scholarly journals Extension of Drought Records for Central Asia Using Tree Rings: West-Central Mongolia*

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Davi ◽  
G. C. Jacoby ◽  
A. E. Curtis ◽  
N. Baatarbileg
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Central Mongolia ◽  
West Central ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Solar Influence ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Eastern Mongolia

Abstract Central Asian drought has had drastic impacts on vast regions over recent years. Longer records and insight into temporal drought patterns could aid greatly in anticipating extreme events and agrarian planning. Mongolia is representative of the central Asian region, and tree-ring resources are used herein to extend the climate record and test for solar influence and/or Pacific Ocean teleconnections. Absolutely dated tree-ring-width chronologies from five sampling sites in west-central Mongolia were used in precipitation models and an individual model was made using the longest of the five tree-ring records (1340–2002). The tree-ring sites are in or near the Selenge River basin, the largest river in Mongolia and a major input into Lake Baikal in Siberia. Regression models resulted in a reconstruction of streamflow that extends from 1637 to 1997 and explains 49% of the flow variation. Spectral analysis indicated significant variation in the frequencies common to Pacific Ocean variations [Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) and ENSO] and also some quasi-solar and lunar-nodal periodicities similar to previous Mongolian hydrometeorological reconstructions in eastern Mongolia based on tree rings.

scholarly journals A 422-Year Reconstruction of the Kaiken River Streamflow, Xinjiang, Northwest China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1100
Author(s):  
Heli Zhang ◽  
Huaming Shang ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Youping Chen ◽  
Shulong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
The Past ◽  
Runoff Variation ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Solar Influence

Our understanding of Central Asian historical streamflow variability is still limited because of short instrumental hydrologcial records. Based on tree-ring cores collected from three sampling sites in Kaiken River basin near Tien Shan, a regional tree-ring width chronology were developed. The correlation analysis showed that the runoff of Kaiken River from previous August to current June was significantly correlated with the regional chronology, and the high correlation coefficient was 0.661 (P < 0.01). Based on the regional chronology, the August-June runoff of Kaiken River has been reconstructed over the past 422 year, and it accounted for 43.7% of actual runoff variance during the common period 1983–2013. The reconstruction model is reliable, and the trend of observed and reconstructed data is relatively consistent. The results of multi-taper spectral analysis for the runoff reconstruction indicated some remarkable cycles for the past 422 years; the 11.5-year cycles correspond to the solar cycle and is found widely in runoff reconstructions in Central Asia. This may imply a solar influence on the hydroclimate variations of Tien Shan. The runoff reconstruction of Kaiken River compares well with runoff reconstructions the Urumqi River and Manas River, and implies that there is a common driving factor for the runoff in central Tien Shan, China. The analysis of linkages between climate variation and the runoff reconstruction of Kaiken River shows that there is a relationship between extremes in runoff variation and abnormal atmospheric circulations. Our 422-year steamflow reconstruction provides long-term perspective on current and 20th century hydrological events in central Tien Shan, is useful for aids sustainable water management and addresses regional climate change challenges.

Drought signals inferred from ring-width and stable carbon isotope chronologies from Thuja occidentalis trees growing at their northwestern distribution limit, central Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Au ◽  
Jacques C. Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotopes ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Central Canada

Stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) fixed in tree rings are dependent upon environmental conditions. Old northern white-cedar ( Thuja occidentalis L.) trees were sampled at their northwestern limit of distribution in central Canada. The objectives of the study were (i) to investigate the association between tree-ring δ13C values and radial growth in addition to the response of these variables to climate, (ii) to assess site differences between two sites varying in moisture regime, and (iii) to compare tree-ring δ13C of T. occidentalis with that of other boreal tree species growing at the northern limit of their distribution in central Canada. Over 2500 tree rings comprised of 15 T. occidentalis trees were analyzed for δ13C. Annually resolved δ13C (1650–2006) and ring-width (1542–2006) chronologies were developed. During the year of ring formation, ring width was associated with spring and early-summer conditions, whereas δ13C was more indicative of overall summer conditions. However, compared with δ13C values, ring width was more often associated with climate conditions in the year prior to ring formation. Conditions conducive to moisture stress were important for both parameters. Although ring width and δ13C corresponded to the drought intervals of the 1790s, 1840s, 1890s, 1930s, and 1960–1970, ring width may be more responsive to prolonged drought than δ13C. Tree-ring δ13C could, however, provide important information regarding physiological adaptations to drought.

scholarly journals Dendrochronological analysis and growth patterns of Polylepis reticulata (Rosaceae) in the Ecuadorian Andes

