Glutathione Peroxidase 4, a Unique Antioxidant Enzyme, Plays a Role in Protecting Ocular Surface Mucosal Epithelia

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1657-1657
Author(s):  
Y. Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Ocular Surface

scholarly journals Methylmercury neurotoxicity is associated with inhibition of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeferson L. Franco ◽  
Thaís Posser ◽  
Peter R. Dunkley ◽  
Phillip W. Dickson ◽  
Jacó J. Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme

Kidney expression of glutathione peroxidase-1 is not protective against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (3) ◽  
pp. F544-F551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy B. de Haan ◽  
Nada Stefanovic ◽  
David Nikolic-Paterson ◽  
Lyndee L. Scurr ◽  
Kevin D. Croft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1

In many diseases, including progressive renal disorders, tissue injury and pathological intracellular signaling events are dependent on oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1) is an antioxidant enzyme that is highly expressed in the kidney and removes peroxides and peroxynitrite that can cause renal damage. Therefore, we examined whether this abundant renal antioxidant enzyme limits renal damage during the development of type 1 diabetic nephropathy. Wild-type (Gpx1+/+) and deficient (Gpx1−/−) mice were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) on 2 consecutive days. Diabetic Gpx1+/+ and −/− mice with equivalent blood glucose levels (23 ± 4 mM) were selected and examined after 4 mo of diabetes. Compared with normal mice, diabetic Gpx1+/+ and −/− mice had a two- to threefold increase in urine albumin excretion at 2 and 4 mo of diabetes. At 4 mo, diabetic Gpx1+/+ and −/− mice had equivalent levels of oxidative renal injury (increased kidney reactive oxygen species, kidney lipid peroxidation, urine isoprostanes, kidney deposition of advanced glycoxidation, and nitrosylation end products) and a similar degree of glomerular damage (hypertrophy, hypercellularity, sclerosis), tubular injury (apoptosis and vimentin expression), and renal fibrosis (myofibroblasts, collagen, TGF-β excretion). A lack of Gpx1 was not compensated for by increased levels of catalase or other Gpx isoforms in diabetic kidneys. Contrary to expectations, this study showed that the high level of Gpx1 expressed in the kidney is not protective against the development of renal oxidative stress and nephropathy in a model of type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Activities of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and glutathione peroxidase in bovine colostrum and milk

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 488-495
Author(s):  
M. KANKOFER ◽  
E. ALBERA ◽  
M. RÓŻAŃSKA-BOCZULA
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Friesian Cows

Parturition and post partum period are susceptible for antioxidative/oxidative imbalance as well as inflammatory processes related to either uterus or mammary gland. Fifteen Holstein-Friesian cows were used to examine the relationship between the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and inflammatory enzyme N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAGase) in colostrum and milk during 12 days after parturition. Samples from each udder quarter were collected immediately after parturition, after 24 h and 48 h as well as after 6 and 12 days post partum. The activity of GSH-Px was measured spectrophotometrically and NAGase spectrofluorimetrically. NAGase activity generally remained constant during the examined period confirming no inflammation and healthy udder. Moreover, no significant differences in the activity among quarters were detected. The activity of GSH-Px rose significantly (P < 0.05) in the examined period suggesting the dynamic balance of antioxidative defence. No differences among quarters confirmed that in healthy quarters metabolic processes are on a similar level but positive correlations between the antioxidative and inflammatory enzyme in quarters and with regard to time may suggest a possible relationship during inflammation.

Exercise modulates antioxidant enzyme gene expression in rat myocardium and liver

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1791-1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. Wilson ◽  
P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Rnase Protection Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rnase Protection ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Our previous studies have shown that exercise caused changes in the tissue activities of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. To determine whether the changes observed were due to changes in mRNA levels of the enzymes, levels of tissue mRNA were determined by quantitative RNase protection assay. Comparisons of tissue enzyme activities and mRNA levels in sedentary and exercised animals showed that, in some cases (e.g., glutathione peroxidase in SH and WKY myocardium), parallel changes in enzyme activity and mRNA levels occurred, whereas in other cases (e.g., catalase in SH and WKY liver), nonparallel changes were found. Exercise of hypertensive rats altered antioxidant enzyme mRNA levels to those seen in normotensive animals in some, but not all, cases. The results suggest that transcriptional control over changes in exercise-related antioxidant enzyme activities is operative in some cases, although in other cases posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms may exist.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Zn, Cu, and Ni and Bacillus Thuringiensis On the Hemocyte Count and the Antioxidant Activities of Hyphantria Cunea Drury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Larvae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oğuzhan Yanar ◽  
Elif F. Topkara ◽  
Fatma G. Solmaz ◽  
Sevcan Mercan
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea

Abstract Insects are model organisms for immunological studies. The cellular and the antioxidant enzyme responses of insects are major bioindicators against environmental stresses (metal exposure, infection, etc.). In our study, the differences in the hemocyte counts and the antioxidant enzyme activities of Hyphantria cunea larvae exposed to the different amounts of zinc, copper, and nickel and Bacillus thuringiensis infection were determined. With metal exposure, the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities increased, but the hemocyte counts decreased. Additionally, both the hemocyte counts and the enzyme activities increased with Bacillus thuringiensis infection. As a result of this study, we found that the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase and the hemocyte counts varied in response to both metal exposure and bacterial infection.

scholarly journals The change of antioxidant enzyme(superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) in the endotoxin infused rat lung.

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Jeong Sup Song ◽  
Chi Hong Kim ◽  
Soon Seog Kwon ◽  
Young Kyoon Kim ◽  
Kwan Hyoung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase

scholarly journals Activities of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and glutathione peroxidase in bovine colostrum and milk

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kankofer ◽  
E. Albera ◽  
M. Różańska-Boczula
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Friesian Cows

Parturition and post partum period are susceptible for antioxidative/oxidative imbalance as well as inflammatory processes related to either uterus or mammary gland. Fifteen Holstein-Friesian cows were used to examine the relationship between the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and inflammatory enzyme N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAGase) in colostrum and milk during 12 days after parturition. Samples from each udder quarter were collected immediately after parturition, after 24 h and 48 h as well as after 6 and 12 days post partum. The activity of GSH-Px was measured spectrophotometrically and NAGase spectrofluorimetrically. NAGase activity generally remained constant during the examined period confirming no inflammation and healthy udder. Moreover, no significant differences in the activity among quarters were detected. The activity of GSH-Px rose significantly (P < 0.05) in the examined period suggesting the dynamic balance of antioxidative defence. No differences among quarters confirmed that in healthy quarters metabolic processes are on a similar level but positive correlations between the antioxidative and inflammatory enzyme in quarters and with regard to time may suggest a possible relationship during inflammation.

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