SUBSEQUENT NATION-WIDE EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR II NAVY PSYCHIATRIC TRAINING PROGRAM

During World War II, Raleigh Schorling gave extensively of his time and knowledge to the Training Program of the United States Navy. The idea of a Navy training program was not entirely new. In fact, as far back as World War I, the Navy had instituted a system of Training Course Manuals for use by enlisted men who were striving for promotion in their respective rates. However, the available training courses in all ratings were limited in number and, at the time of Pearl Harbor, considerably outdated. Naval Aviation meanwhile had become a large and extremely important part of the Navy. There were more than 22 regular aviation ratings and 13 specialist designations, but only four training manuals.

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Scholars in Foxholes: The Story of the Army Specialized Training Program in World War II.

The Journal of Military History ◽

10.2307/1986117 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 450

Author(s):

Brooks E. Kleber ◽

Louis E. Keefer

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Training Program ◽

Specialized Training ◽

World War ◽

Specialized Training Program

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Social Science and State Policy in World War II: Human Relations, Pedagogy, and Industrial Training, 1940–1945

The Business History Review ◽

10.2307/4127839 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 233-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

William J. Breen

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Social Science ◽

Training Program ◽

Organized Labor ◽

Scientific Management ◽

Human Relations ◽

World War ◽

Industrial Training ◽

Social Scientists ◽

Innovative Methods

During World War II, the organization Training Within Industry (TWI) developed programs to help industry cope with the flood of new and unskilled war workers. Guided by representatives of the new profession of personnel management and assisted by university-based social scientists, the organization developed innovative methods of industrial training that drew on both the scientific management tradition and the newer human relations approach fostered by the Hawthorne experiments. The introduction of the human relations approach was severely criticized in the postwar era for its manipulative potential, but the wartime training program on which it wasbased did not exhibit that tendency. Moreover, management, which theoretically should have embraced TWI programs, was unsupportive, and organized labor, which had reason to be suspicious, wasvery responsive. Workplace reform, not the psychological conditioning of workers, drove the TWI programs.

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