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-S5 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alvites ◽  
G. Battipaglia ◽  
G. Santopuoli ◽  
H. Hampel ◽  
R.F. Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Sources Of Information

ABSTRACTRelict tree species in the Andean mountains are important sources of information about climate variability and climate change. This study deals with dendroclimatology and growth patterns in Polylepis reticulata Hieron., growing at high elevation (mean of 4000 m a.s.l.) in three sites of the Ecuadorian Andes. The aims of the research were: (i) characterizing tree-ring boundaries; (ii) describing tree-ring patterns of the study sites; (iii) investigating the relationships between climate and radial tree growth; and (iv) determining the spatial correlation between seasonal climatic factors and tree-ring width of P. reticulata. Tree rings were characterized by semi-ring porosity and slight differences in fibre wall thickness between latewood and subsequent earlywood. In all sampling sites, tree rings in heartwood were more clearly visible than in sapwood. Tree-ring width was more related to temperature than to precipitation, with growth being also affected by site conditions and stand structure, as well as other local factors. No significant relationships were found between tree-ring chronologies of P. reticulata and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Vapour Pressure Deficit indices. The study highlights that there is not a clear driving climate factor for radial growth of P. reticulata. Additional research is needed to study growth dynamics of this species and the impacts of local environmental variables.

scholarly journals Advanced X-ray CT scanning can boost tree ring research for earth system sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Van den Bulcke ◽  
Marijn A Boone ◽  
Jelle Dhaene ◽  
Denis Van Loo ◽  
Luc Van Hoorebeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Earth System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Wood Traits ◽  
Ct System

AbstractBackground and AimsTree rings, as archives of the past and biosensors of the present, offer unique opportunities to study influences of the fluctuating environment over decades to centuries. As such, tree-ring-based wood traits are capital input for global vegetation models. To contribute to earth system sciences, however, sufficient spatial coverage is required of detailed individual-based measurements, necessitating large amounts of data. X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning is one of the few techniques that can deliver such data sets.MethodsIncrement cores of four different temperate tree species were scanned with a state-of-the-art X-ray CT system at resolutions ranging from 60 μm down to 4.5 μm, with an additional scan at a resolution of 0.8 μm of a splinter-sized sample using a second X-ray CT system to highlight the potential of cell-level scanning. Calibration-free densitometry, based on full scanner simulation of a third X-ray CT system, is illustrated on increment cores of a tropical tree species.Key ResultsWe show how multiscale scanning offers unprecedented potential for mapping tree rings and wood traits without sample manipulation and with limited operator intervention. Custom-designed sample holders enable simultaneous scanning of multiple increment cores at resolutions sufficient for tree ring analysis and densitometry as well as single core scanning enabling quantitative wood anatomy, thereby approaching the conventional thin section approach. Standardized X-ray CT volumes are, furthermore, ideal input imagery for automated pipelines with neural-based learning for tree ring detection and measurements of wood traits.ConclusionsAdvanced X-ray CT scanning for high-throughput processing of increment cores is within reach, generating pith-to-bark ring width series, density profiles and wood trait data. This would allow contribution to large-scale monitoring and modelling efforts with sufficient global coverage.

Dendroclimatology and Dendroecology

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Fritts
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Tree Ring Data

