Effects of Background Lighting Color and Movement Distance on Reaching Times Among Participants With Low Vision, Myopia, and Normal Vision

2016 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-532
Author(s):  
Chun-Fu Chen ◽  
Kuo-Chen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Movement Distance

Relative-size Magnification versus Relative-distance Magnification: Effect on the Reading Performance of Adults with Normal and Low Vision

1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Lovie-Kitchin ◽  
Steve Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Relative Distance ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Optical Correction ◽  
Character Size ◽  
Print Size ◽  
Reading Distance ◽  
Magnification Effect

In the study reported here, the effect of character size on the reading rates of adults with normal and low vision was measured using both relative-size magnification (by which the print size is increased) and relative-distance magnification (by which the reading distance is decreased with appropriate optical correction). With relative-distance magnification, the reading rates of the subjects with normal vision were slower at close distances, but the results were small and inconsistent. For the subjects with low vision, the magnification method did not affect their reading rates.

scholarly journals Reading Rate of Normal Vision Persons. Comparision With Low Vision persons.

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Marie Miwa ◽  
Hiromi Hayashi ◽  
Kazuko Kanno ◽  
Akio Kubo ◽  
Misako Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Normal Vision

scholarly journals Alterations in Heart rate Variability in Blind Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaldo D. Moreno ◽  
Natália P. Moreno-Mantilla ◽  
Marcos V. M. Lima ◽  
Mauro J. D. Morais ◽  
Vitor E. Valenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
Hrv Analysis ◽  
Blind Patients

Abstract Blindness affect the daily life activities and the causes and prevalence are different worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of the autonomic nervous system modulation on the heart in blind and normal vision subjects submitted acutely to low vision. Normal vision (NV) subjects (N = 32) and blind patients (N = 24) were submitted to HRV analysis during resting, intervention and recovery periods. Intervention consisted of handling objects, short walking, and cognitive activities performed with pedagogic games while using sleeping masks. No difference was observed in indexes in the time and frequency domain, and in the geometric indexes comparing blind and NV subjected to acute low vision during resting and recovery. Nevertheless, during intervention, RMSSD, pNN50, and SD1were found lower in blind than in NV subjects. Therefore, blind patients showed similar HRV at resting or upon possible stressful challenges compared to NV subjects acutely subjected to low vision, indicating absence of differences in the cardiovascular risk between groups. In addition, blind patients show a smaller reduction in parasympathetic modulation on the heart during possible stressful challenges than NV individuals submitted to low vision, which is likely an important physiological adaptation for an adequate function of the cardiovascular system in blindness.

scholarly journals DIFICULTADES EN EL AUTOCONCEPTO DESDE LA NIÑEZ A LA JUVENTUD EN PERSONAS CON BAJA VISIÓN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
M. Dolores López-Justicia
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Early School ◽  
Teaching Learning

Abstract.SELF-CONCEPT DIFFICULTIES FROM CHILDHOOD TO YOUTH IN PEOPLE WITH LOW VISIONThe present study had as its main objective to determine if children, adolescents, and young people with low vision, showed differences in the self-concept with respect to equal without visual difficulties. The total population of participants was divided into four age groups: 4 to 7 years, 8 to 11, 12 to 17 and 18 to 30 years. The results of the various analyzes carried out showed that those affected by low vision obtained lower scores in some dimensions of the self-concept in the four age groups, compared with peers of normal vision. This leads to highlight the need to act in the psycho Self-concept difficulties from childhood to youth in people with low vision The present study had as its main objective to determine if children, adolescents, and young people with low vision, showed differences in the self-concept with respect to equal without visual difficulties. The total population of participants was divided into four age groups: 4 to 7 years, 8 to 11, 12 to 17 and 18 to 30 years. The results of the various analyzes carried out showed that those affected by low vision obtained lower scores in some dimensions of the self-concept in the four age groups, compared with peers of normal vision. This leads to highlight the need to act in the psychoeducational field to influence the adequate development of the self-concept from the early school years. It is concluded by making a call of attention to teachers involved in their education, in order to provide support in the curricular areas that require it and introduce methodological changes in the teaching-learning process that will help these children and young people to improve their selfconcept and academic performance, as well as to facilitate their social inclusion.Keywords: self-concept; low vision; childhood; youth; educationResumen.El presente estudio se planteó como objetivo principal determinar si niños/as, adolescentes y jóvenes afectados de baja visión, mostraban diferencias en el autoconcepto respecto a iguales sin dificultades visuales. La población total de participantes se dividió en cuatro grupos de edades: de 4 a 7 años, de 8 a 11, de 12 a 17 y de 18 a 30 años. Los resultados de los distintos análisis efectuados pusieron de manifiesto que en los cuatro grupos de edad se obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en algunas dimensiones del autoconcepto en los afectados por baja visión, comparados con sus iguales de visión normal. Esto lleva a poner de relieve la conveniencia de actuar en el ámbito psico-educativo para incidir en el desarrollo adecuado del autoconcepto desde los primeros años escolares. Se concluye haciendo una llamada de atención a los docentes que intervienen en su educación con el fin de proporcionar apoyo en las áreas curriculares que lo requieran, e introducir cambios metodológicos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que permita ayudar a estos niños/as y jóvenes a mejorar su autoconcepto y rendimiento escolar, así como facilitar su inclusión social.Palabras clave: autoconcepto; baja visión; niñez; juventud; educación.

