Effect of Peritoneal Macrophages from Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis Patients on Lymphocytes in Culture

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladyslaw Sulowicz ◽  
Zygmunt Hanicki ◽  
Wojciech Uracz ◽  
Barbara Hajto ◽  
Irena Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nbt Reduction ◽  
End Stage

To investigate the biological activity of peritoneal macrophages, cells isolated from dialysate of 30 patients with end-stage kidney disease treated by intermittent peritoneal dialysis and from ascites of 6 patients with cardiac insufficiency (relative control group) were added to autologous, phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocyte cultures. Macrophages of dialyzed patients induced a dose-dependent increase in autologous lymphocyte proliferation, whereas macrophages obtained from control subjects exerted a suppressive effect on those cultures. The enhanced lymphocyte proliferation by macrophages from dialyzed patients was corroborated by the increased metabolic activity of macrophages as evaluated by the increased nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test and increased functional expression of Fc receptors (FcR). The subpopulation of macrophages from patients with HLA -DR antigens as determined by HB55 monoclonal antibody, inhibited Iymphoproliferation in vitro. We conclude that peritoneal macrophages from dialyzed patients represent a heterogenous population of cells with different phenotypic and functional characteristics.

Changes in Activity of Selected Lysosomal Enzymes in Peritoneal Macrophages of Renal Failure Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladyslaw Sulowicz ◽  
Tadeusz Cichocki ◽  
Zygmunt Hanicki
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Dialytic Treatment

Activity of acid phosphatase (AP), beta-glucuronidase (GR), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (GZ), and peroxidase (P) was assessed using a semiquantitative cytochemical method in peritoneal macro phages of 30 patients with end-stage renal failure treated by intermittent peritoneal dialysis and of 30 control patients with normal renal function. The dialysed patients showed a significantly higher activity of GR and P at the beginning of the treatment as compared with the respective activities observed in the control group and a further significant rise of these activities after 4 months of dialysis. Activity of AP at the beginning of the treatment was insignificantly lower than in the control group and the difference became significant at the end of the investigated period. There was no significant difference between the dialysed patients and the control group in the activity of GZ assessed at the beginning of the dialytic treatment and after 4 months of dialysis. A significant decrease in that activity was, however, observed in the course of dialysis.

Functional Characteristics of Peritoneal Macrophages of Renal Failure Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladyslaw Sulowicz ◽  
Zygmunt Hanicki ◽  
Tadeusz Chichocki ◽  
Marek Zembala ◽  
Irena Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
End Stage

Functional activity of peritoneal macrophages of 50 patients with end-stage renal failure on intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) and of 30 control subjects with normal renal function was determined. Phagocytosis of latex particles by macrophages of dialyzed patients was significantly lower as compared with the controls. Further depression of the phagocytic activity was observed during bacterial peritonitis. Macrophages from the dialyzed patients also showed nonsignificantly decreased functional expression of Fc receptors (FcR) and increased spontaneous nitro blue tetrazolium (NeT) reduction.

Plasticizers and Inhibition of Leukocyte Function in Vitro

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank-Peter Fischer ◽  
Christoph Machleidt ◽  
Albert W. Rettenmeier ◽  
Ulrich Kuhlmann ◽  
Thomas Mettang
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Leukocyte Function ◽  
Cytochrome C Reduction ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objectives To evaluate the influence of the plasticizer metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (ME HP), 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH), and phthalic acid (PA) on various immune functions of poly-morphonuclear blood leukocytes (PMNL) and monocytes (MN). ME HP, 2-EH, and PA are the main hydrolysis products of DE HP. Since DE HP is leached out of the plastic matrix, patients on hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis are exposed to considerable amounts of DE HP and its metabolites. Setting Teaching hospital, Department of Nephrology. Participants Ten healthy volunteers. Measurements After incubation of leukocytes in solutions with different plasticizer concentrations, oxidative respiratory metabolism was determined by luminolenhanced chemiluminescence (CL) after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Furthermore, superoxide (02) generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction. Results At pH 5.4, a dose-dependent decrease of luminol-enhanced CL response was found in all assays. For ME HP and PA the level of significance was reached at 10 mg/L and 1 mg/L, respectively. Superoxide generation by PMNL and MN at pH 5.4 was also suppressed by ME HP and PA. At pH 7.4, only a slight suppression of oxidative metabolism at higher concentrations was observed. After incubation of the cells in a solution containing all DE HP metabolites (ME HP, PA, and 2-EH), a significant suppressive effect of CL at pH 5.4 could be observed at final plasticizer concentrations of 0.5 mg/L. Conclusions A dose-dependent impairment of leukocyte oxidative metabolism at a low pH could be demonstrated. The suppressive effect was particularly marked after incubation of the cells in solutions containing a mixture of the main plasticizers. At pH 5.4, we observed a slight alteration even at concentrations very close to those that could be found in commercially available peritoneal dialysis fluids. These results might point toward a possible synergistic detrimental effect of the different DE HP metabolites on leukocyte function, with possible clinical relevance.

