Clause-Bounded Movement: Stylistic Fronting and Phase Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Karl Ingason ◽  
Jim Wood
Keyword(s):  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
External Argument ◽  
Phase Theory ◽  
Opposing View ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Bounded Movement

In this squib, we provide novel empirical support for treating the thematic domain—the vP—as a locality domain like CP (a phase), in agreement with a growing body of research (see Fox 1999 , Barbiers 2002 , Legate 2003 , Rackowski and Richards 2005 , Cozier 2006 , Kahnemuyipour and Megerdoomian 2011 , Buell 2012 , Van Urk and Richards 2015 ; see Den Dikken 2006 for an opposing view). We show how vP phasehood solves a previously unsolved problem for defining the locality of Icelandic Stylistic Fronting. We present novel data to show that Stylistic Fronting of verbs and particles can only cross one phase boundary, a generalization that is empirically superior to clause-boundedness. Our study supports the view that v defines a phase edge whether the verb is linked to an external argument or not ( Legate 2003 , Marantz 2007 ).

scholarly journals Morpheme Ordering Across Languages Reflects Optimization for Processing Efficiency

Open Mind ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Michael Hahn ◽  
Rebecca Mathew ◽  
Judith Degen
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Processing Theory ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Agglutinative Languages ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Semantic Scope

Abstract The ordering of morphemes in a word displays well-documented regularities across languages. Previous work has explained these in terms of notions such as semantic scope, relevance, and productivity. Here, we test a recently formulated processing theory of the ordering of linguistic units, the efficient tradeoff hypothesis (Hahn et al., 2021). The claim of the theory is that morpheme ordering can partly be explained by the optimization of a tradeoff between memory and surprisal. This claim has received initial empirical support from two languages. In this work, we test this idea more extensively using data from four additional agglutinative languages with significant amounts of morphology, and by considering nouns in addition to verbs. We find that the efficient tradeoff hypothesis predicts ordering in most cases with high accuracy, and accounts for cross-linguistic regularities in noun and verb inflection. Our work adds to a growing body of work suggesting that many ordering properties of language arise from a pressure for efficient language processing.

scholarly journals Agreement and unlocking at the edge

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Colin Davis ◽  
Kenyon Branan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Theory ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Cyclic Linearization ◽  
The Relationship

A growing body of work argues that Agree has the effect of “unlocking” certain domains, phases, such that otherwise illicit extraction from them becomes permitted (Rackowski & Richards 2005, van Urk and Richards 2015, Halpert 2016, 2018, Branan 2018). First, we address when such unlocking is required. While some works argue that unlocking is only needed for extraction from deep within a phase, others argue that all extraction requires it. We argue in support of the former view, based on Chichewa facts reported in Mchombo (2004, 2006). Second, we consider the relationship between unlocking effects and phase theory more generally. We argue that the possibility of unlocking indicates that material deep within a phase must not be rendered inaccessible by spellout, or else unlocking effects should be impossible. We explore how unlocking might be handled in the cyclic linearization theory of phases (Fox & Pesetsky 2005, a.o.) which leaves syntactic elements accessible post-spellout.

Female rebels and United Nations peacekeeping deployments

2021 ◽  
pp. 001083672110471
Author(s):  
Marius Mehrl ◽  
Christoph Dworschak
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Growing Body

How does the presence of female rebel combatants during conflict influence the likelihood of United Nations post-conflict peacekeeping deployment? While past literature on peacekeeping emphasizes the role of conflict attributes and security council interests, only few studies investigate the importance of belligerent characteristics. We argue that, because dominant gender stereotypes paint women as peaceful, female rebel combatants lead domestic and international audiences to perceive conflicts in which they fight as more severe. Given that recent UN resolutions and mission mandates align with these stereotypes, this in turn, causes the UN to intervene and deploy peacekeepers. Multivariate regression models drawing on a global sample of UN post-conflict missions provide empirical support for our hypothesis. Our findings add to the growing body of literature emphasizing the role of women in combat roles, and contribute to the discussion on the UN’s Women, Peace, and Security agenda.

On the deletion of word-final schwa in Southern French

Phonology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Eychenne
Keyword(s):  
Basque Country ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Lexical Frequency ◽  
Phonological Knowledge ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Data Points

Although a growing body of literature in formal phonology has espoused the view that phonological knowledge is gradient and probabilistic, this perspective remains somewhat controversial. This paper provides further empirical support for this strand of work: it offers an analysis of the gradient deletion of word-final schwa in Southern French, using a corpus containing 7787 data points obtained from 45 subjects spread over three dialectal areas (the Basque Country, Languedoc and Provence). In addition to confirming or nuancing previous findings about the role of several phonological and non-phonological variables, the study demonstrates the influence of lexical frequency, grammatical category, sonority and the feature specification of the consonant before schwa.

