Supplemental Material for Do Needs for Security and Certainty Predict Cultural and Economic Conservatism? A Cross-National Analysis

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Cross-National Analysis of Islamic Fundamentalism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Moaddel ◽  
Kristine J. Ajrouch
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Democracy in Unequal Terms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

This chapter summarizes the results of this study: changes in social structure and participation patterns are increasing social-status-based inequality in political participation. Those with higher educational levels, incomes, or occupation have greater political voice, while lower-status individuals are less politically involved. Moreover, the politically rich are getting richer, and the politically poor are getting poorer. The chapter then discusses the implications of these results. The chapter considers claims that participation erodes governance and some form of epistocracy (rule by the knowledgeable) is preferable. Cross-national analysis shows that well-governed democracies have high levels of citizen participation, including both conventional and contentious forms of action. In addition, the size of the SES participation gap is negatively related to good governance. The conclusion discusses ways that democracies might narrow the participation gap and give voice to those citizens who need government support.

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