Social and Antisocial Behavior of Children with Learning and Behavioral Disorders: Construct Validity of the Home and Community Social Behavior Scales

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Lund ◽  
Kenneth W. Merrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Disorders

Validation of the NOSGER (Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients): Reliability and Validity of a Caregiver Rating Instrument

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margrit Wahle ◽  
Sybille Häller ◽  
René Spiegel
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Observation Scale ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Six Dimensions ◽  
Caregiver Rating

The Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER) is a rating scale for use in geriatric patients that can be applied by nurses or other caregivers. It deals with the daily behavior of elderly patients and measures impairment in six areas (dimensions): memory; instrumental activities of daily living (IADL); (basic) activities of daily living (ADL); mood; social behavior; and disturbing behavior. Objectivity, stability, construct validity, and acceptance of the scale have been established in previous studies using an earlier version of the NOSGER. The present validation study considered 50 healthy old subjects, 25 patients with mild dementia, 25 patients with advanced (mostly moderate according to DSM-III-R criteria) dementia, and 25 elderly patients with depression. The NOSGER was completed by relatives in the case of subjects living in their own homes and by nurses or other caregivers for institutionalized subjects. In addition to the NOSGER, selected tests of concentration, memory, and performance were applied as outside criteria.Interrater reliability (objectivity) was estimated by variance component analysis. Values between rtt = .68 and rtt = .89 (all p < .001) were found for the six NOSGER dimensions, the values being higher for the cognitive dimensions (memory, IADL, ADL) than for the noncognitive ones (mood, social behavior, disturbing behavior). Retest realibility (stability), which was calculated via rank order correlations, was somewhat higher for the cognitive NOSGER dimensions (memory rs = .91,IADLrs = .92, ADLrs = .88; p < .001) than for the noncognitive ones (mood rs = .85, social behavior rs = .87, disturbing behavior rs = .84; p < .001). All these values satisfy the level of rtt ≥ .80 required in accordance with psychometric standards. The concurrent validity of the NOSGER dimensions was assessed using correlations with external criteria with which similarity of content was expected. The NOSGER dimensions memory, IADL, ADL, and social behavior were found to correlate closely with external criteria of similar content, whereas no satisfactory concurrent validities were found for the dimensions mood or disturbing behavior. The NOSGER dimensions were also correlated with a number of unrelated external criteria so as to reveal any discordances. For the dimensions memory, IADL, ADL, and social behavior, no clear-cut discriminant validities were found. This suggests that these four dimensions may function as parameters not just of different areas of behavior, but also of a general factor that might be described as “cognitive intactness.” As a further aspect of construct validity, significant differences (all p < .001) between the four groups of subjects were found in five of the six NOSGER dimensions (memory, IADL, ADL, mood, social behavior): The healthy subjects differed significantly from all three patient groups in five of the six dimensions; the moderately demented group differed from the depressed group in four of the six dimensions and from the mildly demented group in two of the six dimensions; and the mildly demented group differed significantly from the depressed group in terms of mood (significance levels are after application of the Bonferroni correction). Significant group differences (p generally < .001) were also found for most of the objective performance tests used (data not presented).

scholarly journals Adaptation and Validation of the Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Scale in Sports for the Spanish Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2859
Author(s):  
Noelia Navarro ◽  
Rubén Trigueros ◽  
Adolfo J. Cangas ◽  
José M. Aguilar-Parra
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Behavior Scale

The sporting context favors exchange and promotes social relations. Although there are various tools for measuring social behavior, most of them are not adapted to the Spanish context. The aim of the present study was to adapt and validate the Scale of Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in Sports (PABSS) for that context. The sample was made up of 732 athletes between the ages of 18 and 38 (M = 22.9; SD = 7.3). Statistical analyses allowed us to confirm their appropriate psychometric properties. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the existence of two factors (antisocial behavior and prosocial behavior). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the internal structure of the questionnaire. In addition, the scale was invariant with respect to gender. Cronbach’s Alpha values above 0.70 were found in the different subscales, as well as adequate temporal stability. Therefore, the scale provides a very useful tool in clarifying behavioral processes at the base of prosocial and antisocial behavior in adults towards teammates or rivals in the context of sports competitions in Spain.

scholarly journals Towards Construct Validity of Relational Aggression: An Examination of the Children's Social Behavior Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra M Brandes ◽  
Kathleen Wade Reardon ◽  
Allison Shields ◽  
Jennifer L Tackett
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study

Relational aggression – or behavior intended to harm the relationships of its victims – has been the focus of interdisciplinary study across developmental, clinical, personality, and social psychology in the last several decades. One of the primary measures used to assess relational aggression in youth is the Children’s Social Behavior Scale (CSBS; Crick &amp; Grotpeter, 1995), but despite its common usage, the construct validity of this measure has not been comprehensively assessed. In the present study, we used a multistage construct validity framework to thoroughly investigate the nature of relational aggression across six community samples totaling 3,102 youth and their caregivers. We used multiple methods to map the reliability, internal or structural validity, and external validity of this scale. Through these analyses, we found that CSBS Relational Aggression demonstrated strong internal consistency, test-retest, and interrater reliability as well as a robust single factor structure and invariance across multiple demographic groups. External validity analyses positioned relational aggression within a theoretically consistent nomological net including psychopathology, personality, and social developmental factors. Contrary to concerns about the validity of self- and parent-reports of relational aggression, both parent- and youth-report forms of the CSBS Relational Aggression scale demonstrated strong reliability and validity. While construct validation has received inadequate attention in the psychological literature to date, through this project, we aimed to demonstrate how this approach may be used to investigate existing measures across psychological research.