scholarly journals Protocol for a randomised, open-label, parallel group, multicentre controlled study to evaluate the clinical performance and safety of Stay Safe Link compared with Stay Safe in patients with end-stage kidney disease on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e024589
Author(s):  
Wen Yao Mak ◽  
Loke Meng Ong ◽  
Bak Leong Goh ◽  
Sunita Bavanandan ◽  
Lily Mushahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
End Stage

IntroductionPeritonitis is a major complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), the risk of which is significantly influenced by the type of PD transfer system. Although the Y-disconnect and double-bag system is more efficient in preventing peritonitis compared with the spike system, little information is available to differentiate risks between different brands of the Y-disconnect double-bag system. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a newly introduced system is needed to provide the necessary clinical evidence to guide policy decision-making.Methods and analysisThe study is an open-label randomised controlled trial. A total of 434 patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing CAPD will be enrolled and randomised to either the intervention group, Stay Safe Link, or the control group, Stay Safe. All study subjects will be followed up and monitored for 1 year. The primary safety outcome is the rate of peritonitis while the primary efficacy outcomes are the delivered dialysis dose and ultrafiltration volume.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee, National Institute of Health Malaysia. A written informed consent will be obtained from all participating subjects prior to any trial-related procedure and the study conduct will adhere strictly to Good Clinical Practice. The findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT03177031; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Regulation of the growth and functions of cloned murine large granular lymphocyte lines by resident macrophages.

1985 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Minato ◽  
T Amagai ◽  
J Yodoi ◽  
T Diamanstein ◽  
S Kano
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity

Using cloned lines with the morphology of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) from BALB/c mice, we studied the exact requirements for proliferation and their functional characteristics, as well as their regulation. Although these cloned LGL lines were interleukin 2 (IL-2) dependent for growth, experiments using human recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2), known to be active on murine cells, indicated that IL-2 was a necessary but not sufficient factor. Coexistance of normal macrophages in addition to rIL-2 was found to support continuous proliferation of cloned LGL in vitro. This role of macrophages could be replaced by partially purified IL-1 derived from macrophage-conditioned medium. An IL-2 binding assay using 125I-rIL-2 suggested that the role of normal macrophages was to selectively induce and/or maintain high affinity IL-2 receptors (IL-2R) (Kd, 0.2-0.5 nM) without affecting low affinity ones (Kd, 10-30 nM). Functional studies indicated that most of the LGL clones killed various combinations of representative groups of natural killer (NK)-susceptible target cells, including leukemic cells (YAC-1, RL male 1), virus-infected cells (HeLa-measles, HeLa-herpes simplex virus), and normal bone marrow cells (BMC), whereas none of them affected any of NK-resistant target cells, including uninfected HeLa cells. Some of these clones also suppressed in vitro hematopoiesis. Such characteristic cytotoxic spectra, as well as serological phenotypes (Thy-1+, Lyt-1-2-, asialo GM1-positive, T200+, TdT-, Fc receptor-positive) indicated that these LGL clones exactly represent endogenous NK cells, rather than a variety of anomalous killer cells generated in various culture conditions. Although there was significant heterogeneity of cytotoxic spectrum among LGL clones, no clonotypic distribution of specificities was observed. Normal macrophages were found to modulate the functional expression of LGL clones. They augmented the cytotoxic potential of the clones against leukemic and virus-infected targets, but suppressed intrinsic reactivity against normal BMC. Similarly, LGL clones maintained with macrophages showed much less suppressive effect on in vitro hematopoiesis. The present observations on the interaction of cloned LGL and normal macrophages provide a basic explanation for the mechanisms by which the immediate responsiveness to IL-2 of the NK effector system, without exogenous stimulation, and the functional selectivity toward abnormal rather than normal cells, are actively maintained in vivo.

