Experimental investigation of failure mechanisms and evaluation of physical/mechanical properties of unidirectional flax–epoxy composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (20) ◽  
pp. 2781-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Saadati ◽  
Gilbert Lebrun ◽  
Jean-Francois Chatelain ◽  
Yves Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Flax Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Using natural fibers as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites necessitates evaluating the latter under different modes of solicitation. This allows extracting its material properties for engineering design and research purposes. The main objective of the study is preparing a consistent set of material properties for unidirectional flax fiber-reinforced epoxy composite with defined composition and basic configuration. These data are prerequisites for growing researches on flax fiber-reinforced epoxy composites, especially for numerical analysis purposes using the finite element method. In this work, partially green unidirectional-flax fiber-reinforced epoxy composites are tested for physical and mechanical properties and studied for their failure modes. Tension, compression, flexion, and shear properties, as well as physical properties like density, specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity, are evaluated according to ASTM standard test methods. Flax fibers, which are composites by themselves, come in bundles in the composites and demonstrate a complex behavior. Therefore, a fractographic analysis has been conducted to understand the macro and microscale failure mechanisms to correlate them with the material properties. The results are in good agreement with those of the literature, when available, but they mainly show the specific behavior of unidirectional-flax composites subject to different solicitation modes, especially compression and direct shear modes evaluated this way for the first time for unidirectional-flax fiber-reinforced epoxy composite. They cover most of the data required for engineering design and numerical analysis by methods like finite element method, particularly for simulating the machining process of flax fiber-reinforced epoxy composite in the ongoing works.

scholarly journals Effect of post curing temperature on mechanical properties of a flax fiber reinforced epoxy composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Campana ◽  
Romain Leger ◽  
Rodolphe Sonnier ◽  
Laurent Ferry ◽  
Patrick Ienny
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Flax Fiber ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

scholarly journals A New Approach of Mathematical Analysis of Structure of Graphene as a Potential Material for Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3918
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Jaroniek ◽  
Leszek Czechowski ◽  
Łukasz Kaczmarek ◽  
Tomasz Warga ◽  
Tomasz Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Superposition Method ◽  
Plane Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Element Method

The new analysis of a simplified plane model of single-layered graphene is presented in this work as a potential material for reinforcement in ultralight and durable composites. However, owing to the clear literature discrepancies regarding the mechanical properties of graphene, it is extremely difficult to conduct any numerical analysis to design parts of machines and devices made of composites. Therefore, it is necessary to first systemize the analytical and finite element method (FEM) calculations, which will synergize mathematical models, used in the analysis of mechanical properties of graphene sheets, with the very nature of the chemical bond. For this reason, the considered model is a hexagonal mesh simulating the bonds between carbon atoms in graphene. The determination of mechanical properties of graphene was solved using the superposition method and finite element method. The calculation of the graphene tension was performed for two main directions of the graphene arrangement: armchair and zigzag. The computed results were verified and referred to articles and papers in the accessible literature. It was stated that in unloaded flake of graphene, the equilibrium of forces exists; however, owing to changes of inter-atom distance, the inner forces occur, which are responsible for the appearance of strains.

Micro-mechanical analysis of the pineapple-reinforced polymeric composite by the inclusion of pineapple leaf particulates

2021 ◽  
pp. 146442072199085
Author(s):  
Abir Saha ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Divya Zindani ◽  
Sumit Bhowmik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Polymeric Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Plane Shear ◽  
Pineapple Leaf Fiber ◽  
Outer Plane ◽  
Leaf Fiber ◽  
Element Method

The present study is focused on investigating the effect of the micro-mechanical properties of the natural fiber- (pineapple leaf fiber) reinforced polymeric composites by the addition of pineapple leaf micro-particulates. For the investigation, a two-step approach has been used. In the first step, finite element method-based analysis has been used to characterize the tensile and shear properties of the pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (FRP) and pineapple paticulate-reinforced polymeric composites (PRC), and the adopted finite element method-based analysis has been validated through the experimental approach. In the second step, the validated finite element method-based analysis has been used to characterize the micro-mechanical properties of the hybrid fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (HFRP) fabricated using the pineapple leaf micro-particle embedded epoxy as a matrix material and the pineapple leaf fiber has been used as reinforcing material. It has been observed through the analysis that the micro-mechanical properties of HFRP were superior to that of FRP. There has been a 10.16% increment in Young’s modulus in the longitudinal direction and a 26.36% increment in Young’s modulus in the transverse direction for HFRP over FRP. Further, a 9.91% increment for in-plane shear modulus and 26.17% increment in outer-plane shear modulus have been observed for HFRP in comparison to FRP. These results suggest that pineapple leaf particulates are good reinforcing materials to enhance the transverse direction and outer plane micro-mechanical properties of the fiber-reinforced composite.

scholarly journals Stiffening material impact on the work of thin-walled element

2019 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Falkowicz
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

