Familial Correlation of Retinal Vascular Caliber in Singapore Chinese

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 5638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Jun Li ◽  
Jiemin Liao ◽  
Qiao Fan ◽  
Carol Yim-lui Cheung ◽  
M. Kamran Ikram ◽  
...  
2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Pang ◽  
S. H. Chan ◽  
E C. Ren
Keyword(s):  

Pragmatics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cher Leng Lee

This paper examines the act of complimenting and responding to compliments among Singapore Chinese. To this end, I explored naturally occurring compliment exchanges during the Chinese New Year (CNY) period. These exchanges are not only gender-sensitive, but age- and generation-sensitive as well. The CNY celebrations are governed by certain conventions, exchanging compliments being one of them. The conventional setting helps us understand the functions of compliments and the nature of their responses better, thus avoiding overgeneralizations. Compliments and their responses in the CNY context appear to play an important mainly phatic role. This study suggests that (a) married females pay and receive most compliments and (b) the most common compliment topic centers on their children’s academic achievement and potential career success rather than appearance (Holmes 1988) or possessions (Herbert 1991). In addition, most responses are of the non-acceptance type with downgrading, which is in line with findings from other researchers (see, e.g., Gu 1990; Chen 1993). A survey carried out on these non-acceptance responses shows that informants understand them as being largely conventional and formalistic rather than literal in nature, probably due to the conventional setting. This speech event of compliments and their responses is a mirror of cultural values (Manes 1983), revealing that the Chinese-speaking community of Singapore places high importance on children’s socio-economic success and practices conventional humility.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 251584142110304
Author(s):  
Emre Aydemir ◽  
Alper Halil Bayat ◽  
Burak Ören ◽  
Halil Ibrahim Atesoglu ◽  
Yasin Şakir Göker ◽  
...  

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the retinal vascular caliber of COVID-19 patients with that of healthy subjects. Methods: This was a prospective case–control study. Forty-six patients who had COVID-19 were successfully treated, and 38 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Fundus photography was taken using fundus fluorescein angiography (FA; Visucam 500; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Retinal vascular caliber was analyzed with IVAN, a semi-automated retinal vascular analyzer (Nicole J. Ferrier, College of Engineering, Fundus Photography Reading Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA). Central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE), and artery–vein ratio (AVR) were compared between groups. Results: The mean age was 37.8 ± 9.5 years in the COVID-19 group ( n = 46) and 40 ± 8 years in the control group ( n = 38) ( p = 0.45). The mean CRAE was 181.56 ± 6.40 in the COVID-19 group and 171.29 ± 15.06 in the control group ( p = 0.006). The mean CRVE was 226.34 ± 23.83 in the COVID-19 group and 210.94 ± 22.22 in the control group ( p = 0.044). AVR was 0.81 ± 0.09 in the COVID-19 group and 0.82 ± 0.13 in the control group ( p = 0.712). Conclusion: Patients who had COVID-19 have vasodilation in the retinal vascular structure after recovery. As they may be at risk of retinal vascular disease, COVID-19 patients must be followed after recovery.


2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1967-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Inoue ◽  
K. Robien ◽  
R. Wang ◽  
D. J. Van Den Berg ◽  
W.-P. Koh ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin de Haseth ◽  
Ning Cheung ◽  
Seang Mei Saw ◽  
F.M. Amirul Islam ◽  
Paul Mitchell ◽  
...  

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