Suppressive effect of prolactin on oestrogen-induced secretion of LH by sequentially perifused rat hypothalamus-pituitary

1985 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Woo Lee ◽  
Akira Miyake ◽  
Keiichi Tasaka ◽  
Shirou Otsuka ◽  
Toshihiro Aono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Lh Secretion ◽  
Hypothalamic Level ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Perifusion System

Abstract. The effect of prolactin (Prl) on oestrogeninduced gonadotrophin secretion was examined in vitro in a sequential double chamber perifusion system. As control groups, mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH)-pituitary pairs or pituitaries without the MBHs were perifused with Medium 199. As an experimental group, MBH-pituitary pairs were perifused with Medium 199 containing 1 μg/ml of rat Prl. These groups were stimulated with 10−7m oestradiol-17β (E2) for 30 min, and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the serial fractions of effluent was measured. In the control group of MBH-pituitary pairs perifused with medium without Prl, secretion of LH began to rise within 30 min after the beginning of stimulation, reached a peak 30 min after the end of stimulation and then remained at a plateau for the rest of the experimental period, whereas in the control group of pituitaries alone no significant response was observed. In the experimental group perifused with medium containing Prl, LH-secretion showed peaks 20 and 80 min after the end of E2-stimulation, respectively, and the first peak was significantly (P < 0.01) less than the level in the control group. These data demonstrate that Prl at this concentration suppressed the rapid LH release induced by E2. Its site of action is suggested to be at the hypothalamic level, and its possible mechanism of action is discussed.

Suppressive effect of AKR mouse blast cells on antibody formation in vivo and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro

1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Kashlakova ◽  
I. A. Lisukov ◽  
I. G. Tsyrlova ◽  
N. V. Vasil'ev ◽  
V. A. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

Exploring the Association between Changes in Dialysis Reimbursement Policies and Care Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray-E Chang ◽  
Shih-Pi Lin ◽  
Feng-Jung Yang ◽  
Robert C. Myrtle
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Technical Failure ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Esrd Patients

Abstract Background: Except for renal transplantation, peritoneal dialysis (PD) is considered to be relatively cost-effective option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Less than 7% of ESRD patients receiving PD in Taiwan, and the promising benefits of PD treatment influenced health policy makers to seek ways to encourage PD utilization. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of their policy initiatives.Methods: An observational longitudinal study using a before-and-after analysis was conducted. The propensity score matching technique was employed to match PD patients before and after the introduction of Taiwan’s efforts to encourage PD utilization in ESRD patients, and the change in PD technical failure was analyzed. HD patients were also matched as the control group to assess the impact of Taiwan’s PD utilization encouraging policies on mortality in PD patients. The competing risk regression approach for survival analysis was adopted in our study.Results: The results showed that while the PD encouraging policies had increased the PD utilization, the increase in PD utilization was accompanied by an increase in technique failure and an increase in mortality.Conclusions: The adoption of new treatments which may benefit patients and incentives to change physician practice behaviors require more disciplined and carefully managed implementation efforts. Care providers need to be equipped by adequate training and sufficient manpower as part of the policy package.

scholarly journals Chemokine C10 Promotes Disease Resolution and Survival in an Experimental Model of Bacterial Sepsis

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 6108-6114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Steinhauser ◽  
C. M. Hogaboam ◽  
A. Matsukawa ◽  
N. W. Lukacs ◽  
R. M. Strieter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Septic Peritonitis

ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that the C-C chemokine C10 is involved in the chronic stages of host defense reactions. The present study addressed the role of C10 in a murine model of septic peritonitis, induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Unlike other C-C chemokines, C10 levels in the peritoneal wash were increased approximately 30-fold above baseline levels at 48 h after CLP surgery. Immunoneutralization of peritoneal C10 levels with polyclonal anti-C10 antiserum during CLP-induced peritonitis negatively impacted mouse survival over 4 days. In contrast, when 500 ng of recombinant murine C10 was administered immediately after CLP surgery, the 4-day survival rate increased from 20% to over 60%. The C10 therapy appeared to facilitate a rapid and significant enhancement of the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and a later increase in interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels in the peritoneal cavity. In vitro studies showed that the combination of IL-1β and C10 markedly augmented TNF-α synthesis by peritoneal macrophages and that C10 synthesis was induced in these cells following their exposure to IL-13. At 24 h after CLP surgery, only 25% of C10-treated mice were bacteremic versus 85% of the control group that exhibited dissemination of bacteria into the circulation. The lack of bacteremia in C10-treated mice appeared to be related, in part, to in vitro evidence that C10 significantly enhanced the bacterial phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. In addition, in vivo evidence suggested that C10 therapy significantly reduced the amount of material that leaked from the damaged gut. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that the C10 chemokine rapidly promotes disease resolution in the CLP model through its direct effects on the cellular events critically involved in host defense during septic peritonitis.

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