scholarly journals Congruent Familiar Size Relationships Decrease Size Contrast Illusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1229
Author(s):  
Margarita Maltseva ◽  
Kevin Stubbs ◽  
Melvyn Goodale ◽  
Jody Culham
Keyword(s):  
Familiar Size ◽  
Size Contrast

Apparent distance as a function of familiar size.

1969 ◽  
Vol 79 (1, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ono
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Familiar Size

Evaluation and Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Vision Aids: Orcam MyEye 1 and Seeing AI

2021 ◽  
pp. 0145482X2110274
Author(s):  
Christina Granquist ◽  
Susan Y. Sun ◽  
Sandra R. Montezuma ◽  
Tu M. Tran ◽  
Rachel Gage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Light Perception ◽  
Time To Completion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
Size Contrast

Introduction: We compared the print-to-speech properties and human performance characteristics of two artificial intelligence vision aids, Orcam MyEye 1 (a portable device) and Seeing AI (an iPhone and iPad application). Methods: There were seven participants with visual impairments who had no experience with the two reading aids. Four participants had no light perception. Two individuals with measurable acuity and one with light perception were tested while blindfolded. We also tested performance with text of varying appearance in varying viewing conditions. To evaluate human performance, we asked the participants to use the devices to attempt 12 reading tasks similar to activities of daily living. We assessed the ranges of text attributes for which reading was possible, such as print size, contrast, and light level. We also assessed if individuals could complete tasks with the devices and measured accuracy and completion time. Participants also completed a survey concerning the two aids. Results: Both aids achieved greater than 95% accuracy in text recognition for flat, plain word documents and ranged from 13 to 57% accuracy for formatted text on curved surfaces. Both aids could read print sizes as small as 0.8M (20/40 Snellen equivalent, 40 cm viewing distance). Individuals successfully completed 71% and 55% ( p = .114) of tasks while using Orcam MyEye 1 and Seeing AI, respectively. There was no significant difference in time to completion of tasks ( p = .775). Individuals believed both aids would be helpful for daily activities. Discussion: Orcam MyEye 1 and Seeing AI had similar text-reading capability and usability. Both aids were useful to users with severe visual impairments in performing reading tasks. Implications for Practitioners: Selection of a reading device or aid should be based on individual preferences and prior familiarity with the platform, since we found no clear superiority of one solution over the other.

Familiar Size and Subception in Perceived Depth

1953 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Barnes Hochberg ◽  
Julian E. Hochberg
Keyword(s):  
Familiar Size

The Effect of Familiar Size at Familiar Distances

Perception ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Fitzpatrick ◽  
Robert Pasnak ◽  
Zita E Tyer
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Image ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Familiar Size ◽  
True Distance ◽  
Distance Judgments ◽  
Familiar Objects

The effect of familiar size as a distance cue was tested with familiar objects at familiar distances. Experiment 1 showed that there were no uncontrolled distance cues available and that in their absence the retinal image did not affect depth or size perception. Under these conditions, size and distance judgments were essentially indeterminate and independent of each other. In experiment 2 a paradigm was employed which allowed a direct determination of whether equivalent changes either in size of a familiar object or in its true distance produced equivalent changes in its perceived distance. The results showed that there were no uncontrolled distance cues, and that subjects perceived the familiar object as having its familiar size. Moreover, changing the retinal image of the objects had almost exactly the same effect on their perceived distance as did changing their true distance. Hence, familiar size does effectively govern the perception of distance when there are no competing cues.

scholarly journals Dynamic Illusory Size-Contrast: A relative-size illusion modulated by stimulus motion and eye movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 890-890
Author(s):  
R. Mruczek ◽  
C. Blair ◽  
G. Caplovitz
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Stimulus Motion ◽  
Size Contrast

SPIN-DEPENDENT QUANTUM SIZE EFFECTS IN THE ELECTRON REFLECTIVITY OF ULTRATHIN FERROMAGNETIC CRYSTALS

2002 ◽  
Vol 09 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1485-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. ZDYB ◽  
E. BAUER
Keyword(s):  
Spin Polarization ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Quantum Size Effects ◽  
Quantum Size ◽  
Spin Polarized ◽  
Size Contrast ◽  
Magnetic Asymmetry ◽  
Inelastic Mean Free Path

We have studied the spin-dependent quantum size effects in the reflection of 0–20 eV electrons from 2–10-ML-thick Fe microcrystals grown in situ on a W(110) surface in a spin-polarized low energy electron microscope. The goal is to obtain a better understanding of the magnetic ("asymmetry") image contrast and of the limits of spin polarization devices based on the quantum size contrast. The contrast is interpreted in terms of the band structure and of the spin-dependent inelastic mean free path. For the figure of merit of spin polarization devices, an upper limit of 5 × 10-2 is obtained.

The Familiar-Size Cue to Depth under Reduced-Cue Viewing Conditions

Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1301-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Predebon ◽  
Jacob Steven Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Verbal Report ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
Relative Distance ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Familiar Size ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Direct Reports ◽  
Visual Conditions

The familiar-size cue to perceived depth was investigated in five experiments. The stimuli were stationary familiar objects viewed monocularly under otherwise completely darkened visual conditions. Perceived depth was measured directly with the method of verbal report and indirectly with the head-motion procedure. Although the familiar-size cue influenced verbal reports of the distances of the objects, it did not determine perceived depth as assessed with the head-motion procedure. These findings support the claim that familiar size is not a major determinant of perceived depth, and that cognitive or nonperceptual factors mediate the effects of familiar size on direct reports of depth and distance. Possible reasons for the failure of familiar size to influence the head-motion-derived measures of perceived depth are discussed with particular emphasis on the role of motion parallax in determining perceptions of depth and relative distance.

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