The subject of research is a numerical analysis of a thin-walled plate with a cut-out and stiffening, made of laminate and subjected to axial compression. The plate was made of a carbon-epoxy composite - a laminate consisting of eight symmetrically oriented plies. The scope of the research included a linear and nonlinear numerical analysis using Finite Element Method (FEM). The main objective of the study was to investigate behaviour of the considered plate made of various stiffening materials, under quasi-static compression to achieve Tsai-Wu criterion. The numerical analysis was conducted with the Abaqus, commercial FEM software package.

scholarly journals A Numerical Analysis of Reinforced T Shaped Concrete Beams by Polymeric Strap of CFRP and GFRP with Finite Element Method Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Marefat Naeini ◽  
Sayed Mahdi Moghadasi ◽  
Mostafa Omidi Bidgoli
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Element Method

In recent decades, researchers and structural engineers have shown great interest in the use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) plates/sheets for maintaining strength and durability in the utilization of concrete structures. In this study, reinforced-concrete beam with T-shaped cross-section is reinforced with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) plates and Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) plates under 4-points inflections by finite element method. In order to analyze the performance of the polymer plates used in the reinforcement of the considered concrete beams, some sheets with 5cm and 10 cm width having different formation patterns are joined to the concrete area. For this purpose, the angle between the lines of the plates and the longitudinal axis of the beam is varied based on four different degrees of gradations, from 30 to 90°. In addition, the role of these sheets in limiting the deformation of the beam in its U-shaped and full-wrapping conditions is studied. The transversal distance between the plates is also considered as equal to the width of plates. Seventy-two samples of concrete beams with C30 and C50 grades which were strengthened with polymer plates are compared with non-polymeric concrete beams. The numerical analysis results illustrate that the use of the different formation patterns and deflection angle of plates cause differences in the process of beam settlement. Further, the results show that C50 grade concrete samples are most effective in the reduction of concrete deformation when carbon fibers of 5cm width are used at an angle of 30 degrees with beam linear axis and traversal formation pattern. On the other hand, among the C30 grade samples, the best performance is related to the use of 5 cm carbon fibers which were utilized as full-wrapping. Under both aforementioned circumstances, the possible amount of the polymeric beam settlement over non-polymeric beam will decrease by about 50%.

scholarly journals Study on static and dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid palm stalk fiber reinforced epoxy composites

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 4249-4270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jnanaranjan Kar ◽  
Arun Kumar Rout ◽  
Alekha Kumar Sutar ◽  
Tanmay Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Cole Plot ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

Static and dynamic effects of palm leaf stem stalk (PLSS) powder were investigated relative to the bi-directional palm stalk fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The PLSS bio-filler was incorporated into the epoxy resin by varying its content from 0 to 15 wt%. The hybrid palm-epoxy composites were manufactured using the hand-lay-up technique followed by light compression molding. The results for the mechanical properties of the PLSS particle (15 wt%)/palm/epoxy composites indicated an improvement in the tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength by approximately 33, 32, and 21%, respectively, when compared to the palm/epoxy composite. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the composites showed an enhancement in the storage modulus, loss modulus and damping capacity (tan ) by approximately 75, 95, and 47%, respectively, when compared to the palm/epoxy composite. The fiber-matrix interaction was studied using a Cole-Cole plot analysis. The swelling and degradation resistance of the composites was increased with filler addition.

scholarly journals Interfacial Compatibility Evaluation on the Fiber Treatment in the Typha Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites and Their Effect on the Chemical and Mechanical Properties

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samsul Rizal ◽  
Ikramullah ◽  
Deepu Gopakumar ◽  
Sulaiman Thalib ◽  
Syifaul Huzni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Interfacial Compatibility

Natural fiber composites have been widely used for various applications such as automotive components, aircraft components and sports equipment. Among the natural fibers Typha spp have gained considerable attention to replace synthetic fibers due to their unique nature. The untreated and alkali-treated fibers treated in different durations were dried under the sun for 4 h prior to the fabrication of Typha fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The chemical structure and crystallinity index of composites were examined via FT-IR and XRD respectively. The tensile, flexural and impact tests were conducted to investigate the effect of the alkali treated Typha fibers on the epoxy composite. From the microscopy analysis, it was observed that the fracture mechanism of the composite was due to the fiber and matrix debonding, fiber pull out from the matrix, and fiber damage. The tensile, flexural and impact strength of the Typha fiber reinforced epoxy composite were increased after 5% alkaline immersion compared to untreated Typha fiber composite. From these results, it can be concluded that the alkali treatment on Typha fiber could improve the interfacial compatibility between epoxy resin and Typha fiber, which resulted in the better mechanical properties and made the composite more hydrophobic. So far there is no comprehensive report about Typha fiber reinforcing epoxy composite, investigating the effect of the alkali treatment duration on the interfacial compatibility, and their effect on chemical and mechanical of Typha fiber reinforced composite, which plays a vital role to provide the overall mechanical performance to the composite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document