Enacting Culture in a Romanian Village

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-684
Author(s):  
Alexandra Urdea
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Form Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
It Culture ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Houses Of Culture ◽  
Definition Of

“Local culture” has been the focus of anthropological endeavour since the discipline’s beginnings, and the concept has a long history of re-defining and re-framing on all levels (spatial, political, and so on). One particularly useful definition of “culture” put forward by Bourdieu is that which is “taken for granted”—what people do without necessarily being aware of it. Culture is, therefore, similar to ideology, and not unlike Foucault’s notion of discourse, in that its workings are not explicit and visible to those who form part of that culture. Yet, is it really possible to distinguish the notion of “local culture” as practice from discourses around that particular “culture”? Houses of culture—institutions built in eastern Europe and the USSR during the socialist period used to host, represent, and change “local culture”—can raise questions around the practice and performance of culture more generally.

A Clinical Trial of Warfarin in Cancer (Ca)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Zacharski
Keyword(s):  
Performance Status ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Patient Screening ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Physician Extenders ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
To Receive

A 5-year study of the effect of warfarin on the natural history of human ca is in progress. The basis for this study is: the occurrence of clots at ca sites, uptake of tagged fibrinogen or anti-fibrinogen antibody into ca, occurrence of localized and disseminated intravascular coaqulation with ca, evidence from experimental ca systems of involvement of the clotting mechanism in the growth and spread of ca, and preliminary evidence of such involvement in man. Patients with either limited or extensive ca of the lung or large bowel, advanced prostatic ca or recurrent head and neck ca are randomized by hospital and performance status within 1 of 9 different strata to receive standard therapy with or without warfarin. Study design includes : 11 definition of exclusion criteria, 2) comparison of included vs. excluded patients, 3) classification and recording of bleeding complications, 4) serial tests for intravascular coagulation, 5) blinded reading of x-rays and scans used to follow tumor responses and, 6) use of physician extenders for patient screening and data collection. Patients are evaluable only if on-study at least 2 weeks. Response criteria include survival, tumor resDonse, changes in laboratory tests, causes of death and autopsy findings. Supported by the VA Cooperative Studies Program (CSPS75) of the VA Medical Research Service.

Nationalism in Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages

1972 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Obolensky
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
General Definition ◽  
The Political ◽  
European Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

The divergent views held by historians and sociologists as to what does and does not constitute nationalism will, I hope, provide me with some excuse for not attempting here a general definition of this phenomenon. Nor will I presume to adjudicate between the opinions of scholars like Hans Kohn who, confining their attention to Western Europe, will not hear of nationalism before the rise of modern states between the sixteenth and the eighteenth century, and of historians like G. G. Coulton who, after surveying the policy of the Papacy, the life of the Universities, the internal frictions in the monasteries and the history of medieval warfare, concluded that nationalism, which had been developing in Western Europe since the eleventh century, became a basic factor in European politics by the fourteenth. My paper is concerned with the medieval history of Eastern Europe: an area which I propose to define, by combining a geographical with a cultural criterion, as the group of countries which lay within the political or cultural orbit of Byzantium. The subject is vast and complex, and I can do no more than select a few topics for discussion. These I would like to present as arguments in support of three theses.

scholarly journals The pharmakon of ‘If’: working with Steven Shapin's A Social History of Truth

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-514
Author(s):  
MICHAEL WINTROUB
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Social History ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Robert Boyle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Heuristic Strategy ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Strategy I

AbstractWhilst the ‘local culture’ of experimental natural philosophy in seventeenth-century England drew on ‘resources’ supplied by the gentlemanly identity of men like Robert Boyle, this culture found much of its distinctiveness in a series of exclusions having to do with faith, gender and class. My concern in this essay is less with these exclusions, and the distinctions they enabled, than with their surreptitious returns. Following from this, as a heuristic strategy, I will try to understand how Boyle and Co. used and reacted to, repressed and cathected, that which they sought to exclude. By charting the movements of exile and return across the contested frontiers of class, gender and faith, truth and lies, authenticity and performance, we can, I believe, fruitfully complicate our understandings of both the social history of truth, and the social history of our ‘post-truth’ predicament.

Performing Epic and Reading Homer

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-30
Author(s):  
Barbara Graziosi
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Definition Of

There are two long-recognized obstacles to dramatic performances of epic. The first is scale and the second is portrayal of the gods. This chapter argues that both these features have been important for the definition of what literature is—i.e. what is characteristic of literature as opposed to the performing arts. The first section of the chapter offers a close reading of Aristotle, because he identified scale and the gods as issues that differentiate epic from tragedy, and because his Poetics was foundational for the later development of both literary criticism and performance studies. The second section of this chapter discusses the place of Homer in relation to both literature and the performing arts—by focusing again on scale and the gods, and the history of their reception. The final section considers Simon Armitage’s versions of the Iliad and the Odyssey for the theatre and for BBC Radio.

scholarly journals Perfectionism and Performance in Sport, Education, and the Workplace

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Madigan ◽  
Andrew P. Hill ◽  
Sarah H. Mallinson-Howard ◽  
Thomas Curran ◽  
Gareth E. Jowett
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Sport Education ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Indirect Influence ◽  
Form Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance

Perfectionism and performance have long been intertwined. The conceptual history of this relationship is best considered complex, with some theorists maintaining that perfectionism is likely to impair performance and others more recently suggesting that aspects of perfectionism may form part of a healthy pursuit of excellence. Recent studies on perfectionism and performance in sport, education, and the workplace provide us with evidence that perfectionism is indeed an important characteristic in achievement domains. However, this relationship is exceedingly complex. In examining this relationship empirically, researchers have distinguished between two dimensions of perfectionism. The first is perfectionistic strivings that comprise high personal standards and a self-oriented striving for perfection. The second is perfectionistic concerns that comprise a preoccupation with mistakes and negative reactions to imperfection. With regard to perfectionistic strivings, research has revealed that in certain circumstances they are related to better performance. Evidence for this is strongest in education but notably mixed in sport and the workplace. With regard to perfectionistic concerns, while there is evidence that they may not directly impair performance, there is also enough evidence that they may have a detrimental indirect influence on performance. Based on existing research, we argue that there is currently too little research and too many mixed findings to conclude perfectionistic strivings forms part of a healthy pursuit of excellence. In addition, the role of perfectionistic concerns for performance is likely to be more substantive than currently suggested.

Towards the digital land reclamation

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Vasil'ev ◽  
Vyacheslav Schedrin ◽  
Aleksandra Slabunova ◽  
Vladimir Slabunov
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Full Cooperation

The aim of the research is a retrospective analysis of the history and stages of development of digital land reclamation in Russia, the definition of «Digital land reclamation» and trends in its further development. In the framework of the retrospective analysis the main stages of melioration formation are determined. To achieve the maximum effect of the «digital reclamation» requires full cooperation of practical experience and scientific potential accumulated throughout the history of the reclamation complex, and the latest achievements of science and technology, which is currently possible only through the full digitalization of reclamation activities. The introduction of «digital reclamation» will achieve greater potential and effect in the modernization of the reclamation industry in the «hightech industry», through the use of innovative developments and optimal management decisions.

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