Virtual Reality—Virtual Brain: Questioning Reality

Leonardo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Wennberg
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Computer Memory ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Multimedia Art ◽  
Individual Human

The author’s multimedia art is inspired by memory and cognitive processes. This paper discusses certain human brain functions, including a reflection on the evolution from individual human memory to collective computer memory and the role of the artist in this vital change.

scholarly journals Meditations on memory

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Home
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
Memory Functions ◽  
Individual Human ◽  
Archival Study ◽  
The Way

Archives have often been thought of as the warehouses of collective or societal memory. This article explores the role of memory, in both its physical and metaphysical state, in the field of archival study. ?e functionality of individual human memory is investigated in order to understand how it operates and becomes co-opted into an institutional archival setting. Since it is the archivist’s goal to reflect and collect societal memory through the documentary heritage of the populace, it is therefore important for archivists to be aware of the way in which memory functions within the individuals who make up that population.

scholarly journals Constructive memory: past and future

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Human memory is not a literal reproduction of the past, but instead relies on constructive processes that are sometimes prone to error and distortion. Understanding of constructive memory has accelerated during recent years as a result of research that has linked together its cognitive and neural bases. This article focuses on three aspects of constructive memory that have been the target of recent research: (i) the idea that certain kinds of memory distortions reflect the operation of adaptive cognitive processes that contribute to the efficient functioning of memory; (ii) the role of a constructive memory system in imagining or simulating possible future events; and (iii) differences between true and false memories that have been revealed by functional neuroimaging techniques. The article delineates the theoretical implications of relevant research, and also considers some clinical and applied implications.

scholarly journals Memory entrainment by visually evoked theta-gamma coupling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Köster ◽  
Ulla Martens ◽  
Thomas Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Integral Function ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Theta Frequency ◽  
Entrainment Effect ◽  
Individual Alpha Frequency

AbstractIt is an integral function of the human brain to sample novel information from the environment and to update the internal representation of the external world. The formation of new memories is assumed to be orchestrated by neuronal oscillations, the rhythmic synchronization of neuronal activity within and across cell assemblies. Specifically, successful encoding of novel information is associated with increased theta oscillations (3-8Hz) and theta coupled gamma activity (40-120Hz), and a decrease in alpha oscillations (8-12Hz). However, given the correlative nature of neurophysiological recordings, the causal role of neuronal rhythms in human memory encoding is still unclear. Here, we experimentally enhance the formation of novel memories by a visual brain stimulation at an individually adjusted theta frequency, in contrast to the stimulation at an individual alpha frequency. Critically, the memory entrainment effect by the theta stimulation was not explained by theta power per se, but was driven by visually evoked theta-gamma coupling in wide spread cortical networks. These findings provide first evidence for a functional role of the theta rhythm and the theta-gamma neuronal code in human episodic memory. Yet more strikingly, the entrainment of mnemonic network mechanisms by a simplistic visual stimulation technique provides a proof of concept that internal rhythms align with visual pacemakers, which can entrain complex cognitive functions in the wake human brain.

scholarly journals The cognitive process and influence in learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Enrique Byron Ayón Parrales ◽  
Josefa Katiuska Toala Palma ◽  
Romina Adelina Quevedo Álava ◽  
Marcos Fernando Pazmiño Campuzano
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Know How ◽  
Brain Functions

Learning is linked to the interactions of human brain functions. Every teacher or person who is linked to education is faced with the need and obligation to know how the human brain works and at the same time stimulate it with techniques and strategies that facilitate the assimilation of teaching. Cognitive processes play an important role in education, this help to interact preconceptions and knowledge with their natural and social environment, including processes in which it involves learning with which we acquire knowledge daily and routinely, whether it gives implicitly or explicitly, it helps to solve diverse situations, establishing logical and adequate connections with the help of reasoning because it conducts a behavioral and cognitive process of concentration that keeps us attentive.

scholarly journals Classical conditioning of analgesic and hyperalgesic pain responses without conscious awareness

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (25) ◽  
pp. 7863-7867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Jensen ◽  
Irving Kirsch ◽  
Sara Odmalm ◽  
Ted J. Kaptchuk ◽  
Martin Ingvar
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Conditioned Analgesia ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Conditioning Stimuli

Pain reduction and enhancement can be produced by means of conditioning procedures, yet the role of awareness during the acquisition stage of classical conditioning is unknown. We used psychophysical measures to establish whether conditioned analgesic and hyperalgesic responses could be acquired by unseen (subliminally presented) stimuli. A 2 × 2 factorial design, including subliminal/supraliminal exposures of conditioning stimuli (CS) during acquisition/extinction, was used. Results showed significant analgesic and hyperalgesic responses (P < 0.001), and responses were independent of CS awareness, as subliminal/supraliminal cues during acquisition/extinction led to comparable outcomes. The effect was significantly larger for hyperalgesic than analgesic responses (P < 0.001). Results demonstrate that conscious awareness of the CS is not required during either acquisition or extinction of conditioned analgesia or hyperalgesia. Our results support the notion that nonconscious stimuli have a pervasive effect on human brain function and behavior and may affect learning of complex cognitive processes such as psychologically mediated analgesic and hyperalgesic responses.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

Top-Down Processing and Visual Reorientation Illusions in a Virtual Reality Environment

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred W. Mast ◽  
Charles M. Oman
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

The role of top-down processing on the horizontal-vertical line length illusion was examined by means of an ambiguous room with dual visual verticals. In one of the test conditions, the subjects were cued to one of the two verticals and were instructed to cognitively reassign the apparent vertical to the cued orientation. When they have mentally adjusted their perception, two lines in a plus sign configuration appeared and the subjects had to evaluate which line was longer. The results showed that the line length appeared longer when it was aligned with the direction of the vertical currently perceived by the subject. This study provides a demonstration that top-down processing influences lower level visual processing mechanisms. In another test condition, the subjects had all perceptual cues available and the influence was even stronger.

The role of social and cognitive processes in children's adjustment to community violence.

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Kliewer ◽  
Stephen J. Lepore ◽  
Deborah Oskin ◽  
Patricia D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Community Violence ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Children's Adjustment ◽  
Children’S Adjustment

Role of structural plasticity in the human brain for multisensory compensation following unilateral peripheral vestibular lesion

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Helmchen ◽  
J Klinkenstein ◽  
T Sander ◽  
J Gliemroth ◽  
B Machner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Vestibular Lesion
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