scholarly journals SELF-ESTEEM OF TEENS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS AS A PREDICTOR OF HARDINESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Miklyaeva ◽  
Irina A. Gorkovaya
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Health And Well Being

<p>The paper discusses the problem of visually impaired teens’ hardiness and its predictors. The results shows that teenagers with visual impairments do not differ from “healthy” peers in terms of hardiness, however, their self-esteem is different to teens with normal vision. Predictors of hardiness are: idealized representations of own health and well-being for blind adolescents; actual self-esteem of happiness and persprctive self-esteem for teenagers with low vision; actual self-esteem of happiness and mirrored self-esteem for “healthy” adolescents.</p>

Low Vision and Aniridia

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Bulmann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Normal Person ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Functional Changes

Aniridia affects many visual aspects of one’s life. This chapter will highlight many of these effects. Functional changes that occur due to aniridia will be discussed. Once the patient’s vision is assessed and goals are established with a thorough eye examination, numerous avenues can be taken to ensure the support of all the patient’s health care providers. Referrals can be made to appropriate professionals to ensure full understanding and management of the ocular condition. Visual acuity is the measurement used to determine vision levels. Normal vision is 20/20, which means that what a normal person sees at 20 feet, the patient sees at 20 feet. If their vision is 20/40, they would need to be at a distance of 20 feet to see what someone with normal vision can see at 40 feet. The decrease in visual acuity in those with aniridia usually ranges from under 20/60 to as low as approximately 20/400. This is due to the lack of development of the macular area, or fovea. The fovea is responsible for our clearest, most precise vision. Those with visual acuity of 20/200 or worse that is best corrected while wearing spectacles or contact lenses in the better-seeing eye are considered legally blind. While most people who suffer from aniridia are not legally blind, they are visual impaired. Visual impairment is defined as visual acuity of 20/70 in the better-seeing eye when optimally corrected with glasses or contact lenses. The designation of “visual impairment” also has a functionality factor. If a person has a reduction in the ability of the eye or the visual system to perform to a normal ability, he/she is considered visually impaired. Visual field is the measurement of peripheral vision. Those with aniridia may have decreased peripheral vision. This is not directly due to aniridia, but rather to glaucoma, which may develop due to structural changes in the eye. Glaucoma is explained in detail in the glaucoma chapter of this book.

The Effect of Visual Impairment on the Strength of Children's Hip and Knee Extensors

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wyatt ◽  
G.Y. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
Congenitally Blind ◽  
Leg Extensors

A test of the strength of children's hip and knee extensors found that children who were congenitally blind or had low vision had weaker knee extensors than did sighted children, but that after the correction for lean body weight (LBW), these differences were not significant. The children who were blind or had low vision also had weaker hip extensors, but after LBW correction, only the blind children's hip extensors were weaker than those of the children with normal vision. The findings indicate that congenitally blind children may be prone to develop weak leg extensors because of poor body build or the constraints of blindness and that they require extensive physical intervention during infancy.

Evaluating Visual Information Provided by Audio Description

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Peli ◽  
E.M. Fine ◽  
A.T. Labianca
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Better Than

Short segments of two TV programs without audio description (AD) were presented to 25 subjects with low vision and 24 subjects with normal vision, and 29 additional subjects heard only the standard audio portions. The subjects then answered questions based on the visual information contained in the AD of the programs. The subjects with normal vision performed the best, followed by those with low vision and those who heard only the audio portion; all performed at better than chance levels. The results indicate that although AD may provide information on visual details to visually impaired audiences, some of the information in the AD may be obtained from the standard audio portion.

scholarly journals The perceptual organization of space is preserved even if based on a different (quantity of) visual input

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Uma Rani
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Perceptual Organization ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Scaling Procedure ◽  
Representation Of Space

Purpose: We investigate the ability of adults with and without visual impairment estimate distances between stimuli in real environment. Methods: We evaluated 12 subjects aged between 20 and 40 years in which 6 subjects with normal vision (mean age=31.0, SD=6.5), and 6 subjects with visual impairment (mean age=27.7, SD=7.8). Two styrofoam balls of 10cm in diameter were used, painted in black and a line of white velcro of 3.5 meters was fixed in the floor of a hallway without lateral references. Psychophysical scaling was evaluated by magnitude estimation and the exponent of the Stevens' law was calculated. Results: The calculated exponent for the controls was 1.13 for near judgment and 1.11 for far distances. The low vision group showed exponent values of 1.01 for near and 0.96 for far distances judgment. There was a statistical difference for 120cm of distance between balls for near (F10=88.21, p<0.001) and a tendency to difference for 200cm (F10=3.81, p=0.079) between groups. Conclusions: Our scaling procedure shows that despite the reduction in the distance judged by the low vision subjects, their internal representation of space is preserved. Similar exponent values indicates that their suprathreshold impression of the distance follow the same rules of the normal subject.

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