scholarly journals Producer Behaviour, Market Structure, and Technology in Indian Dairy Industry

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushaar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives ◽  
The Impact

This paper develops the hypothesis that modern dairy cooperatives are able to generate a sizable surplus which is not the conventional producer's surplus. Besides examining the relevance of this surplus to the problem of two‐axis pricing of milk, the author also discusses, in some detail, the impact of this surplus on the economics of a typical feeder balancing dairy.

scholarly journals Exploring the Sustainability of the Cooperative Model in Dairy: The Case of the Netherlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos Bijman
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Cooperative Model ◽  
Cooperative Evolution ◽  
Transaction Costs Economics ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives ◽  
The Impact

Dairy cooperatives have existed in the Netherlands for more than 130 years. They hold a joint market share of more than 80% since the 1950s. This suggests that cooperatives are durable organizations in the dairy industry of the Netherlands. However, the number of dairy cooperatives has declined tremendously, with only five processing cooperatives left in 2015. The paper explores the paradox of high cooperative market share over a long period of time with a steady decline in the number of cooperatives. This historical account of the Dutch dairy industry distinguishes four periods of cooperative evolution. Classical theoretical explanations for the existence of cooperatives, such as bargaining power and transaction costs economics, can explain the rise of dairy cooperatives. However, they cannot sufficiently explain the long term success of the cooperative model in the Dutch dairy industry. Additional explanations can be found in institutional theory, including the impact of an enabling institutional environment.

The Impact of Structural Reforms and Regulations on the Demand Side in the Railway Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Fumitoshi Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Structural Reform ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Public Ownership ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main purpose of this study is to evaluate factors affecting passenger rail demand, with special attention to the effects of structural reform/regulation and competition. In order to do this, we use data obtained from 30 OECD countries for the 24 years from 1990 to 2013. As structural reform/regulation and competition variables, we take the OECD’s five kinds of regulatory indices: (i) overall, (ii) entry, (iii) public ownership, (iv) vertical integration, and (v) market structure; and for competition variables, we take (vi) rail passenger-freight ratio, (vii) rail share, and (viii) high-speed train ratio. As estimation methods, both the fixed effect model and the Hausman-Taylor estimation model are used. The major findings are as follows. First, competition as competitiveness (i.e. the share of rail, passenger over freight ratio) increases passenger demand. And the existence of high-speed trains increases passenger demand. Second, overall, entry regulation, and market structure have no significant effect on demand. Third, public ownership affects passenger demand positively. Last, vertical integration reduces passenger demand.

Banking market structure and efficiency: an assessment of the USA and Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah U-Din ◽  
David Tripe
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe study aims to analyze the changes in banking market structure and their impact on the bank efficiency.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a one-stage stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compare the impact of the market structure and the GFC on the economic efficiency of the major banks in both countries.FindingsA significant negative impact of the GFC is observed on bank efficiency. Overall, Canadian banks posted better efficiency scores than their American counterparts. Additionally, cost-efficient banks are found to be more resilient to crises and more profit-efficient in the post-GFC period. The authors found that market power had a positive impact on the cost and profit efficiency of banks. Higher levels of equity, market power and concentration helped banks be more cost-efficient.Research limitations/implicationsOnly large banks are selected for study although it represents the majority stake of both banking sectors.Practical implicationsBanking regulators should include more measures to assess the banking market structure and performance.Originality/valueAs per the best knowledge of the authors, it is the first study to assess the change in banking market structure and efficiency of the US and Canadian banking sectors in the post-GFC period.

