scholarly journals Auguste Rodin Draws Blind: An Art and Psychology Study

Leonardo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
John Tchalenko ◽  
R. Chris Miall
Keyword(s):  
Line Shape ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Vision ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Art Students ◽  
Auguste Rodin ◽  
Motor Strategy ◽  
Static Images ◽  
Complex Lines

Late in his life Rodin produced many thousand “instant drawings.” He asked models to make natural energetic movements, and he would draw them at high speed without looking at his hand or paper. To help understand his “blind drawing” process, the authors tracked the eye and hand movements of art students while they drew blind, copying complex lines presented to them as static images. The study found that line shape was correctly reproduced, but scaling could show major deficiencies not seen in Rodin's sketches. The authors propose that Rodin's direct vision-to-motor strategy, coupled with his high expertise, allowed him to accurately depict in one sweep the entire model, without “thoughts arresting the flow of sensations.”

scholarly journals Active palpation underlying shape perception is shaped by physiological thresholds and experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neomi Mizrachi ◽  
Guy Nelinger ◽  
Ehud Ahissar ◽  
Amos Arieli
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Shape Perception ◽  
Tactile Perception ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Hand Tracking ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Temporal Adaptation ◽  
Planar Shape ◽  
Contour Following ◽  
Human Participants

ABSTRACTHand movements are essential for tactile perception of objects. However, why different individuals converge on specific movement patterns is not yet clear. Focusing on planar shape perception, we tracked the hands of 11 participants while they practiced shape recognition. Our results show that planar shape perception is mediated by contour-following movements, either tangential to the contour or spatially-oscillating perpendicular to it, and by scanning movements, crossing between distant parts of the shapes’ contour. Both strategies exhibited non-uniform coverage of the shapes’ contours. We found that choice of strategy during the first experimental session was strongly correlated with two idiosyncratic parameters: participants with lower tactile resolution tended to move faster; and faster-adapting participants tended to employ oscillatory movements more often. In addition, practicing on isolated geometric features increased the tendency to use the contour-following strategy. These results provide insights into the processes of strategy selection in tactile perception.SIGNIFICANCE STATMENTHand movements are integral components of tactile perception. Yet, the specific motion strategies used to perceive specific objects and features, and their dependence on physiological features and on experience, are understudied. Focusing on planar shape perception and using high-speed hand tracking we show that human participants employ two basic palpation strategies: Contour-following and scanning. We further show that the strategy chosen by each participant and its kinematics depend strongly on the participant’s physiological thresholds – indicative of spatial resolution and temporal adaptation - and on their perceptual experience.

Radial Velocities for the Pulsating Subdwarf B Star PG 1605+072

2002 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
V.M. Woolf ◽  
C.S. Jeffery ◽  
D.L. Pollacco
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Line Shape ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Radial Velocities ◽  
Peak Amplitude ◽  
Amplitude Ratios ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Velocity Variations ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWe have performed high-speed spectroscopy of the pulsating subdwarf B star PG 1605+072. Its radial velocity variations have frequencies similar to those reported from photometric observations. Peak amplitude ratios are different, probably as a result of power shifting between modes over time. Line-shape variations have also been detected.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Heating of Steel Wires During High Speed Multipass Drawing Process/ Analiza Nagrzewania Się Drutów Stalowych W Procesie Ciągnienia Wielostopniowego Z Dużymi Prędkosciami

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1475-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Suliga
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heated Surface ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Drawing Speed ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness

Abstract The analysis of the heating of the wire including theoretical studies showed that in the multistage drawing process a increase drawing speed causes intense heating of a thin surface layer of the wire to a temperature exceeding 1100°C, which should be explained by the accumulation of heat due to friction at the interface between wire and die. It has been shown that with increasing of drawing speed the heated surface layer thickness measured at the exit of the wire from the dies is reduced significantly and at drawing speed of 25 m/s is equal to about 68 μm. The decrease in the thickness of this layer can be explained by a shorter time of heat transfer to the wire, which causes additional heat accumulation in the surface layer. Thus fivefold increase in drawing speed caused an approximately 110% increase in the temperature in the surface layer of the wire. Experimental studies have shown that the increase of drawing speed of 5 to 25 m/s will increase the temperature of the wire after coiled on the spool more than 400%.

The High Speed Wire Drawing Process of Steel Wires under Fluid Frictions Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Maciej Suliga
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Wire Surface ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Drawing Speed ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Multiparameter Analysis

The essential purpose of the work was to determine the phenomena that occur in multipass wire drawing process of high carbon steel wires with high speed in hydrodynamic dies and to assess their influence on moulding the wire properties after the drawing process. The multiparameter analysis of the issues has involved the theoretical dissection of the phenomena arising in high speed wire drawing process in hydrodynamic dies with the usage of the finite element method supported by the experimental multipass drawing process in industrial conditions. On the basis of numerical analysis the influence of drawing speed on wire temperature was estimated. For final wires the investigation of mechanical properties, topogrhaphy of wire surface, the amount of lubricant on the wire surface, the pressure of lubricant in hydrodynamic dies were determined.