Dendrochronology is the science of dating annual growth layers (rings) in woody plants. Two related subdisciplines are dendroclimatology and dendroecology. The former uses the information in dated rings to study problems of present and past climates, while the latter deals with changes in the local environment rather than regional climate.Successful applications of dendroclimatology and dendroecology depend upon careful stratification. Ring-width samples are selected from trees on limiting sites, where widths of growth layers vary greatly from one year to the next (sensitivity) and autocorrelation of the widths is not high. Rings also must be cross-dated and sufficiently replicated to provide precise dating. This selection and dating assures that the climatic information common to all trees, which is analogous to the “signal”, is large and properly placed in time. The random error or nonclimatic variations in growth, among trees, is analogous to “noise” and is reduced when ring-width indices are averaged for many trees.Some basic facts about the growth are presented along with a discussion of important physiological processes operating throughout the roots, stems, and leaves. Certain gradients associated with tree height, cambial age, and physiological activity control the size of the growth layers as they vary throughout the tree. These biological gradients interact with environmental variables and complicate the task of modeling the relationships linking growth with environment.Biological models are described for the relationships between variations in ring widths from conifers on arid sites, and variations in temperature and precpitation. These climatic factors may influence the tree at any time in the year. Conditions preceding the growing season sometimes have a greater influence on ring width than conditions during the growing season, and the relative effects of these factors on growth vary with latitude, altitude, and differences in factors of the site. The effects of some climatic factors on growth are negligible during certain times of the year, but important at other times. Climatic factors are sometimes directly related to growth and at other times are inversely related to growth. Statistical methods are described for ascertaining these differences in the climatic response of trees from different sites.A practical example is given of a tree-ring study and the mechanics are described for stratification and selection of tree-ring materials, for laboratory preparation, for cross-dating, and for computer processing. Several methods for calibration of the ring-width data with climatic variation are described. The most recent is multivariate analysis, which allows simultaneous calibration of a variety of tree-ring data representing different sites with a number of variables of climate.Several examples of applications of tree-ring analysis to problems of environment and climate are described. One is a specification from tree rings of anomalies in atmosphere circulation for a portion of the Northern Hemisphere since 1700 A.D. Another example treats and specifies past conditions in terms of conditional probabilities. Other methods of comparing present climate with past climate are described along with new developments in reconstructing past hydrologic conditions from tree rings.Tree-ring studies will be applied in the future to problems of temperate and mesic environments, and to problems of physiological, genetic, and anatomical variations within and among trees. New developments in the use of X-ray techniques will facilitate the measurement and study of cell size and cell density. Tree rings are an important source of information on productivity and dry-matter accumulation at various sites. Some tree-ring studies will deal with environmental pollution. Statistical developments will improve estimation of certain past anomalies in weather factors and the reconstructtion of atmosphere circulation associated with climate variability and change. Such information should improve chances for measuring and assessing the possibility of inadvertent modification of climate by man.

TREE-RING STUDIES IN INDIA PAST APPRAISAL, PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

IAWA Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalava Bhattacharyya ◽  
Santosh K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Climate Reconstruction ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Himalaya

A large number of tree species, especially of conifers growing in the Himalaya and a few broad-leaved taxa in the peninsular region, have been dendrochronologically analyzed in India. This paper is a review providing information as regards the present status and future prospects of tree-ring research in India. Many trees are recorded to have datable tree rings but only some of them have been used for climate reconstruction and other aspects, e.g., glacial fluctuation or palaeo-seismic dating. In future not only ring width which is widely used so far, but also other tree-ring parameters need to be analyzed for a better understanding of the regional climate and its linkage with other climatic phenomena in a global perspective.

Water Over the Bridge: Can We Connect Tree Rings and Overwash Deposits to Understand Regional Tropical Cyclone Variability?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Bregy ◽  
Justin Maxwell ◽  
Grant Harley ◽  
Emily Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Sensitivity Threshold ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
Latewood Density

&lt;p&gt;Despite significant advances in methods, reconstructions using multiple proxies are uncommon in paleotempestology. Studies employing multiproxy techniques often rely on homologous proxies (e.g., grain-size distribution and organic content, or total ring width and maximum latewood density) that complement one another as they often reflect similar processes occurring within tropical cyclones. Unifying seemingly diametric proxies (i.e., tree rings and overwash deposits) receives less attention as they typically record different aspects of a tropical cyclone over substantially different temporal resolutions. However, given the spatial characteristics of storm-related hazards, tree rings and overwash might be far more complementary than previously thought. Here, I present work reconstructing tropical cyclone rainfall using tree rings, from which I develop frequency curves based on the number of years receiving tropical cyclone rainfall amounts &amp;#8805;75th percentile. Using this new metric, I compare tree-ring-based reconstructions with near-annually- to decadally-resolved sediment records from Florida and The Bahamas. Through this comparison, I demonstrate both synchronous and asynchronous behavior between records, highlighting the possible presence of regional signatures and climate controls in storm activity. While there remain numerous discrepancies between these records, this comparison serves as an example that these proxies augment one another when viewed through the lens of regional shifts in the hurricane climate. Given that trees respond to the widespread footprint of tropical cyclone rainfall, independent of storm intensity, tree rings may better capture regional changes in storm activity. As such, turning to the shorter, yet higher-resolution tree-ring record can provide additional context to active and quiescent intervals observed in overwash records, especially at sites with a higher sensitivity threshold. Comparing these two proxies is still in its infancy; however, we can use techniques unique to a particular proxy to produce analogous records of tropical cyclone activity. In addition to developing analogous records, is important to explore nontraditional signals of tropical cyclones in these proxies. In particular, I will discuss two approaches that could be key for developing holistic records of storm activity in the Gulf of Mexico. The first uses growth suppressions and geochemical signals in coastal trees in response to saltwater intrusion, while the second examines the sedimentary and geochemical signature of inland flooding from tropical cyclones. The advancement of paleotempestology necessitates developing multiproxy reconstructions. All of these novel approaches and proxies complement records of overwash, which is one of the few proxies able to provide a quantitative estimate of storm magnitude. Moreover, using these proxies in conjunction with one another is critical for understanding changes in the regional hurricane climate and reducing the manifold risks associated with tropical cyclones.&lt;/p&gt;

