scholarly journals THE HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF NUCLEASE ACTIVITY WITH FILMS OF SOLUBLE RIBONUCLEIC ACID AND POLYADENYLIC ACID

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. DAOUST ◽  
R. MORAIS
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Nuclease Activity ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Polyadenylic Acid ◽  
Normal Rat

Films of soluble ribonucleic acid (sRNA) and polyadenylic acid (poly-A) were used to investigate the distribution of nuclease activity in normal rat tissues. The reactions obtained with films of sRNA were similar to those previously observed with standard RNA and both substrates apparently reveal the same group of nucleases. On the other hand, the distribution of enzyme activity shown by films of poly-A differed markedly from that observed with RNA films, and it appears that films of poly-A demonstrate a different group of nucleases.

scholarly journals Effect of phytoplasma infection on the activity of peroxidase, β-1,3 glucanase and chitinase in corn plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-198
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Bruno Junqueira ◽  
Ivan Paulo Bedendo ◽  
Sérgio Florentino Pascholati
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dalbulus Maidis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Phytoplasma Infection ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Maize Bushy Stunt Phytoplasma ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
Corn Hybrid

In the present work we studied the effect of inoculating corn plants with the maize bushy stunt phytoplasma on the activity of the enzymes peroxidase, β-1,3 glucanase and chitinase. The experiments were carried out inside a greenhouse. Plants of a resistant and a susceptible corn hybrid were inoculated by using infective Dalbulus maidis leafhoppers 10 days after sowing. When symptoms started to appear, leaf samples were collected at different periods to quantify enzyme activity. The results showed an increase in the activity of the three enzymes in inoculated plants of both hybrids. In general, the values observed for the level of the different enzymes were higher in the susceptible hybrid when compared to the resistant one. Thus, the increases in peroxidase, β-1,3 glucanase and chitinase levels in inoculated plants are evidence of changes in the host metabolism caused by the phytoplasma. On the other hand, since the increases could not be correlated with plant resistance further studies are needed to explain such changes.

Assessment of the Effect of C-Peptide Level on Na-K ATPase Activity In Individuals with Type II Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (03) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Eman H Al-Rikabi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Other ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Peptide Level

Background: Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes can cause neuropathy, which is a frequent and severe consequence. C-peptide depletion may be partly related to in the occurrence of certain diabetic complications. It has been demonstrated that even a little amount of residual C-peptide has a considerable metabolic advantage. Objective: The study’s objective was to predict the relation of plasma C-peptide levels in patients with diabetic neuropathy, and its effect on Na-K ATPase activity. Design and Methods: In this case-control study, 150 individuals have been included: 80 patients with diabetic neuropathy, 40 diabetics without neuropathy and 30 non-diabetic subjects as a control. Patients in the first group were carefully chosen based on their clinical symptoms and nerve conduction studies results. The assessment of plasma C-peptide was done by ELISA, Na-K ATPase enzyme activity by spectrophotometer, and HbA1C by HPLC. Results: Mean plasma C-peptide level and Erythrocyte Na-K ATPase activity were substantially lower in neuropathy type 2 DM patients compared to diabetes without neuropathy and control (p= 0.002, 0.000 respectively). The negative correlation between C-peptide with HbA1c, and diabetes period were all negligible (p= 0.447,0.098), Even though there was a notable negative correlation with age (p= 0.03). On the other hand, the relationship linking C-peptide and Na-K ATPase enzyme activity was shown to be insignificant (p=0.69). Conclusions: Diabetic neuropathy is related to a low C-peptide level. The association between C-peptide and Na-K ATPase enzyme activity, on the other hand, was shown to be insignificant. C-peptide HbA1c, and duration of diabetes all had minor negative associations.

scholarly journals 6-Carboxymethyl genistein: a novel selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with unique, differential effects on the vasculature, bone and uterus

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Somjen ◽  
Y Amir-Zaltsman ◽  
B Gayer ◽  
T Kulik ◽  
E Knoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Modelling ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Selective Oestrogen Receptor Modulator

The novel genistein (G) derivative, 6-carboxymethyl genistein (CG) was evaluated for its biological properties in comparison with G. Both compounds showed oestrogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand G and CG differed in the following parameters: (i) only CG displayed mixed agonist-antagonist activity for oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha in transactivation assays and (ii) only CG was capable of attenuating oestrogen (E(2))-induced proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells and of inhibiting oestrogen-induced creatine kinase (CK) specific activity in rat tissues. On the other hand only G enhanced the stimulatory effect on CK specific activity in the uterus. In comparison to the selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) raloxifene (RAL), CG showed the same selectivity profile as RAL in blocking the CK response to E(2) in tissues derived from both immature and ovariectomized female rats. Molecular modelling of CG bound to the ligand binding domain (LBD) of ERbeta predicts that the 6-carboxymethyl group of CG almost fits the binding cavity. On the other hand, molecular modelling of CG bound to the LBD of ERalpha suggests that the carboxyl group of CG may perturb the end of Helix 11, eliciting a severe backbone change for Leu 525, and consequently induces a conformational change which could position Helix 12 in an antagonist conformation. This model supports the experimental findings that CG can act as a mixed agonist-antagonist when E(2) is bound to its receptors. Collectively, our findings suggest that CG can be considered a novel SERM with unique effects on the vasculature, bone and uterus.

