Study of Sonochemical Effect on Dibenzothiophene in Deionized Water, Natural Water and Sea Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1684-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera M. M. Mousally ◽  
Khadijah M. Al-Zaydi ◽  
Christian Petrier ◽  
Sana T. Arab ◽  
Moamen S. Refat
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

This paper deals with studying the sonochemical effect for water treatment purposes from the dibenzothiophene (DBT) as polycyclic aromatic sulfur hydrocarbons, one of the most impurities found in waste water coming from petroleum industry. A comparison for the results obtained from previous studies at 20 kHz and with our results at 352 kHz has been done. The influence of organic compounds in the water matrix, as a mixture with dibenzothiophene was also evaluated. The results indicated that some competition occurs in the case of the mixture Bisphenol A/dibenzothiophene. The results presented in this work depict the study of the interesting potential of ultrasound to treat different types of water contaminated with polycyclic aromatic sulfur hydrocarbons such as dibenzothiophene and comparison for the degradation profile with benzothiophene which explained previously by us.

scholarly journals Sonochemical Degradation of Benzothiophene (BT) in Deionized Water, Natural Water and Sea Water

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadijah Al-Zaydi ◽  
Christian Petrier ◽  
Sameera Mousally ◽  
Sana Arab ◽  
Moamen Refat
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Ultrasonic Action ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Best Fit

This paper deals with the sonochemical water treatment of polycyclic aromatic sulfur hydrocarbons (PASHs), one of the most common impurities found in waste water coming from petroleum industry. The best fit of the experimental data appears to be the kinetic parameters determined using the Michaelis-Mentonmodel in the concentrations range of the study. For the initial increase in the degradation rates, it is simply considered that the more the bulk concentration increases, the more the concentration in the interfacial region increases. This will be explained by Michaelis-Menton kinetics. The influence of organic compounds in the water matrix as a mixture with Benzothiophene (BT) was also evaluated. The results indicated that BT degradation is unaffected by the presence of bisphenol A (BPA). Finally, the results indicated that ultrasonic action is involved in oxidation rather than pyrolitic processing in the BT sonochemical degradation.

Endocrine disrupters in the aquatic environment: the Austrian approach - ARCEM

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bursch ◽  
M. Fuerhacker ◽  
M. Gemeiner ◽  
B. Grillitsch ◽  
A. Jungbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Endocrine Disrupters ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylates ◽  
Chemical Monitoring

A consortium of Austrian scientists (ARCEM) carried out a multidisciplinary environmental study on Austrian surface and ground waters including chemical monitoring, bioindication, risk assessment and risk management for selected endocrine disrupters: 17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-nonylphenol, 4-nonylphenol ethoxylates (4-NP1EO, 4-NP2EO) and their degradation products, ocytlphenol, ocytlphenol ethoxylates (OP1EO, OP2EO) as well as bisphenol A. To obtain data representative for Austria, a material flow analysis served to select relevant compounds and water samples were collected monthly over one year at those sites routinely used in Austrian water quality control. The following results were obtained and conclusions drawn:1. Chemical monitoring: As compared to other countries, relatively low levels of pollution with endocrine disrupters were detected.2. Bioindication: In the surface waters under study, male fish showed significant signs of feminization and demasculinization (increased production of the egg-yolk protein and histological changes of the gonads.3. Risk assessment: For humans, exposure via either drinking water abstraction (ground water) or fish consumption was considered. The exposure levels of the compounds under study were below those considered to result in human health risks. Likewise, for bisphenol A and octylphenols, there was no indication for risk posed upon the aquatic environment (fish). However, nonylphenol or 17a-ethinylestradiol exposure along with results of bioindication (2) suggest a borderline estrogenic activity in a considerable number of surface waters. Consequently the emissions of these substances into the surface waters affected have to be reduced.4. Risk management: Waste water treatment experiments revealed a positive correlation between the removal rate of endocrine disrupters from the waste water and the sludge retention time in the treatment plants. These substances are removed to a higher extend at low loaded plants designed for nutrient removal than at plants that remove carbon and/or employ nitrification only. As to drinking water treatment, chlorine dioxide and ozone were found to eliminate all investigated substances, except nonylphenol ethoxylates. (For the complete study see: www.arcem.at)

Review on magnetic nanoferrites and their composites as alternatives in waste water treatment: synthesis, modifications and applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Harmanjit Singh Dosanjh ◽  
Sonika ◽  
Jandeep Singh ◽  
Kamarul Monir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Alternative Adsorbents

The present review highlights different types of nanoferrites and their surface-modified composites as alternative adsorbents in waste water treatment.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Activated Sludge Respiration by Heavy Metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Different Types

Inhibition of the respiration microbial activity in the activated sludge caused by heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Cd, Cu and Ni) was studied by means of respirometric method using Strathtox respirometer (Strathkelvin Glasgow).The studied sludge samples were obtained from the two waste water treatment plants with different types of pollution (municipal waste water and domestic waste water)

scholarly journals Quantum Dots in Waste Water Treatment- Review Article

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1449-1455
Author(s):  
Dr. A. Sandy Subala ◽  
Dr. K.V. Anand ◽  
Mr.S.Antony Sibi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Treatment Review ◽  
Different Types

The effluents present in the water resources leads unqualified for various domestic and irrigation purposes. The waste water treatment purely depends upon the volume of contaminants. The objective of the study was to gives a detailed discussion about the chemical methods and different types of QDs involved, examining their effluents removing efficiency, the selectivity and sensitive detection of various chemicals present in the contaminated water bodies.

