scholarly journals The relationship between temporal phase discrimination ability and the frequency doubling illusion

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunjam Vallam ◽  
Andrew B. Metha
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Doubling ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Phase Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Phase ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between muscle discrimination ability and response to relaxation training in three kinds of headaches

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward B. Blanchard ◽  
Susan E. Jurish ◽  
Frank Andrasik ◽  
Leonard H. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Temporal phase discrimination depends critically on separation

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 2063-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Victor ◽  
Mary M. Conte
Keyword(s):  
Phase Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Phase

Effects of Frequency Separation and Diotic/Dichotic Presentations on the Alternation Frequency Limits in Audition Derived from a Temporal Phase Discrimination Task

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p7753 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Kanaya ◽  
Waka Fujisaki ◽  
Shin'ya Nishida ◽  
Shigeto Furukawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Yokosawa
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Frequency Separation ◽  
Phase Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Phase

Discrimination performance of single neurons: rate and temporal-pattern information

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 334-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Geisler ◽  
D. G. Albrecht ◽  
R. J. Salvi ◽  
S. S. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Phase Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Phase ◽  
Measured Probability ◽  
Pattern Information ◽  
Temporal Offset

1. A new method of measuring the performance of neurons in sensory discrimination tasks was developed and then applied to single-neuron responses recorded in the auditory nerve of chinchilla and in the striate visual cortex of cat. 2. Most previous methods of measuring discrimination performance have employed decision rules that involve comparing the total counts of action potentials (spikes) produced by two different stimuli. Such measures ignore response pattern and hence may not reflect all the information transmitted by a neuron. The proposed method attempts to measure all (or most) of the transmitted information by constructing descriptive models of the neuron's response to each stimulus in the discrimination experiment; these descriptive models consist of measured probability distributions of the spike counts in small time bins. The measured probability distributions are then used to define an optimal decision rule (an ideal observer) for discriminating the two stimuli. Finally, discrimination performance is measured by applying this decision rule to novel presentations of the same two stimuli. 3. Intensity and temporal-phase discrimination were measured for three neurons in the auditory nerve of chinchilla. The discrimination stimuli were low-frequency pure tones of 70-ms duration. Intensity thresholds were found to be 5–20 dB lower at low intensities using the new pattern method compared with the traditional counting method. The pattern method led to better performance because it utilized both rate and temporal pattern information. Phase discrimination performance using the counting method was at chance because the average spike rate did not change with phase. On the other hand, using the pattern method, phase discrimination thresholds were found to decrease with intensity, often reaching values equivalent to 30–40 microseconds of temporal offset. These thresholds are as good as or better than behavioral thresholds in chinchilla. 4. Contrast and temporal-phase discrimination were measured for three neurons in the striate visual cortex of cat. The discrimination stimuli were drifting sine-wave gratings of 100- to 160-ms duration. Contrast discrimination functions measured by the pattern method and the counting method were found to be essentially identical. Phase discrimination using the counting method was at chance. However, using the pattern method, phase thresholds were found to decrease with contrast, reaching values equivalent to 7 ms of temporal offset for the two simple cells. 5. Our results suggest that temporal response pattern carries substantial information for intensity and phase discrimination in the auditory nerve and for phase discrimination in the striate visual cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

scholarly journals Radiomics for intracerebral hemorrhage: are all small hematomas benign?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-yi Zhan ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Ming-yue Zhang ◽  
Jin-jin Liu ◽  
Yi-lan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Hematoma Expansion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Noncontrast Ct ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Radiomics is a valuable tool for predicting hematoma expansion (HE) but has not been used for small intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We hypothesized that not all small hematomas are benign and that radiomics could predict HE and short-term outcomes in small hematomas.Methods: We analyzed 313 patients with small ICH who underwent baseline noncontrast CT within 6 h of symptom onset between September 2013 and February 2019. Small ICH was defined as baseline hematoma volume <10 mL. A radiomic score (R-score) was developed in a training (n=218) and validated in a test cohort (n=95). Poor outcome was defined as a Glasgow Outcome Scale score ≤3. The relationship of the R-score with HE and outcomes was investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Predictive performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).Results: R-score was an independent predictor of HE in the training (odds ratio [OR]: 2.557; 95% CI, 1.455–4.492) and test cohorts (OR, 3.985; 95% CI, 1.051–14.453). In the 3–10 mL subgroup, but not in the <3 ml subgroup, the R-score was independently associated with HE (OR, 4.293; 95% CI, 2.095–8.796) and poor outcome (OR, 1.297; 95%CI, 1.004–1.674) after adjusting for confounders. The R-score achieved good discrimination ability for HE in the training and test cohorts and the 3–10 mL subgroup (AUCs 0.728, 0.717, and 0.740, respectively).Conclusions: Radiomics provides an objective and effective approach for discriminating between benign and malignant course in patients with small ICH, particularly 3–10 mL hematomas.

