scholarly journals Women’s Vulnerability to the Economic Crisis through the Lens of Part-time Work in Spain

2021 ◽  
pp. 095001702110012
Author(s):  
Valeria Insarauto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

This article studies women’s vulnerability to the economic crisis of 2008 through the lens of part-time work in Spain. It posits that part-time work made the female employment position more fragile by acting as a transmission mechanism of traditional gender norms that establish women as secondary workers. This argument is tested through an analysis of Labour Force Survey data from 2007 to 2014 that examines the influence of the employment situation of the household on women’s part-time employment patterns. The results expose the limited take-up of part-time work but also persistent patterns of involuntariness and underemployment corresponding to negative household employment situations, highlighting the constraining role of gender norms borne by the relative position of part-time work in the configuration of employment structures. The article concludes that, during the crisis, part-time work participated in the re-establishment of women as a family dependent and flexible labour supply, increasing their vulnerability.

scholarly journals Increasingly Equalized? A Study of Part-Time Work in ‘Old’ and ‘New’ Part-Time Work Regimes

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Heidi Nicolaisen
Keyword(s):  
Work Conditions ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
General Work ◽  
Part Time Work

Recent debates on equalization of part-time work alongside full-time work stress the importance of high quality part-time jobs. This paper compares equalization in banking in three countries: two `old´ part-time work regimes, Norway and Sweden, and Ireland, where part-time work started to increase more recently. Banking is particularly interesting as a sector with a high proportion of female employment and good working conditions. One main interest is the role of regulations and how they are enforced at company level. The analysis shows that part-time work in the Nordic countries is normalized in terms of access and general work conditions, while in Ireland access is more restricted. Career opportunities are, however, restricted in all three countries. This paper argues that further equalization may be hindered by `soft´ regulations and a gradual normalization process that also normalizes disadvantages associated with part-time work and the category of the `working mother´.

scholarly journals Ideational struggles over women’s part-time work in Norway: Destabilizing the gender contract

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilja Mósesdóttir ◽  
Anne Lise Ellingsæter
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Male Breadwinner ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
High Level ◽  
Part Time Work

High rates of part-time work have been associated with high female employment rates in the Nordic countries, except for Finland. Part-time work has played a key role in the modification of the male breadwinner gender contract by enabling women to enter paid work while continuing to take on the main domestic responsibilities. Previously tacit and little disputed, this ‘normalization’ of women’s part-time work has increasingly become a contentious issue in the public debate in Norway, both in terms of its persistently high level and of the cultural values surrounding it. In their case study, the authors analyse the articulation of these critiques and the underlying conflict dynamics that put the gender contract under pressure and facilitate its modification. The empirical focus is on events inciting debates and the arguments or ideational frames key political actors have used to support their position. The analysis is based on newspaper articles published during the period 1997–2013.

scholarly journals Does Early Decompressive Craniectomy Improve Outcome? Experience from an Active UK Recruiter Centre

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. García Vicente ◽  
V. Garnelo Rey ◽  
M. Manikon ◽  
S. Ashworth ◽  
M. H. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Brain Contusion ◽  
Icu Length Of Stay ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Maximal Medical Therapy ◽  
Part Time Work

Introduction. The results of the recent DECRA study suggest that although craniectomy decreases ICP and ICU length of stay, it is also associated with worst outcomes. Our experience, illustrated by these two striking cases, supports that early decompressive craniectomy may significantly improve the outcome in selected patients.Case Reports. The first patient, a 20-year-old man who suffered severe brain contusion and subarachnoid haemorrhage after a fall downstairs, with refractory ICP of 35 mmHg, despite maximal medical therapy, eventually underwent decompressive craniectomy. After 18 days in intensive care, he was discharged for rehabilitation. The second patient, a 23-year-old man was found at the scene of a road accident with a GCS of 3 and fixed, dilated pupils who underwent extensive unilateral decompressive craniectomy for refractory intracranial hypertension. After three weeks of cooling, paralysis, and neuroprotection, he eventually left ICU for rehabilitation.Outcomes. Four months after leaving ICU, the first patient abseiled 40 m down the main building of St. Mary’s Hospital to raise money for the Trauma Unit. He has returned to part-time work. The second patient, was decannulated less than a month later and made a full cognitive recovery. A year later, with a titanium skull prosthesis, he is back to part-time work and to playing football.Conclusions. Despite the conclusions of the DECRA study, our experience of the use of early decompressive craniectomy has been associated with outstanding outcomes. We are currently actively recruiting patients into the RESCUEicp trial and have high hopes that it will clarify the role of the decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury and whether it effectively improves outcomes.

