Why do corporate elites form cohesive networks in some countries, and do not in others? Cross-national analysis of corporate elite networks in Latin America

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Corporate Elite ◽  
Elite Networks ◽  
Corporate Elites ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

A Cross-National Comparison of Sub-National Variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 908-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Enriquez ◽  
Martin Sybblis ◽  
Miguel Angel Centeno
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
State Capacity ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Services ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Previous research has highlighted that, in addition to being operationally opaque, the concept of state capacity has been confined to national and cross-national analysis, with inadequate attention paid to variations at the regional and sub-national levels of the state. Our current research seeks to help remedy this lacuna. Inspired by the growing consensus that state capacity is not monolithic, but instead comprises capabilities distributed in distinct ways across sectors and institutions, we have developed a parsimonious approach to understanding the concept so as to increase its utility. Specifically, we explore variations in the provision of government services across sectors, wealth, geography, and urbanity in three countries: India, Peru, and Ukraine—representing Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. Importantly, we offer an analysis of state capacity as a function of variation as measured by standard deviation.

scholarly journals From Integrated to Fragmented Elites. The Core of Swiss Elite Networks 1910-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Rossier ◽  
Christoph Houman Ellersgaard ◽  
Anton Grau Larsen ◽  
Jacob Aagaard Lunding
Keyword(s):  
Family Ties ◽  
The Core ◽  
Corporate Elite ◽  
Elite Networks ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Transnational Connections ◽  
Network Cohesion ◽  
Corporate Elites ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Over Time

This article focuses on historical elite dynamics and investigates elites’ integration over time. We describe the changing relations and composition of the central circles in Swiss elite networks at seven benchmark years between 1910 and 2015 by relying on 22,262 elite individuals tied to 2587 organisations among eight key sectors, and identify for each year the most connected core of individuals. We explore network cohesion and sectoral bridging of the elite core and find that it moved from being a unitary corporate elite following family-based elite reproduction, before 1945, to an integrated corporatist elite involved in educational and professional-based reproduction, between the 1950s and 1980s, before fragmenting into a loose group in the 1990s onwards. The core was always dominated by business and their forms of legitimacy but, at times of crisis to the hegemony of corporate elites, elite circles expanded and included individuals with delegated forms of power, such as politicians and unionists, detaining more university credentials, and less transnational connections and elite family ties.

Cross-National Analysis of Islamic Fundamentalism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Moaddel ◽  
Kristine J. Ajrouch
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Democracy in Unequal Terms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

This chapter summarizes the results of this study: changes in social structure and participation patterns are increasing social-status-based inequality in political participation. Those with higher educational levels, incomes, or occupation have greater political voice, while lower-status individuals are less politically involved. Moreover, the politically rich are getting richer, and the politically poor are getting poorer. The chapter then discusses the implications of these results. The chapter considers claims that participation erodes governance and some form of epistocracy (rule by the knowledgeable) is preferable. Cross-national analysis shows that well-governed democracies have high levels of citizen participation, including both conventional and contentious forms of action. In addition, the size of the SES participation gap is negatively related to good governance. The conclusion discusses ways that democracies might narrow the participation gap and give voice to those citizens who need government support.

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