Low Doses of Traditional Nanophytomedicines for Clinical Treatment: Manufacturing Processes and Nonlinear Response Patterns

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 4021-4038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris R. Bell ◽  
Barbara Sarter ◽  
Leanna J. Standish ◽  
Prasanta Banerji ◽  
Pratip Banerji
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Response Patterns

The Utility of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Response Patterns in Prediction of Site-Level Clinical Treatment Outcome

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi M. Leppilahti ◽  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
Mikko A. Kallio ◽  
Taina Tervahartiala ◽  
Gülnur Emingil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOANATOMIC RESPONSES OF Bowdichia virgilioides KUNTH. (FABACEAE) TO GLYPHOSATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Augusta de Oliveira ◽  
Ailton José Crispim-Filho ◽  
Vanessa Ribeirode Souza Santos ◽  
Alan Carlos Costa ◽  
Kellen Lagares Ferreira Silva
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Palisade Parenchyma ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

ABSTRACT The expansion of agribusiness in Brazil is partly due to the expansion of arable areas in the Cerrado biome, which, consequently, leads to an increase in the use of herbicides, including glyphosate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and morphoanatomic responses of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth. (Fabaceae), when exposed to the herbicide glyphosate, under controlled greenhouse conditions. In addition, the study proposed to identify possible response patterns of the studied species and provide subsidies for the study of the species in areas affected by the drift of the herbicide. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with seven doses of the herbicide: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 g i.a ha-1 besides the control (0), with four repetitions each. Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence emission, chloroplast pigment content, membrane permeability, and visual and anatomical features were analyzed. The results showed that glyphosate is phytotoxic to B. virgilioides because, even at low doses, this herbicide was able to affect all parameters analyzed. There was also confirmation of the presence of phenolic compounds, mainly in the palisade parenchyma. The metabolic alterations presented demonstrated the sensitivity of B. virgilioides to glyphosate. Thus, the observed responses can serve as a tool for diagnosing the effects of glyphosate exposure on this species, present in native areas affected by the drift of this herbicide. Its indiscriminate use poses a risk to Cerrado biodiversity.

scholarly journals Effect of Low Doses of Guaiacol and Ethanol on Enzymatic Activity of Fungal Cultures

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154014203914343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Malarczyk ◽  
Anna Jarosz-Wilkołazka ◽  
Janina Kochmanska-Rdest
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Serial Dilutions

The influence of low doses of guaiacol and ethanol, the natural effectors of lignin and phenolics transformations, on laccase and peroxidase activities produced by two strains of Basidiomycetes, Pleurotus sajor-caju and Trametes versicolor, was evaluated. Fungal mycelia were grown for 2 weeks on liquid media containing serial dilutions of guaiacol or ethanol ranging from 100−1 to 100−20 mol/L. Laccase and peroxidase activities in the medium were measured at the end of 2 weeks. The effect of low doses of guaiacol and ethanol on enzyme activities was manifested in an oscillating manner. Similar response patterns were observed when pure enzymes were exposed to the same serial dilutions of guaiacol and ethanol. T. versicolor cultures enriched with 40 mmol guaiacol (simulating natural environmental conditions) also displayed oscillating enzyme activity patterns in response to serial dilutions of guaiacol, but the maximum enzyme activity values were increased compared to those observed in cultures not receiving 40 mmol guaiacol. The differences between maxima and minima varied among the experimental groups and depended on the species of fungus, type of effector, and kind of enzyme. The results suggest the possibility of subtle regulation of enzymatic activity on the molecular level.

The Response of Testes Cells to Low Level, Single dose Helium Particle Irradiation

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
D.E. Philpott ◽  
W. Sapp ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
J. Stevenson ◽  
S. Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cell ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Particle Irradiation ◽  
Stem Cell Survival ◽  
Irradiation Injury ◽  
Radio Sensitivity

Spermatogonial stem-cell survival after irradiation injury has been studied in rodents by histological counts of surviving cells. Many studies, including previous work from our laboratory, show that the spermatogonial population demonstrates a heterogeneous response to irradiation. The spermatogonia increase in radio-sensitivity as differentiation proceeds through the sequence As - Apr - A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - In - B. The stem (As) cell is the most resistant and the B cell is the most sensitive. The purpose of this work is to investigate the response of spermatogonial cell to low doses (less than 10 0 rads) of helium particle irradiation.

Potentiation of bromotrichloromethane hepatotoxicity in male rats exposed to 10 ppm dietary chlordecone: Electron Microscopic and biochemical study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
O. M. Faroon ◽  
R. W. Henry ◽  
M. G. Soni ◽  
H. M. Mehendale
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Potent Inducer ◽  
Cellular Energy

Previous work has shown that mirex undergoes photolytic dechlorination to chlordecone (CD) (KeponeR) in the environment. Much work has shown that prior exposure to nontoxic levels of CD causes potentiation of hepatotoxicity and lethality of CCl4, BrCCl3 and other halomethane compounds. Potentiation of bromotrichloromethane hepatotoxicity has been associated with compounds that stimulate the activity of hepatic mixed-function oxidase (MFO). An increase in the metabolism of halomethane by the MFO to a free radical initiates peroxidative decomposition of membranal lipids ending in massive cellular injury. However, not all MFO inducers potentiate BrCCl3 hepatotoxicity. Potentiation by much larger doses of phenobarbital is minimal and th at by a more potent inducer of MFO, mirex, is negligible at low doses. We suggest that the CD and bromotrichloromethane interaction results in a depletion of cellular energy and thereby reducing the cellular ability to undergo mitosis.

Stimulus Ratio Effects on Speech Discrimination by Children and Adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan E. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Discrimination Accuracy ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Adults And Children

This investigation examined the response strategies and discrimination accuracy of adults and children aged 5–10 as the ratio of same to different trials was varied across three conditions of a “change/no-change” discrimination task. The conditions varied as follows: (a) a ratio of one-third same to two-thirds different trials (33% same), (b) an equal ratio of same to different trials (50% same), and (c) a ratio of two-thirds same to one-third different trials (67% same). Stimuli were synthetic consonant-vowel syllables that changed along a place of articulation dimension by formant frequency transition. Results showed that all subjects changed their response strategies depending on the ratio of same-to-different trials. The most lax response pattern was observed for the 50% same condition, and the most conservative pattern was observed for the 67% same condition. Adult response patterns were most conservative across condition. Differences in discrimination accuracy as measured by P(C) were found, with the largest difference in the 5- to 6-year-old group and the smallest change in the adult group. These findings suggest that children’s response strategies, like those of adults, can be manipulated by changing the ratio of same-to-different trials. Furthermore, interpretation of sensitivity measures must be referenced to task variables such as the ratio of same-to-different trials.

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