scholarly journals THE HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF POLYADENYLIC ACID HYDROLASES IN RAT LIVER DURING AZO DYE CARCINOGENESIS

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 536-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. DAOUST
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Nuclease Activity ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Acid Hydrolases ◽  
Polyadenylic Acid

Films of polyadenylic acid (poly-A) were exposed to liver sections from 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB)-fed rats in order to determine whether the nucleases acting on these films, like the ribonucleases (RNases), are depressed during carcinogenesis. Normal liver parenchyma gave a positive reaction which was particularly intense in periportal areas. Livers from animals fed the basal control diet showed a similar distribution of enzyme activity but were generally more active than normal livers. In DAB-fed rats, the nodules of hepatic tissue gave intense reactions while the trabeculae of bile ducts and connective tissue, as well as the necrotic areas, were negative. The formation of hyperbasophilic foci at later stages of DAB feeding was accompanied by a loss of enzyme activity. The hepatomas, which apparently derived from such foci, showed weak or negligible activity. Thus the changes in RNases and poly-A hydrolases occur at different stages of the carcinogenic process. The loss of RNase activity precedes the neoplastic transformation while the decrease in the activity of poly-A hydrolases is closely associated with tumor formation, but the induced tumors are deficient in both types of nuclease activity.

scholarly journals Temperature and Enzyme Activity

1927 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Crystalline Style ◽  
Other Hand

The enzyme contained in the crystalline style of Pecten is destroyed more and more rapidly as temperature increases. On the other hand, it becomes more and more active if incubated at fairly low temperatures, possibly as a result of the progressive dispersion of the protein base on which it is absorbed. A graph has been calculated showing the effect of temperature on enzyme activity when both destruction and (?) dispersion are discounted.

scholarly journals A comparative study of new substrates for the histochemical demonstration of acid phosphomonoesterase activity in tissues which secrete acid phosphatase.

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
D F McDonald ◽  
B H Schofield ◽  
M A Geffert ◽  
R A Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Sebaceous Gland ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Acid Phosphomonoesterase

The histochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase activities against phosphoethanolamine (PEA), phosphorylcholine (PC), and D-ephedrine phosphate (DEP) are reported for a variety of rat tissues and are compared to acid beta-glycerophosphatase (beta GPase) activity. Intense acid beta GPase activity was demonstrated in all tissues examined. However, liver, kidney, intestine, spleen and bone marrow cells failed to exhibit any enzyme activity against PEA, PC, or DEP. In addition, significant differences in the hydrolysis of these substrates were noted among the tissues that did demonstrate activity (bone, tooth, oral mucosa, sebaceous gland, and prostate gland). These observations suggest that PEA, PC, and DEP are more specific substrates for acid phosphatase than beta GP and permit the differential localization of several distinct acid phosphatase isoenzymes.

scholarly journals The histochemical demonstration of hydrolase activities with films of homopolyribonucleotides.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Daoust
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Polycytidylic Acid ◽  
Polyadenylic Acid ◽  
Polyuridylic Acid

Films of polycytidylic acid, polyuridylic acid and polyguanylic acid were exposed to tissue sections and the results were compared with those obtained in previous studies on polyadenylic acid and ribonucleic acid. Important variations were observed in the distribution of the hydrolases acting on the different polyribonucleotides, suggesting that a variety of nucleases with marked proclivity for particular nucleotide residues can be demonstrated by the use of films of homopolymers.

Curcumin as a protector for normal cells during bortezomib therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 780-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
RR Kumar ◽  
A Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Protective Potential ◽  
Acid Dehydratase ◽  
Other Hand

This study evaluated the protective potential of curcumin on the possible side effects of bortezomib (Bt) therapy on normal cells in mice. The mice were segregated into three groups ( n = 10) that included normal control, Bt-treated, and Bt + curcumin-treated groups. The Bt treatment resulted in significant decrease in the enzyme activity of erythrocyte δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD). Also a significant decrease in the hemoglobin (Hb) was also noticed. On the other hand, curcumin co-treatment improvised enzyme activity of erythrocyte ALAD as well as Hb values. The study, therefore, concludes that curcumin co-treatment with Bt has a potential to take care of possible side effects of Bt therapy on normal cells.

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