Definition Of Endometrial Immune Dysfunction In Recurrentpregnancy Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Nigora Abdugaffarovna Mamasalieva ◽  
◽  
Shoxista Abdugapparovna Mamasolieva ◽  
Maftuna Daughteraziz Abdullaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Immunological Disorders ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Definition Of

Recurrent miscarriage (RMP) is an unsolved problem in modern gynecology and obstetrics. A growing body of experimental research suggests that endometrial immune dysregulation may be responsible for many, if not all, cases of PNL of unknown etiology. This article discusses the main immunological disorders that occur in PNL.

scholarly journals Inequality and water pollution in India

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulhi Ridzuan
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
High Water ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Abstract India is notorious for high inequality and high water pollution. There is a growing body of literature that says inequality is harmful to the environment, but it does not receive strong empirical support. We discuss some econometric problems that may have caused mixed findings in the empirical literature and use appropriate tools to overcome the problems. Our empirical results using Indian time-series data show (i) that inequality leads to an increase in water pollution, (ii) that the magnitude of inequality is nearly as large as that of corruption, suggesting that reducing inequality is as almost important as curbing corruption in addressing water pollution challenges in India, and (iii) that increases in water pollution, in turn, widen inequality in India. Our results are robust to various sensitivity checks. We also find no evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for water pollution in India.

scholarly journals The Representation of Gender and Inflectional Class in Italian: A Reply to Kučerová 2018

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Pietro Baggio ◽  
Yasutada Sudo
Keyword(s):  
Recent Article ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Phase Theory ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Features

Abstract In a recent article, Kučerová 2018 (henceforth K18) puts forward a novel theory of the morphology and interpretation of nominal gender in Italian. This paper takes issue with this theory from both empirical and theoretical standpoints. We first show that several generalisations presented as empirical support for it are in fact incorrect. We then point out a series of fundamental challenges for the theory. First, the proposed three-way classification of nouns misrepresents the full range of facts, because it does not take into account plural morphology or the interdependencies of CLASS and GENDER features. Second, the account of gender mismatch in terms of “semiconservativity” fails to capture the Italian data, once the full paradigm is considered. Finally, K18’s use of Phase Theory to model contextual valuation of gender faces an insurmountable lookahead problem.

Vertical Integration of Hospitals and Physicians: Economic Theory and Empirical Evidence on Spending and Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brady Post ◽  
Tom Buchmueller ◽  
Andrew M. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hospital Physician ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Physician Relationship ◽  
Vertical Foreclosure

Hospital–physician vertical integration is on the rise. While increased efficiencies may be possible, emerging research raises concerns about anticompetitive behavior, spending increases, and uncertain effects on quality. In this review, we bring together several of the key theories of vertical integration that exist in the neoclassical and institutional economics literatures and apply these theories to the hospital–physician relationship. We also conduct a literature review of the effects of vertical integration on prices, spending, and quality in the growing body of evidence ( n = 15) to evaluate which of these frameworks have the strongest empirical support. We find some support for vertical foreclosure as a framework for explaining the observed results. We suggest a conceptual model and identify directions for future research. Based on our analysis, we conclude that vertical integration poses a threat to the affordability of health services and merits special attention from policymakers and antitrust authorities.

The Sociocultural View of Heroin Use: Toward a Role-Theoretic Model

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
Symbolic Interactionist ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Growing Body

There is a growing body of ethnographic literature which documents the existence of a heroin street addict lifestyle. Drawing on both this literature and symbolic interactionist and role theory, this paper develops a hypothesis oriented theory of heroin use. Empirical support for the theory is presented.

South Asian Stories: Firsthand Client Perspectives on Barriers to Accessing Speech-Language Pathology Services

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Client Experiences ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Language Pathology

This article details the experience of two South Asian individuals with family members who had communication disorders. I provide information on intrinsic and extrinsic barriers reported by these clients in responses to a survey and during individual ethnographic interviews. These data are part of a larger study and provide empirical support of cultural and linguistic barriers that may impede timely access to and utilization of speech-language pathology (SLP) services. The purpose of this article is to shed light on barriers and facilitators that influence South Asian clients' access to SLP services. I provide and briefly analyze two case vignettes to provide readers a phenomenological perspective on client experiences. Data about barriers limiting access to SLP services were obtained via client surveys and individual interviews. These two clients' data were extracted from a larger study (Mahendra, Scullion, Hamerschlag, Cooper, & La, 2011) in which 52 racially/ethnically diverse clients participated. Survey items and interview questions were designed to elicit information about client experiences when accessing SLP services. Results reveal specific intrinsic and extrinsic barriers that affected two South Asian clients' access to SLP services and have important implications for all providers.

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