The paper outlines an application of smart solar “photovoltaic” power generation. Solar panels are typically in fixed position. They're limited in their energy-generating ability because they cannot consistently take full advantage of maximum sunlight. For more effective solar energy system, the solar panel should be able to align with sunlight as it changes during a given day. The present paper examines the design advantages of creating an intelligent solar tracking system like a helianthus flower using microcontroller based embedded system.
A double-axis solar tracking system based on horizontal coordinate is adopted. A method of combining the sun trajectory tracking and light intensity sensor is proposed in this tracking system. Detection results of light intensity sensor were used to determine weather situation, control the start -stop of the tracking system. The sun trajectory was calculated by astronomical algorithms to determine the solar orientation. Different interval times were set in different time periods to improve the tracking accuracy. It enhances solar radiation, improves the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic systems and reduces the cost of photovoltaic power generation. This system is simple and easy to achieve. It has lower cost and reliable performance. It can be used in large-scale photovoltaic power plant projects.
Nowadays power generation is one of the greatest challenges of humanity in the framework of Sustainable Development. For example, as it is globally accepted sun tracking systems allows improvement of solar panel power ratio. In order to illustrate this concept, this paper presents the design and a behaviour modelling of a two axis small scale system for future didactical applications. The principle of tracking is described. Mathematical description is done and a mixed SPICE modelling of the system, including geometrical, optical, electronic linear and non-linear aspects is built. Simulations results are analysed. Practical mechanical and electronic designs are detailed, before conclusion. This small scale solar tracking system is now installed in a eco-friendly small scale house model.
To improve the efficiency of the power generation，the scheme of the solar tracking system is designed by analyzing the technical characteristics of the GPS positioning system. The microcontroller is chosen as the core which has realized the initiative sun-tracking to improve the efficiency of the power generation. The solar elevation angle and azimuth are calculated by extracting the GPS real-time datas. The position of the solar panels can be obtained through the angle sensor. Finally, adjust the orientation of the panels by the driving stepping motor to track the sun.
: This study presents a misalignment light-guiding module to increase the effectiveness of absorbing light. For a general fixed-type photovoltaic (PV) panel, the misalignment light decreases the efficiency of the system. A solar tracking system was installed for obtaining higher power generation. However, the cost of the PV system and maintenance was 5–10 times higher than the general type. In this study, this module is composed of an array of misalignment light-guiding units that consist of a non-axisymmetric compound parabolic curve (NACPC) and a freeform surface collimator. The NACPC efficiently collects the misalignment light within ±30° and guides the light to the collimator. The light has a better uniformity and smaller angle at the exit aperture. The simulation results show that the optical efficiency of the unit was above 70% when the misalignment angle was smaller than 20°. The experimental results show that the power generation of the light-guiding unit was 1.8 times higher than the naked PV panel.
For the current solar tracking controller’s poor immunity, poor tracking accuracy and the traditional sensor‘s form single issue, this paper propose a dual-mode solar tracking system which is based on PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The system combined the fixed trajectory rough tracking with the photoelectric sensor accurate tracking effectively, and improved the controller’s photoelectric sensor tracking mode. By comparing the results of experiments, it shows that the improved tracking controller can achieve tracking accuracy highly. So it can promote the utilization of solar energy.
Abstract
Solar power generation is related to climatic conditions, and its high cost and low power generation efficiency have become the main factors restricting its development. Realizing the maximum power tracking of solar photovoltaic power generation through power electronic technology and control technology is an effective measure to increase the power generation of photovoltaic power generation systems, reduce power generation costs, improve solar energy conversion efficiency, and widely promote photovoltaic power generation technology. According to the illumination characteristics of solar cells, using a single-chip microcomputer to control the DC-DC converter and conductance increment method as the control algorithm, a solar maximum power tracking system is designed.
HELIANTHUS - SMART SOLAR PANEL