scholarly journals Effects of perceptual learning on the temporal dynamics of perceptual decision

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 155-155
Author(s):  
W. Chu ◽  
Z.-L. Lu ◽  
B. A. Dosher
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Perceptual Decision

Temporal dynamics of auditory perceptual learning: Impact of progressive order

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Wisniewski ◽  
Barbara A. Church ◽  
Estella H. Liu ◽  
Eduardo Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Temporal Dynamics

scholarly journals Temporal dynamics of a perceptual decision

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mick Zeljko ◽  
Ada Kritikos ◽  
Philip M. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Perceptual Decision

scholarly journals Cerebellar tDCS dissociates the timing of perceptual decisions from perceptual change in speech

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 2023-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Lametti ◽  
Leonie Oostwoud Wijdenes ◽  
James Bonaiuto ◽  
Sven Bestmann ◽  
John C. Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Drift Diffusion Model ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Perceptual Change ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Speech Timing ◽  
Cerebellar Tdcs

Neuroimaging studies suggest that the cerebellum might play a role in both speech perception and speech perceptual learning. However, it remains unclear what this role is: does the cerebellum help shape the perceptual decision, or does it contribute to the timing of perceptual decisions? To test this, we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in combination with a speech perception task. Participants experienced a series of speech perceptual tests designed to measure and then manipulate (via training) their perception of a phonetic contrast. One group received cerebellar tDCS during speech perceptual learning, and a different group received sham tDCS during the same task. Both groups showed similar learning-related changes in speech perception that transferred to a different phonetic contrast. For both trained and untrained speech perceptual decisions, cerebellar tDCS significantly increased the time it took participants to indicate their decisions with a keyboard press. By analyzing perceptual responses made by both hands, we present evidence that cerebellar tDCS disrupted the timing of perceptual decisions, while leaving the eventual decision unaltered. In support of this conclusion, we use the drift diffusion model to decompose the data into processes that determine the outcome of perceptual decision-making and those that do not. The modeling suggests that cerebellar tDCS disrupted processes unrelated to decision-making. Taken together, the empirical data and modeling demonstrate that right cerebellar tDCS dissociates the timing of perceptual decisions from perceptual change. The results provide initial evidence in healthy humans that the cerebellum critically contributes to speech timing in the perceptual domain.

scholarly journals Temporal dynamics in auditory perceptual learning: Impact of sequencing and incidental learning.

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Church ◽  
Eduardo Mercado ◽  
Matthew G. Wisniewski ◽  
Estella H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Temporal Dynamics

Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansem Sohn ◽  
Sang-Hun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Psychophysical Experiment ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Observer Model

Our brain is inexorably confronted with a dynamic environment in which it has to fine-tune spatiotemporal representations of incoming sensory stimuli and commit to a decision accordingly. Among those representations needing constant calibration is interval timing, which plays a pivotal role in various cognitive and motor tasks. To investigate how perceived time interval is adjusted by experience, we conducted a human psychophysical experiment using an implicit interval-timing task in which observers responded to an invisible bar drifting at a constant speed. We tracked daily changes in distributions of response times for a range of physical time intervals over multiple days of training with two major types of timing performance, mean accuracy and precision. We found a decoupled dynamics of mean accuracy and precision in terms of their time course and specificity of perceptual learning. Mean accuracy showed feedback-driven instantaneous calibration evidenced by a partial transfer around the time interval trained with feedback, while timing precision exhibited a long-term slow improvement with no evident specificity. We found that a Bayesian observer model, in which a subjective time interval is determined jointly by a prior and likelihood function for timing, captures the dissociative temporal dynamics of the two types of timing measures simultaneously. Finally, the model suggested that the width of the prior, not the likelihoods, gradually shrinks over sessions, substantiating the important role of prior knowledge in perceptual learning of interval timing.

scholarly journals Perceptual learning evidence for an interval- and modality-invariant representation of subsecond time

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Zi Xiong ◽  
Shu-Chen Guan ◽  
Cong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Time Perception ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Invariant Representation ◽  
Timing Mechanisms ◽  
Modality Specificity ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Transfer Interval

AbstractA central theme in time perception research is whether subsecond timing relies on a dedicated centralized clock, or on distributed neural temporal dynamics. A fundamental constraint is the interval- and modality-specificity in perceptual learning of temporal interval discrimination (TID), which argues against a dedicated centralized clock, but is more consistent with multiple distributed mechanisms. Here we demonstrated an abstract, interval- and modality-invariant, representation of subsecond time in the brain. Participants practiced TID at a specific interval (100 ms), and received exposure to a transfer interval (200 ms), or to a different auditory/visual modality, through training of an orthogonal task. This double training enabled complete transfer of TID learning to the untrained interval, and mutual complete transfer between visual and auditory modalities. These results demonstrate an interval- and modality-invariant representation of subsecond time, which resembles a centralized clock, on top of the known distributed timing mechanisms and their readout and integration.

scholarly journals Components of Event-Related Potentials in studies of perceptual learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
D.F. Kleeva ◽  
A.B. Rebreikina ◽  
O.V. Sysoeva
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Perceptual learning is defined by increased effectiveness of completing perceptual tasks as a result of experience or training. This review presents the analysis of changes in the components of event-related potentials (ERPs) after visual and auditory perceptual learning in humans. The use of the EEG method, which has a high temporal resolution, makes it possible to trace the spatio-temporal dynamics of changes in the functioning of the brain during learning, which remains hidden in behavioral experimental studies. A review of neurophysiological studies indicates that perceptual learning induces changes across all levels of cortical hierarchy, starting with the early sensory components of ERPs (C1) and ending with the later integrative components (N170, MMN, P2). We also analyzed the short-term and long-term effects of learning. The reviewed neurophysiological data can serve as the basis for the development of new approaches of effective learning, as well as for the objective evaluation of existing methodics by assessing neuronal dynamics at different stages of stimuli processing.

Discarding optimality: Throwing out the baby with the bathwater?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Simen ◽  
Fuat Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Reward Rate ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Standard Observer ◽  
Rate Maximization ◽  
Reward Rate Maximization ◽  
Descriptive Standard ◽  
Observer Model

AbstractRahnev & Denison (R&D) argue against normative theories and in favor of a more descriptive “standard observer model” of perceptual decision making. We agree with the authors in many respects, but we argue that optimality (specifically, reward-rate maximization) has proved demonstrably useful as a hypothesis, contrary to the authors’ claims.

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