Computer Simulation of Aluminum Conductors Drawn in High Speed

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 1567-1570
Author(s):  
Ming Xue Yang ◽  
Jing Tian Luan ◽  
Tian Guo Zhou ◽  
Xue Fei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Drawing Speed ◽  
First Pass ◽  
3D Software ◽  
Distribution Of Stress ◽  
Deform 3D ◽  
Head Line

Drawing speed is one important process in production over-head line, deform 3d software is used to simulate the drawing process. The distribution of stress-strain and temperature in different drawing speed with die angle and friction coefficient was investigated. The results shows that the aluminum conductors can be used in high speed drawing when die angle, drawing speed and frication coefficient of first pass is about11~13 degrees, 4~6m/s and 0.08~0.10 respectively, the uniformity of stress-strain and temperature is better for producing good quality over-head wires with high cold-drawing speed.

Effect of Drawing Parameters on Elongation of Micro Copper Tube with Straight Grooves

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Ou ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Zhen Ping Wan ◽  
L.S. Lu ◽  
B. Lian
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Copper Tube ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Composite Manufacturing ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Drawing Speed ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using high-speed oil-filled spinning and multi-pass drawing composite machining methods, a micro straight groove of copper tube(MSGCT) with an outer diameter about 3 mm~6 mm was obtained, and the forming mechanism of micro straight grooves was investigated. The key factors of process parameters influence the drawing were analyzed. The experimental results show that the values of drawing elongation increases with reduction and die angle increasing. However, drawing elongation increases firstly and then becomes smooth with drawing speed increasing. Stable-quality MSGCT can be achieved by controlling the drawing process parameters and the configurations of micro straight grooves were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). In addition, the high-speed oil-filled spinning and multi-pass drawing composite manufacturing can further improve the capillary force of the micro straight grooves of copper heat pipe.

The Influence of the High Speed Multipass Drawing Process on the Fatigue Strength of High Carbon Steel Wires / Wpływ Wielostopniowego Procesu Ciągnienia Z Dużymi Prędkościami Na Wytrzymałość Zmęczeniową Drutów Ze Stali Wysokowęglowej

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1178
Author(s):  
M. Suliga
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Drawing Speed

In this work the influence of the drawing speed on fatigue strength of high carbon steel wires has been assessed. The drawing process of φ5.5 mm wires to the final wire of φ1.6 mm was conducted in 11 passes, in industrial conditions, by means of a modern Koch multi-die drawing machine. The drawing speeds in the last passes were: 5, 10, 15 and 20 m/s. For φ1.6 mm wires the investigation of fatigue strength has been carried out. In order to explain the effect of drawing speed on fatigue strength of rope wires, the roughness of drawn wires have been also determined. In addition, the numerical analysis of the drawing process on the base of Drawing 2D in which distribution of redundant strain, has been shown. The data of investigations prove the favourable effect of high drawing speed on fatigue strength of drawn wires. It was found that the better fatigue strength of wires drawn at the speed of 20 m/s compared to the wires drawn at the speeds of 5-15 m/s is associated with a better geometric structure of the surface of those wires. In addition to the high fatigue strength of the wires drawn with high speed is related to theirs higher redundant strain. The obtained data investigation can be applied in wire industry while implementing the new technologies of high speed drawing process of high carbon steel wires.

Computational Model for Predicting the Location of Glass Solidification in Optic Fiber Drawing

Volume 3 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Wei ◽  
Kok-Meng Lee ◽  
Zhi Zhou ◽  
Siu-Ping Hong
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Optic Fiber ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Fiber Drawing

This paper presents a computational model for predicting the location at which the glass fiber solidifies during a high-speed drawing process. Although modeling of the optic fiber drawing process has been of interest for the past two decades, traditional fiber drawing process uses small diameter preforms and low draw speeds, where the glass usually solidifies and turns into fiber inside the furnace. Much larger preforms drawn at higher speeds have been used in the state-of-the-art fiber drawing systems to improve production efficiency and reduce cost. Insulated post-chambers are often added below the furnace to reduce the glass cooling rate so that the optical loss in the fiber is low. To provide a basis for design optimization of the post-chamber, we have solved the conjugate problem of the glass free surface flow and the air convection to determine the location where the glass solidifies. As radiation is the dominant mode of heat transfer in the glass, the radiative transfer equation (RTE) is solved directly by discrete ordinate method (DOM). The heat flux due to the mixed convection of the air is also numerically calculated along the glass free surface, which involves the boundary layer flow around a continuously moving fiber and the buoyancy driven flow through the open-ended channel. The calculated free shapes are compared against the experimentally measured data to verify the computational model.

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