Teacher Perceptions of Social Behavior in Behaviorally Disordered and Socially Normal Children and Youth

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Center ◽  
Alan M. Wascom
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Teacher Perceptions ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Teacher Perception ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Behaviorally Disordered

It has been argued that teacher perception of the behavior of students affects the interaction between teacher and student. This study attempted to determine if teachers perceive a difference between behaviorally disordered and socially normal students in terms of interpersonal behavior. A total of 410 subjects between the ages of 8 and 15 classified as either behaviorally disordered or socially normal were assessed using the Social Performance Survey Schedule. Data analysis included the MANOVA and oneway analysis of variance. The results indicated that socially normal subjects were perceived as having significantly more prosocial behavior and significantly less antisocial behavior than behaviorally disordered subjects. Further, female subjects were perceived as having significantly more prosocial behavior and less antisocial behavior than males. The teachers perceived significant improvement in prosocial behavior with increasing age. Teachers also perceived a significant increase in negative social behavior for normal secondary-age students but not for behaviorally disordered students. Behaviorally disordered students, however, continued to be perceived as significantly worse at both age levels. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Contrasts in Social Behavior and Personality of Children

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Gabrys
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This research investigated the possible association between two types of social behavior and personality as measured by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Junior. Children's ages ranged from 9 to 16 yr. The first study confirmed the test's validity and reliability for 109 boys and girls and approximated the data reported for normative samples. The second study, involving a total of 232 youngsters, concerned the presumed relationship between “prosocial” and “antisocial” behavior, as reported by the referring agency, and children's self-reports (Group 1) or ratings provided by both parents (Group 2). Concordance of judges was in the .7 and .8 range. The main findings were that there might be a relationship between prosocial and between antisocial behavior of youths and the personality sphere. Prosocial subjects were rated low on Psychoticism, low on Neuroticism, and high on the Lie scale. By contrast, antisocial children scored high on Psychoticism, high on Neuroticism, and low on the Lie scale. The contrasting groups did not differ on the measure of Extraversion. The present findings are interpreted as supporting the claims for reliability and discriminant validity of the test. The findings, in part, clarify the meaning of the Psychoticism scale and also suggest a new role for the Lie scale. Possibilities for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Moderate the MAOA-L Allele Expression with CRISPR/Cas9 System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin L. Nelwan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Maoa Gene ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Allele Expression ◽  
Future Technologies ◽  
Healthy Males

Antisocial behavior is a behavior disorder inherited according to the inheritance of X-linked chromosome. This disorder derives from mutations in the MAOA gene. One of the mutations is the MAOA-L allele and result in MAOA-L activity. The MAOA-L allele activity can cause antisocial behavior in both healthy and unhealthy people. Antisocial behavior from healthy males can originate from maltreatment during childhood. Currently, MAOA inhibitor can reverse antisocial behavior to normal behavior in animal models. However, this disorder cannot be treated permanently; to treat it permanently in the future, technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, iPSCs and ssODN are required. These technologies have succeeded to correct erroneous segments in the F8 gene and F9 gene. Both genes occupy the X chromosome. The MAOA gene also occupies the X chromosome. It is reasonable to state that CRISPR/Cas9 and iPSCs technique for instance can be beneficial tools to edit the MAOA gene to treat antisocial behavior. CRISPR/Cas9 can be used in combination with iPSCs or ssODN for instance. This combination can greatly help the permanent healing of antisocial behavioral disorders.

scholarly journals Examining Etiological Connection Between Antisocial Behavior and Moral Disengagement: Evidence from Tourism & Hospitality Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Amna Tariq ◽  
Shahzad Khurram ◽  
Amir Ishaque
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Ethical Standard ◽  
Ethical Orientation ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism

It is estimated that by 2025 tourism & hospitality sector will contribute US$7.1 billion (? 1 trillion) to the economy of Pakistan. However, one can only attach such high hopes to this sector when human resource in this sector displays prosocial and not anti-social behavior to both domestic and foreign tourists. The objective of the study is to examine the level of antisocial behavior of the managers working in this sector and test its relationship with moral disengagement. We also examine ethical orientation as mediator and ethical leadership as moderator in this relationship. Data were collected from 253 managers working in the hospitality and tourism sector of Pakistan. We find that moral disengagement has significant effect in promoting anti-social behavior by easing and expediting a process where actors convince themselves that ethical standard do not apply on them. We also find that ethical orientation mediates and ethical leadership moderates this relationship respectively.

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