Optimal Feed‐In Tariff Policies: The Impact of Market Structure and Technology Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Goodarzi ◽  
Sam Aflaki ◽  
Andrea Masini
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Optimal Feed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feed In Tariff

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTIC PRODUCTS ON THE QUALITY OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN DAIRY INDUSTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Elena I. VIALKOVA ◽  
Olga V. SIDORENKO ◽  
Ekaterina S. GLUSHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays there is the problem of the effective treatment of dairy industry plants’ wastewaters. Industrial wastewaters of these plants have high concentrations of organic matters and differ significantly from domestic wastewaters. The method of intensification of dairy wastewaters treatment in Tyumen region, using probiotic «PIP Plus WATER» (Belgium) is considered in this article. The article presents the results of conducted research on the impact of the probiotic on such wastewaters indices as pH, chemical oxygen demand, anionic surfactants, ammonium, nitrites, nitrates and phosphates concentrations. The comparison among different ways of wastewater treatment with probiotics has been made. Based on obtained results technological scheme of local treatment plant of dairy industry plant has been suggested.

scholarly journals Current information and technology priorities of dairy farmers - a challenge for agricultural researchers

1997 ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Juliet Macclean ◽  
John Penno ◽  
Steve Howse
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Interactive Workshop ◽  
The Impact

Farmers' conferences have been a key technology transfer mechanism for agricultural research over many years. However, farmer support for these events has been declining. As part of a review of the Ruakura Dairy Farmers' Conference, a study was conducted to determine the information needs of dairy farmers, and establish the best methods of communicating research findings to farmers at conferences. The four predominant information needs of dairy farmers pertained to increasing the efficiency of labour use, increasing farm profitability, reducing the impact of farm practice on the environment and animal welfare, and increasing business management skills. While many of these broad categories fall outside the traditional sphere of agricultural research, researchers must relate their findings to these information needs if they are to communicate research effectively. Conference organisers must provide farmer audiences with a programme which is directly related to their goals. To improve communication there should be a move away from lecture-based presentations to interactive workshop and seminar sessions. Not only does this better suit the learning style of many farmers, but it provides researchers with an opportunity to receive feedback on their ideas from those who will apply the knowledge. Agricultural scientists may need to change the emphasis of their research and assess their methods of technology transfer if they are to continue to make a major contribution to the grass roots level of the dairy industry. Keywords: conference, dairy industry, information needs, technology transfer

Empirical evaluation of structure-conduct-performance paradigm as applied to the Iranian Islamic banking system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Ghaemi Asl ◽  
Muhammad Mahdi Rashidi ◽  
Alireza Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of market structure and market share on the performance of the Islamic banks operating in the Iranian banking system based on the structure-conduct-performance (SCP) paradigm. Design/methodology/approach The Iranian Islamic banking system’s market structure is evaluated by using the econometrics method to test the validity of the traditional SCP paradigm. For this purpose, the authors estimate a simple regression model that is consisted of several independent variables, such as the market share, bank size, real gross domestic product, liquidity and Herfindahl-Hirschman index as a proxy variable for concentration and one dependent variable, namely, the profit as a proxy for performance. The panel data includes a data sample of 22 Islamic banks operating from 2006 to 2019. Data are extracted from the balance sheet of Islamic banks and the time-series database of the Central Bank of Iran and World Bank. Findings The study’s findings indicate that both concentration and market share have a positive impact on the performance of banks in the Iranian Islamic banking system. This result is contradicted with both traditional SCP and efficient structure hypotheses; however, it confirms the existence of oligopoly or cartel in the Iranian Islamic banking system that few banks try to gain the highest share of profit and maintain their market share by colluding with each other. This result is in contradiction with other research studies about the market structure in the Iranian banking system that claimed that banks in Iran operate under monopolistic competition. In addition, it shows that the privatization of some banks in Iran does not improve and help competition in the Iranian banking system. Originality/value This paper is a pioneer empirical study analyzing the market structure, concentration and collusion based on the SCP paradigm in Iranian Islamic banking. The results of the study support the existence of collusive behavior among the Islamic bank in Iran that is not aligned with Sharia. This study clearly shows the difference between ideal Islamic banking and Islamic banking in practice in Islamic countries. This clearly indicates that only prohibiting some operations like receiving interest, gambling and bearing excessive risk is not enough. In fact, the Islamic banking system should be based on the Sharia rule in all aspects and much more modification and study have to be done to achieve an appropriate Islamic banking system. These possible modifications to overcome the issues of cartel-like market structure and collusive behavior in the Iranian Islamic banking system include making the Iranian banking system more transparent, letting foreign banks enter the Iranian banking system and minimizing the government intervention in the Iranian banking system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document