scholarly journals Current understanding of the cellular biology and molecular structure of the antidiuretic hormone-stimulated water transport pathway.

1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H W Harris ◽  
K Strange ◽  
M L Zeidel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Transport Pathway

scholarly journals Growth and grain yield of eight maize hybrids is aligned with water transport, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis in a semi-arid irrigated system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M Gleason ◽  
Lauren Nalezny ◽  
Cameron Hunter ◽  
Robert Bensen ◽  
Satya Chintamanani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Specific Conductance ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Improved Performance

There is increasing interest in understanding how trait networks can be manipulated to improve the performance of crop species. Working towards this goal, we have identified key traits linking the acquisition of water, the transport of water to the sites of evaporation and photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and growth across eight maize hybrid lines grown under well-watered and water-limiting conditions in Northern Colorado. Under well-watered conditions, well-performing hybrids exhibited high leaf-specific conductance, low operating water potentials, high rates of midday stomatal conductance, high rates of net CO2 assimilation, greater leaf osmotic adjustment, and higher end-of-season growth and grain yield. This trait network was similar under water-limited conditions with the notable exception that linkages between water transport, midday stomatal conductance, and growth were even stronger than under fully-watered conditions. The results of this experiment suggest that similar trait networks might confer improved performance under contrasting climate and soil conditions, and that efforts to improve the performance of crop species could possibly benefit by considering the water transport pathway within leaves, as well as within the whole-xylem, in addition to root-level and leaf-level traits.

Two measures of leaf capacitance: insights into the water transport pathway and hydraulic conductance in leaves

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Blackman ◽  
Tim J. Brodribb
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Transpiration Stream ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Key Indicators

The efficiency and stress tolerance of leaf water transport are key indicators of plant function, but our ability to assess these processes is constrained by gaps in our understanding of the water transport pathway in leaves. A major challenge is to understand how different pools of water in leaves are connected to the transpiration stream and, hence, determine leaf capacitance (Cleaf) to short- and medium-term fluctuations in transpiration. Here, we examine variation across an anatomically and phylogenetically diverse group of woody angiosperms in two measures of Cleaf assumed to represent bulk-leaf capacitance (Cbulk) and the capacitance of leaf tissues that influence dynamic changes in leaf hydration (Cdyn). Among species, Cbulk was significantly correlated with leaf mass per unit area, whereas Cdyn was independently related to leaf lignin content (%) and the saturated mass of leaf water per unit dry weight. Dynamic and steady-state measurements of leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) agreed if Cdyn was used rather than Cbulk, suggesting that the leaf tissue in some species is hydraulically compartmentalised and that only a proportion of total leaf water is hydraulically well connected to the transpiration stream. These results indicate that leaf rehydration kinetics can accurately measure Kleaf with knowledge of the capacitance of the hydraulic pathway.

scholarly journals Water transport pathway in clay interlayer upon dehydration.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Ho ◽  
Carlos Jove-Colon ◽  
Eric Coker
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Clay Interlayer

scholarly journals Papillomaviruses Go Retro

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Jian Xie ◽  
Pengwei Zhang ◽  
Mac Crite ◽  
Daniel DiMaio
Keyword(s):  
Retrograde Transport ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Genome Replication ◽  
Intracellular Membrane ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Entry Mechanism

Human papillomaviruses are important pathogens responsible for approximately 5% of cancer as well as other important human diseases, but many aspects of the papillomavirus life cycle are poorly understood. To undergo genome replication, HPV DNA must traffic from the cell surface to the nucleus. Recent findings have revolutionized our understanding of HPV entry, showing that it requires numerous cellular proteins and proceeds via a series of intracellular membrane-bound vesicles that comprise the retrograde transport pathway. This paper reviews the evidence supporting this unique entry mechanism with a focus on the crucial step by which the incoming virus particle is transferred from the endosome into the retrograde pathway. This new understanding provides novel insights into basic cellular biology and suggests novel rational approaches to inhibit HPV infection.

Effects of membrane fluidizing agents on renal brush border proton permeability

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (6) ◽  
pp. F933-F940 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Ives ◽  
A. S. Verkman
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Orange Fluorescence ◽  
Dose Dependent

H+ permeability (PH) of brush border membrane vesicles isolated from rabbit renal cortex was measured from the rate of collapse of preformed pH gradients using acridine orange fluorescence quenching. n-Alkanols increased PH from 0.005 to 0.1 cm/s in a dose-dependent manner. At 25 degrees C, PH increased to 0.01 cm/s at [n-alkanol] = 90 mM (butanol), 30 mM (pentanol), 7 mM (hexanol), and 1.8 mM (heptanol). Activation energy (Ea) of PH was 21.6 kcal/mol (5-50 degrees C), which decreased to 18.5 kcal/mol in the presence of either 200 mM butanol or 12 mM hexanol. Membrane fluidity was estimated from diphenylhexatriene anisotropy (r). n-Alkanols decreased r from 0.25 to 0.18 in a dose-dependent manner. At 25 degrees C, r = 0.22 at [n-alkanol] = 200 mM (butanol), 27 mM (pentanol), 9.5 mM (hexanol), and 2 mM (heptanol). The effects of n-alkanols on PH and r correlated well with known n-alkanol lipid-water partition coefficients. Similar increases in PH and decreases in r were observed for nonalkanol lipid anesthetics. The effects of n-alkanols on the Na+-H+ antiporter and on osmotically driven water transport were also studied. At concentrations of n-alkanol that resulted in a 10-fold increase in PH, there was no significant effect on either Na+-H+ exchange or water transport. These results suggest a lipid pathway for brush border H+ diffusion that is distinct from both the Na+-H+ antiporter and the water transport pathway.

scholarly journals Transpiration difference under high evaporative demand in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) may be explained by differences in the water transport pathway in the root cylinder

Plant Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-780
Author(s):  
K Sivasakthi ◽  
M Tharanya ◽  
M Zaman‐Allah ◽  
J Kholová ◽  
T Thirunalasundari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L

The effects of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on solute and water transport in the mammalian nephron

1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Hebert ◽  
J. A. Schafer ◽  
T. E. Andreoli
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Water Transport

The molecular structure of the antidiuretic hormone elicited water channel

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Harris ◽  
A. Paredes ◽  
M. L. Zeidel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Water Channel
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