Working Women in Japan

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Reward And Recognition ◽  
Part Time Work

Japan is perhaps the worst of the top industrialised nations in its treatment of its female labour force. Although some improvements have been made, discrimination still exists in all aspects of employment, particularly in opportunity, reward and recognition. Japanese women feel that the two most important avenues for achieving greater equality are self‐improvement and the realisation of changes in societal attitudes, whereas changes in the law are not felt to be so important. Recent trends in employment status, employment by industry and occupation and part‐time work as well as age and educational background as regards working women in Japan are examined. Legislation is briefly described. Understanding the situation in different countries is a prerequisite for gaining the broader perspective necessary for the achievement of universal equity and mutual global prosperity.

scholarly journals Dualisation of Part-Time Work

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Time Work ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

ePDF and ePUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. This book brings together leading international authors from a number of fields to provide an up-to-date understanding of part-time work at national, sector, industry and workplace levels. The contributors critically examine part-time employment in different institutional settings across Europe, the USA, Australia and Korea. This analysis serves as a prism to investigate wider trends, particularly in female employment, including the continued increase in part-time work and processes that are increasingly creating dualisation and inequality between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ jobs.

Dilettantismus oder „Nebenwerk“?

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-499
Author(s):  
Martin Mulsow
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Part Time Work

Dilettantism or “Nebenwerk”? A Gotha Proposal on the Position of Science at the Courts in the Late 18th Century This essay discusses the contents of a presumably collective program that Gotha intellectuals published in 1776. In the text under study, “Von der spielenden Gelehrsamkeit”, they seek to legitimate their scientific and scholarly part-time work in addition to their employment as court officials or professionals in the ducal residence. The text is polyphonious and seems to be based on compromises between different authors. Accordingly, it does not present a consistent argument. For the historian, the consistency of the text is less relevant than what it reveals about the precarious status of part-time science and how it was viewed by contemporaries. The authors of the proposal argue that a self-confident form of patriotism – a patriotism that is related to the princely territory – and the emphasis on practical applications could help to prevent science and scholarship from sliding into pedantic specialization. For the authors, however, this did not mean rejecting the micrology, the collection of seemingly insignificant individual observations. On the contrary: micrology should be possible precisely because the part-time scholars – through their work for the principality at court – would never lose sight of the big picture. In the previous research discussion about the role of dilettantism in the genesis of science, the question of the relationship between the main activity at court and the secondary activity, the Nebenwerk, as a scientist has so far been neglected. The text under discussion therefore throws an important light on the coupling attempts that have been made here between different social subsystems.

Grill Guys and Drive-Thru Girls: Discourses of Gender in Young People’s Part-Time Work

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Lindsay C. Sheppard ◽  
Rebecca Raby ◽  
Wolfgang Lehmann ◽  
Riley Easterbrook
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Poststructural Feminism ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Part Time Work

We engage with poststructural feminism to examine how 32 young workers in Ontario and British Columbia perceived, replicated, navigated, and challenged gendered discourses. We discuss three related emerging themes. First, girls positioned themselves and other girls who work as “go-getters,” resonating with “can-do” girlhood narratives. Second, many participants engaged in and embraced gender-typical work, while others raised critical, feminist concerns. Third, some participants experienced diversions from gender-typical work, and their reflections both reproduced and challenged dominant gender norms. We demonstrate that contradictory discourses of gender, gender inequality, and growing up shape young people’s early work experiences in multiple ways.

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