Workplace processes and employment opportunities for vulnerable social groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 095968011990075
Author(s):  
Andrea Signoretti
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Manufacturing Plant ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The Us ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Labour Legislation ◽  
Italian Context

Employment opportunities and conditions of vulnerable social groups are affected by multiple agencies (including unions and employers) and labour market institutions. This study, drawing on iterative long-term research within workplaces, aims to discover the key interrelations among factors that are peculiar to different contexts. The research questions are pursued through a comparison of the treatment of women and migrants, respectively, in an Italian and a US car-manufacturing plant. Labour legislation is particularly important in the US case, whereas in the Italian context employers have more discretion. In both environments, unions have only a limited role.

The Inefficacy of Strong Ties Networks in Migration Employment Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby Absuelo ◽  
Peter Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Green Card ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes

Abstract We examined Philippine graduates’ use of social networks to obtain initial employment in the United States labour market. Our research focused on employment opportunities and found that Philippine graduates’ usage of Strong Ties networks contributed to underemployment. Reliance on Strong Ties networking decreased respondents’ broader range of US employment opportunities and further impeded their prospects of upward employment mobility. While the Philippine graduates’ Strong Ties networking provided assistance and most specifically acted as intermediaries for gaining their initial employment, this type of networking had a significant impact resulting in poor labour market outcomes and rather imperfect long-term employment opportunities. Moreover, we found that, in conjunction with the use of Strong Ties, key variables, such as low-demand degree fields, lower educational attainment, lesser proficiency in English and green card status, were also strongly associated with poor employment outcomes.

Picking the People up from Poverty

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh Mohammad Sowad
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The People ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Being a multidimensional phenomenon, it is hard to confine poverty within any definitive parameters and even harder to send the word poverty back to dictionary. Poverty eradication needs both short and long term strategic interventions; policies regarding employment opportunities should also be planned in such way. As an economic strategy, deregulation targets to eliminate the regulating authorities of labour market and decrease the interference of legal aspects within the relationship between companies and individuals to a minimum level with a great decline in the cases of collective bargaining. Labour market deregulation creates ample employment opportunities for poor people especially women. This paper looks for an effective and efficient way to alleviate poverty between Urban Labour Market Deregulation and the development of micro-enterprises with a sketch of possibilities and vulnerabilities of both approaches and a comparative approach to find the best possible way within these two to remove poverty's shadow from humankind.

Immigrazione e seconde generazioni: un primo quadro di riferimento

2009 ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Michele Bertani
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
The Media ◽  
Italian Context

- The article analyzes contemporary migration processes, by focusing on the so-called ‘second generation' in Europe and Italy. After a brief description of the different meanings attached to this definition, the article highlights some of the peculiar aspects of the Italian context and analyzes them. Italy has experienced immigration only recently in comparison to other European countries. In addition, in this country immigration is often discussed by politicians and the media as a process related only with the labour market. This makes it interesting to define some preliminary indicators and trends in relation to the presence of migrants' children in Italy. Through the analysis of statistical data and academic research, this article studies migration projects through the perspective of the ‘second generation', to show this can provide an appropriate lens to understand migration trajectories in their full complexity. Additionally, this article encourages researchers to consider migration from this perspective, as it will be part of a long-term process which may be viewed, from an analytical perspective, as a trajectory, or rather as a multiplicity of potential trajectories. Keywords: Immigration, Second Generation, Immigration in Italy, Multiculturalism, Education.

scholarly journals Capabilities and Choices of Vulnerable, Long-Term Unemployed Individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Beck
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Employment Opportunities

This article discusses the issue of choice as it applies to long-term unemployed and vulnerable individuals. It argues that the combination of poor employment opportunities, requirements, compulsions and sanctions has not merely reduced available choice for individuals with multiple barriers to re-/join the labour market but has also resulted in curtailed decision-making abilities when it comes to their pathways into employment. The outcomes can include protective resistance as a response to the extent of regulation, which may undermine engagement in job search and related activities. Despite attempts by benevolent staff in a charity to provide support and enhance capabilities that result in the overcoming of protective resistance, they operate within a broader institutional framework of choice as set by government policy. The end result is compulsion, not choice.

