scholarly journals Apparent depth of a patch of dynamic random noise within a static field of random dots

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Akiko Yasuoka ◽  
Shinichi Kita ◽  
Masahiro Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Static Field ◽  
Apparent Depth

The Relationship between Apparent Depth and Disparity in Rivalrous-Texture Stereograms

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P Frisby ◽  
John E W Mayhew
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Apparent Depth ◽  
Depth Effect ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
Depth Cue ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Binocular Depth

A series of experiments is reported on rivalrous-texture stereograms composed of narrow-band-filtered random noise. Experiment 1 found that the apparent depth—disparity function for such stereograms was different from that observed with similar but nonrivalrous stimuli. In particular, rivalrous divergent disparities produced the same depth as rivalrous zero disparity and this latter disparity itself produced a significant degree of protruding (i.e. ‘convergent’) depth in a certain type of rivalrous-texture stereogram. Free inspection was permitted and disparities were in the range 16 min convergent to 16 min divergent. Experiment 2 found no convincing evidence for reliable qualitative depth discriminations from tachistoscopic presentations of rivalrous-texture stereograms, using a forced-choice task requiring a discrimination between 16 min convergent and 16 min divergent conditions. This task was solved easily for equivalent nonrivalrous stimuli. Experiment 3 measured a hitherto unreported binocular depth effect, termed ‘paradepth’, which is produced by presenting a target in one field only. This effect appears to be a genuine binocular depth effect and not just the result of an ordinary monocular masking depth cue. The size of the depth effect was found to be a function of the width of the target. The overall conclusion derived from the series of experiments is that rivalrous-texture stereograms are complex stimuli capable of yielding curious and unexpected depth effects which are not readily explained in detail within any existing theoretical framework.

A method for direct measurement of specimen noise in HREM images

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Sidnei Paciornik ◽  
Roar Kilaas ◽  
Ulrich Dahmen ◽  
Michael Adrian O'Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
Atomic Column ◽  
Amorphous Oxide ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Imaging Conditions ◽  
Image Simulations

High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) is a primary tool for studying the atomic structure of defects in crystals. However, the quantitative analysis of defect structures is often seriously limited by specimen noise due to contamination or oxide layers on the surfaces of a thin foil.For simple monatomic structures such as fcc or bcc metals observed in directions where the crystal projects into well-separated atomic columns, HREM image interpretation is relatively simple: under weak phase object, Scherzer imaging conditions, each atomic column is imaged as a black dot. Variations in intensity and position of individual image dots can be due to variations in composition or location of atomic columns. Unfortunately, both types of variation may also arise from random noise superimposed on the periodic image due to an amorphous oxide or contamination film on the surfaces of the thin foil. For example, image simulations have shown that a layer of amorphous oxide (random noise) on the surfaces of a thin foil of perfect crystalline Si can lead to significant shifts in image intensities and centroid positions for individual atomic columns.

Predictors of Hearing Electronic Voice Phenomena in Random Noise: Schizotypy, Fantasy Proneness, and Paranormal Beliefs

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-113
Author(s):  
Kenneth Drinkwater ◽  
Andrew Denovan ◽  
Neil Dagnall ◽  
Andrew Parker
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Fantasy Proneness ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs

Two-degree-of-freedom Controller Design for Uncertain Processes Using Input/output Linearization Control Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pisit Sukkarnkha ◽  
Chanin Panjapornpon
Keyword(s):  
Disturbance Rejection ◽  
Control Structure ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Tracking Controller ◽  
Two Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Input Output Linearization

In this work, a new control method for uncertain processes is developed based on two-degree-of-freedom control structure. The setpoint tracking controller designed by input/output linearization technique is used to regulate the disturbance-free output and the disturbance rejection controller designed is designed by high-gain technique. The advantage of two-degree-of-freedom control structure is that setpoint tracking and load disturbance rejection controllers can be designed separately. Open-loop observer is applied to provide disturbance-free response for setpoint tracking controller. The process/disturbance-free model mismatches are fed to the disturbance rejection controller for reducing effect of disturbance. To evaluate the control performance, the proposed control method is applied through the example of a continuous stirred tank reactor with unmeasured input disturbances and random noise kinetic parametric uncertainties. The simulation results show that both types of disturbances can be effectively compensated by the proposed control method.

Response of Cochlear Models to Random Noise

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 937-937
Author(s):  
Juergen Tonndorf
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise
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