scholarly journals Colour processing in complex environments: insights from the visual system of bees

2010 ◽  
Vol 278 (1707) ◽  
pp. 952-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian G. Dyer ◽  
Angelique C. Paulk ◽  
David H. Reser
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Colour Discrimination ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Chromatic Cues ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Colour vision enables animals to detect and discriminate differences in chromatic cues independent of brightness. How the bee visual system manages this task is of interest for understanding information processing in miniaturized systems, as well as the relationship between bee pollinators and flowering plants. Bees can quickly discriminate dissimilar colours, but can also slowly learn to discriminate very similar colours, raising the question as to how the visual system can support this, or whether it is simply a learning and memory operation. We discuss the detailed neuroanatomical layout of the brain, identify probable brain areas for colour processing, and suggest that there may be multiple systems in the bee brain that mediate either coarse or fine colour discrimination ability in a manner dependent upon individual experience. These multiple colour pathways have been identified along both functional and anatomical lines in the bee brain, providing us with some insights into how the brain may operate to support complex colour discrimination behaviours.

SDT Analysis of Experimental Thermal Pain, with “Signal” and “No-Signal” Being Determined Psychophysically

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1019-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lautenbacher ◽  
A. Möltner ◽  
W. P. Lehmann ◽  
G. Galfe ◽  
R. Hölzl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Detection Experiment ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Absolute Strength ◽  
Short Stimulus ◽  
Repeated Pain ◽  
The Relationship

In a signal-detection experiment, the effects of repeated pain stimulation and the induction of fear on pain thresholds and SDT parameters were studied. “Signal” and “no-signal” were not defined physically, but by means of an independent criterion as the primary sensations “pain” and “no-pain.” First, the relationship between sensation levels for “phasic” (short stimulus, used in the SDT procedure) and “tonic” (longer stimulus, used in the criterion measurement) heat stimuli was determined in 14 subjects. It was quadratic (polynomial regression) and sufficient to define the distinction between “signal/pain” and “no-signal/no-pain.” In the signal-detection experiment, a significant upward trend (adaptation) in threshold parameters, but no systematic change in the SDT parameters (discrimination ability and response bias) was found. Manipulation of anxiety by instructions caused unsystematic changes in discrimination ability. The procedure employed determines both the absolute strength of pain sensation and the ability to discriminate pain from no pain. These variables proved to be independent.

scholarly journals Place pitch discrimination and speech recognition in cochlear implants users

1996 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan J. Hanekom ◽  
Robert V. Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Pitch Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Place Pitch ◽  
Pitch Distance ◽  
The Relationship

The considerable variability in speech perception performance among cochlear implant patients makes it difficult to compare the effectiveness of different speech processing strategies. One result is that optimal individualized processor parameter setting is not always achieved. This paper investigates the relationship between place pitch discrimination ability and speech perception to establish whether pitch ranking could be used as an aid in better patient-specific fitting of processors. Three subjects participated in this study. Place pitch discrimination ability was measured and this information was used to design new channel to electrode allocations for each subject. Several allocations were evaluated with speech tests with consonant, vowel and sentence material. It is shown that there is correlation between the perceptual pitch distance between electrodes and speech perception performance. The results indicate that pitch ranking ability might be used both as an indicator of  the speech perception potential of an implant user and in the choice of better electrode configurations.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LENS OPACITIES AND COLOR DISCRIMINATION ABILITY IN CATARACT PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Alie Solahuddin ◽  
Theodorus Theodorus ◽  
Dian Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Total Error ◽  
Color Discrimination ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Weak Positive Correlation ◽  
Lens Opacities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cataract Patients

 Objective: To determine the relationship between lens opacities and color discrimination ability in cataract patients at the Special Eye Hospital in Palembang.Methods: A case study was undertaken in January to March 2017 at the Special Eye Hospital in Palembang. There were 80 cataract patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The relationship between lens opacities and color discrimination ability was analyzed using Spearman rho correlation test using SPSS version 18.0.Results: About 51.2% out of 80 cataract patients, most patients were diagnosed with nucleotide cataract with the majority degree of opacities is Grade III (50%). Average of total error score was 51.425±51, 441 (range 0-312). The correlation test results showed a significant weak positive correlation between lens opacities and color discrimination ability (r=0.376; p=0.001; n=80) where the percentage of effect of lens opacities to color discrimination ability was only 7.9% (R2=0.079).Conclusion: There was a significant weak positive correlation between lens opacities and color discrimination ability.

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