Picking the People up From Poverty

2019 ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh Mohammad Sowad
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The People ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Being a multidimensional phenomenon, it is hard to confine poverty within any definitive parameters and even harder to send the word poverty back to dictionary. Poverty eradication needs both short and long term strategic interventions; policies regarding employment opportunities should also be planned in such way. As an economic strategy, deregulation targets to eliminate the regulating authorities of labour market and decrease the interference of legal aspects within the relationship between companies and individuals to a minimum level with a great decline in the cases of collective bargaining. Labour market deregulation creates ample employment opportunities for poor people especially women. This paper looks for an effective and efficient way to alleviate poverty between Urban Labour Market Deregulation and the development of micro-enterprises with a sketch of possibilities and vulnerabilities of both approaches and a comparative approach to find the best possible way within these two to remove poverty's shadow from humankind.

scholarly journals POJĘCIE „OSÓB BĘDĄCYCH W SZCZEGÓLNEJ SYTUACJI NA RYNKU PRACY” W ŚWIETLE USTAWY O PROMOCJI ZATRUDNIENIA I INSTYTUCJACH RYNKU PRACY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Ewa Staszewska
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Employment Promotion

Legal Notion „of Employees in a Particular Situation on the Labour Market”; in the Light of the Act of 2004 on Employment Promotion and Labour Market InstitutionsSummary The article refers to “employees in a particular situation on the labour market” in the light of the Act of 2004 on employment promotion and labour market institutions .The author points out that the risk of losing jobs varies. Certain categories of employees are more at risk than the others. From the social and economic point of view people are not equal when unemployment comes to the scene. Chances to find jobs are correlated not only with good economic condition but also with socio-demographic features of the jobless. The fact that some social groups are at higher risk of losing jobs creates the need to provide them with more specialized assistance from the State. It should be made possible for them to find steady jobs so that they do not get excluded from the labour market. That is why legislator has developed a catalogue of emploees particularly at risk who should be given priority when applying for a job. The unemployed listed in the catalogue can expect a number of legal instruments to prevent unemployment addressed to them.

Moving past the vaccine/autism controversy - to examine potential vaccine neurological harms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Peter R. Breggin
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
The Us ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Brain ◽  
New Vaccines

BACKGROUND: The vaccine/autism controversy has caused vast scientific and public confusion, and it has set back research and education into genuine vaccine-induced neurological disorders. The great strawman of autism has been so emphasized by the vaccine industry that it, and it alone, often appears in authoritative discussions of adverse effects of the MMR and other vaccines. By dismissing the chimerical vaccine/autism controversy, vaccine defenders often dismiss all genuinely neurological aftereffects of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) and other vaccines, including well-documented events, such as relatively rare cases of encephalopathy and encephalitis. OBJECTIVE: This report explains that autism is not a physical or neurological disorder. It is not caused by injury or disease of the brain. It is a developmental disorder that has no physical origins and no physical symptoms. It is extremely unlikely that vaccines are causing autism; but it is extremely likely that they are causing more neurological damage than currently appreciated, some of it resulting in psychosocial disabilities that can be confused with autism and other psychosocial disorders. This confusion between a developmental, psychosocial disorder and a physical neurological disease has played into the hands of interest groups who want to deny that vaccines have any neurological and associated neuropsychiatric effects. METHODS: A review of the scientific literature, textbooks, and related media commentary is integrated with basic clinical knowledge. RESULTS: This report shows how scientific sources have used the vaccine/autism controversy to avoid dealing with genuine neurological risks associated with vaccines and summarizes evidence that vaccines, including the MMR, can cause serious neurological disorders. Manufacturers have been allowed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to gain vaccine approval without placebo-controlled clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS: The misleading vaccine autism controversy must be set aside in favor of examining actual neurological harms associated with vaccines, including building on existing research that has been ignored. Manufacturers of vaccines must be required to conduct placebo-controlled clinical studies for existing vaccines and for government approval of new vaccines. Many probable or confirmed neurological adverse events occur within a few days or weeks after immunization and could be detected if the trials were sufficiently large. Contrary to current opinion, large, long-term placebo-controlled trials of existing and new vaccines would be relatively easy and safe to conduct.

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