissues. Thus, we concluded that trazodone induced reproductive toxicity in male rats; this reproductive toxicity was accompanied by oxidative stress and hormonal changes, which are considered as important causes of reproductive disorders.

scholarly journals Effects of enalapril and paricalcitol treatment on diabetic nephropathy and renal expressions of TNF-α, P53, Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in STZ-induced diabetic rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama M. Ahmed ◽  
Tarek M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel Gaid ◽  
Ahmed A. Elberry
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Tnf Α

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the renopreventive effect of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), enalapril, and/or vitamin D receptor (VDR) activator, paricalcitol, on streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes-induced nephropathy and to elucidate the mechanisms of action through investigation of the effects on renal oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system and expressions of TNF-α, P53, caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Diabetes mellitus was induced in fasting male Wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg /kg b.w.) dissolved in citrate buffer pH 4.5. Ten days after STZ injection, the diabetic rats were treated with enalapril (25 mg/l of drinking water) and/or paricalcitol (8 µg/kg b.w.per os) dissolved in 5% DMSO daily for 4 weeks. The obtained data revealed that the treatment of diabetic Wistar rats with enalapril and/or paricalcitol led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum urea, uric acid, creatinine and sodium, potassium levels; thereby reflecting improvement of the impaired kidney function. The deteriorated kidney lipid peroxidation, GSH content and GST and catalase activities in diabetic rats were significantly ameliorated as a result of treatment with enalapril and/or paricalcitol. The elevated fasting and post-prandial serum glucose levels and the lowered serum insulin and C-peptide levels were also improved. Moreover, the treatment of diabetic rats successfully prevented the diabetes-induced histopathological deleterious changes of kidney and islets of Langerhans of pancreas. In association, the immunohistochemically detected pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and apoptotic mediators P53 and caspase-3 were remarkably decreased in kidney of diabetic rats as a result of treatment, while the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was increased. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that enalapril and paricalcitol can prevent STZ diabetes-induced nephropathy though amelioration of the glycemic state and antioxidant defense system together with the suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.

Synthesis, Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Nigella sativa Seeds and Study Their Effects on the Serum Lipid Profile and DNA Damage on the Rats’ Blood Treated with Hydrogen Peroxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Zainab Sattar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

This study was aimed to produce silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Nigella sativa, also to investigate the effects of green synthesized Nigella sativa seeds silver nanoparticles on dyslipidemia and DNA fragmentation in hydrogen peroxide-exposed rats. The produced Nigella sativa seeds silver nanoparticles were characterized through Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) style, and Scanning Electron Microscope was used to investigate the morphology and size of synthesized Nigella sativa seeds silver nanoparticles. Forty adults male rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups and daily  had been remedying for two months as followings:  G1 group (Control), G2 group, rats in this group were received tap water containing 1%  H2O2, animals in G3 and G4 groups were injected IP  Nigella sativa seeds silver nanoparticles 25 and 50 mg/kg B.W., respectively, and received ordinary tap water containing 1% H2O2 , and G5 group, animals in this group were injected IP  Nigella sativa seeds extract  50 mg/kg B.W. and received ordinary tap water containing 1% H2O2. Blood samples collected after one and two months of the experiment from each animal for DNA fragmentation measurements and serum estimated lipid profile.The results receded a case of dyslipidemia,  as well  significant elevation in DNA damage in G4 and G2 groups The results also confirmed the hypolipidemic and cytoprotective effect of Nigella sativa seeds extract (G5 group) and silver nanoparticles as25mg/kg B.W (group G3) clarified by correction of dyslipidemia, alongside significant alleviation in DNA damage. In conclusion, the results in the current study effectsof Nigella sativa seeds silver nanoparticles at high dose and documents the ameliorative effect of Nigella sativaseeds extract and Nigella sativa seeds silver nanoparticles on lipid profile and DNA damage.

scholarly journals Ginger Ingredients Alleviate Diabetic Prostatic Complications: Effect on Oxidative Stress and Fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma G. Eid ◽  
Hala Mosli ◽  
Atif Hasan ◽  
Hany M. El-Bassossy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

Prostatic complications are common in patients with diabetes. This study investigated the effect of different ginger ingredients: zingerone, geraniol, and 6-gingerol on the prostate in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin intraperitoneal injection (50 mg/kg), and the rats were left for 10 weeks to develop prostatic complications. In diabetic treated groups, rats received daily oral zingerone, geraniol, and 6-gingerol in doses of 20, 200, and 75 mg/kg, respectively, in the last 8 weeks. Treatment with the compounds caused changes in the ventral prostate of diabetic animals as indicated by the columnar ductal epithelium and dense secretions. There was an amelioration of oxidative stress as evidenced by the lowering of prostate malondialdehyde and elevating prostate oxidized to reduced glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratios by geraniol and 6-gingerol. None of the three ginger ingredients affected the hyperglycemia, reduction in body weight gain, and testosterone deficiency seen in diabetic animals. Interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 levels remained unchanged. However, zingerone and geraniol ameliorated the fibrosis in diabetic prostate through suppressing the elevated prostate transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) and collagen IV. Therefore, ginger ingredients could be beneficial in alleviating diabetic prostatic complications through suppressing oxidative stress and tissue fibrosis.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of kaempferol, a flavonoid, on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Redox Report ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid S. Al-Numair ◽  
Govindasamy Chandramohan ◽  
Chinnadurai Veeramani ◽  
Mohammed A. Alsaif
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Taurine and pioglitazone attenuate diabetes-induced testicular damage by abrogation of oxidative stress and up-regulation of the pituitary–gonadal axis

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaa M. Abd El-Twab ◽  
Hanaa M. Mohamed ◽  
Ayman M. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with impairment of testicular function. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects and the possible mechanisms of taurine and pioglitazone against diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Both normal and diabetic rats received taurine (100 mg/kg) or pioglitazone (10 mg/kg) orally and daily for 6 weeks. Diabetic rats showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in glycosylated hemoglobin, glucose, homeostasis model of insulin resistance, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Serum insulin, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly (P < 0.001) decreased in diabetic rats. Taurine and pioglitazone alleviated hyperglycemia, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased circulating levels of insulin, testosterone, LH, and FSH. Gene and protein expression of LH and FSH receptors and cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17) was significantly (P < 0.001) down-regulated in testes of diabetic rats, an effect which was significantly increased after administration of taurine and pioglitazone. In addition, taurine and pioglitazone significantly decreased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, and enhanced activity of the antioxidant enzymes in testes of diabetic rats. In conclusion, taurine and pioglitazone exerted protective effects against diabetes-induced testicular damage through attenuation of hyperglycemia, inflammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage, and up-regulation of the pituitary/gonadal axis.

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