Relationships between wood anatomical traits and climate conditions at three beech forest sites in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domen Arnič ◽  
Jožica Gričar ◽  
Jernej Jevšenak ◽  
Gregor Božič ◽  
Georg von Arx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Vessel Area ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Forest Sites

&lt;p&gt;It is uncertain how European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) will perform under climate change. Several dendroclimatological studies suggest that increasing temperature will positively affect radial increments at sites optimal for its growth. However, it is not entirely clear how changing growth conditions will affect wood anatomy and thus wood properties. The aim of this study was therefore to analyse the relationships between climate conditions (temperature and precipitation) and wood anatomical traits in beech trees growing at optimal beech forest sites in Slovenia. Three forest sites representing the main Slovenian beech provenances were selected (Idrija, Javorniki, and Ma&amp;#353;un). At each site, 16 increment cores were collected in 2016 and subsequently prepared for observation under the light microscope. Image analysis software (Image Pro-Plus and Roxas) were used for quantitative wood anatomy. Mean vessel area, vessel density, and relative conductive area were analysed in tree rings between 1960-2016. Furthermore, tree rings were divided into four quarters to assess the intra-annual variability in vessel features also in relation to weather conditions. The preliminary results indicated that there was a significant difference in tree-ring widths as well as in vessel features among the selected forest sites. Idrija, the late flushing provenance, had the narrowest tree rings, the highest vessel density and relative conductive area, and smallest mean vessel area. The other two sites had a similar mean vessel area, while the widest tree-ring width and the smallest vessel density and relative conductive area were observed at Ma&amp;#353;un (the mid-flushing provenance). The response of tree-ring width and vessel features to changing climate conditions differed among sites/provenance. Tree-ring widths at Idrija and Javornik were positively affected by late winter temperature, while tree-ring widths at Ma&amp;#353;un were mostly affected by summer precipitation. In the case of vessel features, the highest correlations with climate data were observed in the fourth quarter of the rings with late summer temperature and precipitation. In conclusion, early spring temperatures and summer precipitation proved to be the most important climatic factors affecting beech growth and vessel features.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Bayesian parameter estimation and interpretation for an intermediate model of tree-ring width

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 615-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Tolwinski-Ward ◽  
K. J. Anchukaitis ◽  
M. N. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Multidimensional Parameter ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. We present a Bayesian model for estimating the parameters of the VS-Lite forward model of tree-ring width. The scheme also provides information about the uncertainty of the parameter estimates, as well as the uncertainty of VS-Lite itself. By inferring VS-Lite's parameters for synthetically-generated ring-width series at several hundred sites across the United States, we show that the Bayesian algorithm is skillful and robust to climatic nonstationarity over the interval tested. We also infer optimal parameter values for modeling observed ring-width data at the same network of sites. The estimated parameter values cluster in physical space, and their locations in multidimensional parameter space provide insight into the dominant climatic controls on modeled tree-ring growth at each site.

scholarly journals Proxy Climatic Data from Tree Rings at Lake Louise, Alberta : A Preliminary Report

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Luckman ◽  
J. P. Hamilton ◽  
L. A. Jozsa ◽  
J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Summer Temperature ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Components Analysis

ABSTRACT Preliminary results are presented of studies using oxygen isotopes and tree-ring densitometry to derive proxy climatic data from Picea engelmannii and Abies Iasiocarpa in the Canadian Rockies. Significant correlations occur between mean annual temperatures and δ18O determinations from five year groups of tree rings from three trees. However, unexplained anomalies in these relationships indicate that ring-width effects may reduce this correlation in some cases and that further exploratory work is necessary. Indexed chronologies for the period 1705-1980 were developed for 15 tree-ring variables derived by X-ray densitometry from 16 Picea cores. Principal components analysis was used to identify three groups of highly inter-correlated variables related to ring width, earlywood density and latewood characteristics. Each group responds differently to climatic controls increasing the potential for development of proxy climatic data over ring-width measures alone. Transfer function development is incomplete but preliminary results for summer temperature (June and July, R2 = 0,46) and December-March precipitation (R2 = 0,40) are presented as examples. Using these equations preliminary reconstructions for the period 1710-1980 are presented.

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