Hazardous Substances in Waste Water

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 843-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. van Luin ◽  
W. van Starkenburg
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Volatile Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

The Governmental Institute for Sewage and Waste Water Treatment has studied the presence of a number of hazardous substances, selected by the EEC-Commission, in sewage and industrial waste water. The influent, effluent and sludge of six municipal waste water treatment plants and the waste water of 59 industries were sampled and analysed. Volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons in sewage originate mainly from industrial discharges. Chlorophenols, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) appear to be present at a low and constant background in municipal sewage and in many industrial waste waters. The removal in the municipal treatment plants amounts to:-volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons 50–90%-hexachlorobenzene 95%-hexachlorocyclohexanes 40–65%-chlorophenols 20–40%-PCB about 90%-PAH 85–95% This study has given a survey of emissions of these hazardous substances. The total emission of the examined substances in the Netherlands has remained out of the scope of this investigation.

EVALUASI KINERJA TURBINE CONDENSER E-2302 SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH DILAKSANAKAN TURN AROUND 2016

Konversi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Herdyana Yanunda Putri ◽  
Putri Adha Hidayanti ◽  
Vera Mardiana Margareta Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Turbine Condenser

Abstrak- pt. kaltim Parna Industri (KPI) merupakan pabrik ammonia dengan kapasitas 1.500 MPTD. Kemurnian produk yang dihasilkan sebesar 99,95% berat. Proses yang digunakan pada PT. KPI adalah Haldor Topsoe Process. Bahan baku yang digunakan untuk memproduksi ammonia adalah gas alam (sebagai sumber H2) dan udara (sebagai sumber N2). PT. Kaltim Parna Industri memiliki dua unit utama yaitu unit proses produksi dan utilitas. Dalam unit proses produksi terdapat beberapa unit utama yaitu unit desulphurizer, reforming system terdiri dari primary dan secondary reformer, unit CO Converter yang terdiri dari High & Low Temperature CO Converter (HTS & LTS), unit CO2, unit methanator, dan ammonia converter. Pada unit utilitas memiliki unit-unit utama yaitu unit sea water intake, unit desalinasi, demineralisasi, daerator, Package Boiler, Water Heat Boiler, sea water cooling tower, waste water treatment system, klorinasi, STG dan emergency diesel denerator, N2 generator, instrument air, dan storage tank. Turbine Condenser E-2302 mempunyai fungsi utama untuk mengkondensasikan steam low untuk memanfaatkan panas laten yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk menggerakan turbin steam-pump (TS/P-2301A/B). Koefisien transfer panas overall turbin kondensor E-2302 sebelum dilakukan Turn Around (TA) memiliki efisiensi sebesar 88,964% dan setelah dilaksakannya Turn Around (TA) sebesar 94,928% dengan teknik perhitungan koefsien tranfer panas overall menggunakan data panas dibanding dengan data luas permukangan dan LMTD (Log Mean Temperature Difference). Kata kunci : Amoniak, Turbine Condenser E-2302, Evaluasi Kinerja Abstract- PT. Kaltim Parna Industri (KPI) is an ammonia plant with a capacity of 1,500 MPTD. The purity of the products produced  99.95% by weight. The process that is used in PT. KPI is Haldor Topsoe Process. The raw material used to produce ammonia is natural gas (as a source of H2) and air (as a source of N2). PT. Kaltim Parna Industri has two main units of production processes and utilities. In the production process of the unit there are several major units, unit desulphurizer, reforming system consists of primary and secondary reformer, CO Converter unit consisting of High and Low Temperature CO Converter (HTS and LTS), CO2 units, unit methanator, and ammonia converter. In the unit utility has main units, there are units of sea water intake, units of desalination, demineralization, daerator, Package Boilers, Water Heat Boiler, sea water cooling towers, waste water treatment system, chlorination, STG and emergency diesel denerator, N2 generator, instrument water, and storage tanks. Turbine Condenser E-2302 has the main function to condense steam low to utilize the latent heat which is then used to drive a steam turbine-pump (TS / P-2301A / B). Overall heat transfer coefficient of turbine condenser E-2302 prior to Turn Around (TA) has an efficiency of 88.964% and afterTurn Around (TA) of 94 928% with heat transfer coefficient calculation technique overalls using calor compared with area and LMTD (Log Mean Temperature Difference). Keywords: Ammonia, Turbine Condenser E-2302, Performance Evaluation

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