scholarly journals Topography of alpha-band power tracks improvement in working memory precision with repeated encoding

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Kirsten Adam ◽  
Joshua Foster ◽  
David Sutterer ◽  
Edward Vogel ◽  
Edward Awh
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Memory Precision

scholarly journals Event-Related Alpha-Band Power Changes During Self-reflection and Working Memory Tasks in Healthy Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Matsuoka ◽  
Takaki Shimode ◽  
Toshio Ota ◽  
Koji Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Target Stimulus ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Occipital Area ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Preliminary Study

Dysfunctional attentional control is observed in patients with mental disorders. However, there is no established neurophysiological method to assess attention in such patients. We showed a discrepancy in alpha-band power in the tasks that evoked internal and external attention event-related alpha-band power changes in healthy subjects during self-reflection (SR) and working memory (WM) tasks in a preliminary study. In this study, we aimed at elucidating event-related alpha-band power changes in healthy subjects during the tasks, addressing the shortcomings of the previous study. Sixteen healthy volunteers were examined for the event-related power (ERpow) change during the tasks. The results demonstrated the discrepancy of alpha-band ERpow at 8, 10, and 12 Hz in the parieto-occipital area between the WM and SR tasks for a period between a target stimulus and a command stimulus, where a participant switched to internal attention from external attention according to the SR task and remained at external attention according to the WM task. The results suggest that alpha-band ERpow in this area is associated with the direction of attention in response to cognitive stimuli, indicating that the findings of ERpow during the two tasks would potentially aid in the clarification of the pathophysiology of the dysfunctional change in attention in patients with psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Effects of load and emotional state on EEG alpha-band power and inter-site synchrony during a visual working memory task

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1122-1132
Author(s):  
Jessica Sanches Braga Figueira ◽  
Isabel de Paula Antunes David ◽  
Isabela Lobo ◽  
Luiza Bonfim Pacheco ◽  
Mirtes Garcia Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Eeg Alpha

Retrospective prioritization of multiple items during working memory storage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley DiPuma ◽  
Kelly Rivera ◽  
Edward Ester
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Item ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Incorrect Item ◽  
Memory Precision ◽  
Neutral Conditions ◽  
Directing Attention

Working memory (WM) performance can be improved by an informative cue presented during storage. This effect, termed a retro-cue benefit, can be used to explore mechanisms of attentional prioritization in WM. Directing attention to a single item stored in memory is known to increase memory precision while decreasing the likelihood of incorrect item reports and random guesses, but it is unclear whether similar benefits manifest when participants direct attention to multiple items stored in memory. We tested this possibility by quantifying memory performance when participants were cued to prioritize one or two items stored in working memory. Consistent with prior work, cueing participants to prioritize a single memory item yielded higher recall precision, fewer swap errors, and fewer guesses relative to a neutral cue condition. Conversely, cueing participants to prioritize two memory items yielded fewer swap errors relative to a neutral condition, but no differences in recall precision or guess rates. Although swap rates were less likely during the cue-two vs. neutral conditions, planned comparisons revealed that when participants made swap errors during cue-two trials they were far more likely to confuse two prioritized stimuli than they were to confuse a prioritized stimulus vs. a non-prioritized stimulus. Our results suggest that it is possible to prioritize multiple items stored in memory, with the caveat that doing so may increase the probability of confusing prioritized items.

scholarly journals Temporal Dynamics of Attention during Encoding versus Maintenance of Working Memory: Complementary Views from Event-related Potentials and Alpha-band Oscillations

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas E. Myers ◽  
Lena Walther ◽  
George Wallis ◽  
Mark G. Stokes ◽  
Anna C. Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Frontoparietal Control Network ◽  
Anticipatory Attention ◽  
Processing Differences

Working memory (WM) is strongly influenced by attention. In visual WM tasks, recall performance can be improved by an attention-guiding cue presented before encoding (precue) or during maintenance (retrocue). Although precues and retrocues recruit a similar frontoparietal control network, the two are likely to exhibit some processing differences, because precues invite anticipation of upcoming information whereas retrocues may guide prioritization, protection, and selection of information already in mind. Here we explored the behavioral and electrophysiological differences between precueing and retrocueing in a new visual WM task designed to permit a direct comparison between cueing conditions. We found marked differences in ERP profiles between the precue and retrocue conditions. In line with precues primarily generating an anticipatory shift of attention toward the location of an upcoming item, we found a robust lateralization in late cue-evoked potentials associated with target anticipation. Retrocues elicited a different pattern of ERPs that was compatible with an early selection mechanism, but not with stimulus anticipation. In contrast to the distinct ERP patterns, alpha-band (8–14 Hz) lateralization was indistinguishable between cue types (reflecting, in both conditions, the location of the cued item). We speculate that, whereas alpha-band lateralization after a precue is likely to enable anticipatory attention, lateralization after a retrocue may instead enable the controlled spatiotopic access to recently encoded visual information.

scholarly journals Anterior thalamic stimulation improves working memory precision judgments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Liu ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Jinfeng Wu ◽  
Yali Pan ◽  
Zheng Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Thalamic Stimulation ◽  
Memory Precision

scholarly journals Atypically larger variability of resource allocation accounts for visual working memory deficits in schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jie Zhao ◽  
Tianye Ma ◽  
Xuemei Ran ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Ru-Yuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Variable Precision ◽  
Capacity Theory ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Memory Precision ◽  
Memory Resources

AbstractSchizophrenia patients are known to have profound deficits in visual working memory (VWM), and almost all previous studies attribute the deficits to decreased memory capacity. This account, however, ignores the potential contributions of other VWM components (e.g., memory precision). Here, we measure the VWM performance of schizophrenia patients and healthy control subjects on two classical delay-estimation tasks. Moreover, we thoroughly evaluate several established computational models of VWM to compare the performance of the two groups. We find that the model assuming variable precision across items and trials is the best model to explain the performance of both groups. According to the variable-precision model, schizophrenia subjects exhibit abnormally larger variability of allocating memory resources rather than resources per se. These results invite a rethink of the widely accepted decreased-capacity theory and propose a new perspective on the diagnosis and rehabilitation of schizophrenia.

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