scholarly journals Inaugural Health Equity and Actionable Disparities in Stroke: Understanding and Problem-Solving Symposium

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 3382-3391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amytis Towfighi ◽  
Richard T. Benson ◽  
Raelle Tagge ◽  
Claudia S. Moy ◽  
Clinton B. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
Research Findings

Race/ethnic minorities face significant inequities in stroke incidence, prevalence, care, and outcomes. The Health Equity and Actionable Disparities in Stroke: Understanding and Problem-solving symposium, a collaborative initiative of the American Heart Association and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, was the first-ever annual multidisciplinary scientific forum focused on race/ethnic inequities in cerebrovascular disease, with the overarching goal of reducing inequities in stroke and accelerating the translation of research findings to improve outcomes for race/ethnic minorities. The symposium featured esteemed invited plenary speakers, lecturing on determinants of race/ethnic inequities in stroke and interventions aimed at redressing the inequities. The Edgar J. Kenton III Award recognized Ralph Sacco, MD, MS, for his lifetime contributions to investigation, management, mentorship, and community service in the field of stroke inequities. Early career investigators were provided with travel awards to attend the symposium; presented their research at moderated poster and Think Tank sessions; received career development advice at the Building Momentum session; and networked with experienced stroke inequities researchers. Future conferences—The Health Equity and Actionable Disparities in Stroke: Understanding and Problem-solving 2021 to 2024—will broaden the focus to include 5 major persistent inequities (race/ethnic, sex, geographic, socioeconomic, and global). Each year will focus on a different theme (community and stakeholder engagement; clinical trials; implementation science; and policy and dissemination). By fostering a community of stroke inequities researchers, we hope to highlight promising work, illuminate research gaps, facilitate networking, inform policy makers, recognize achievement, inspire greater interest among junior investigators to pursue careers in this field, and provide networking opportunities for underrepresented minority scientists.

scholarly journals HEADS-UP: Understanding and Problem-Solving

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 3375-3381
Author(s):  
Bruce Ovbiagele
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Grant Writing ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Racial Ethnic

There are substantial and longstanding inequities in stroke incidence, prevalence, care, and outcomes. The Health Equity and Actionable Disparities in Stroke: Understanding and Problem-Solving (HEADS-UP) symposium is an annual multidisciplinary scientific and educational forum targeting major inequities in cerebrovascular disease, with the ultimate objective of helping to bridge major inequities in stroke, and promptly translating scientific results into routine clinical practice, for the benefit of vulnerable and underserved populations. HEADS-UP is a collaborative undertaking by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the American Stroke Association and is held the day before the annual International Stroke Conference. In 2020, the HEADS-UP focused on the topic of racial/ethnic disparities in stroke and comprised invited lectures on determinants of racial/ethnic inequities in stroke as well as emerging interventions or promising strategies designed to overcome these inequities. Competitively selected travel award scholarships were given to 19 early stage investigators who presented posters at professor moderated sessions; engaged in several career development activities aimed imparting grant writing skills, knowledge about climbing the academic ladder, and striving for work-life balance; and participated in networking events. This Health Equity edition of Focused Updates will feature an overview of the HEADS-UP 2020 symposium proceedings and articles covering the key scientific content of the major lectures delivered during the symposium including the presentation by the award-winning plenary speaker. Starting in 2021, HEADS-UP will expand to include 5 major inequities in stroke (racial/ethnic, sex, geographic, socioeconomic, and global) and seeks to be a viable avenue to meet the health equity goals of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and World Stroke Organization.

scholarly journals The Language of Schooling: A Challenge to Subject Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Moe
Keyword(s):  
Minority Students ◽  
School Context ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
European Centre ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Students Success

This article focuses on the importance of language as a means to acquire knowledge in traditional content subjects at school. The article's aim is threefold: to introduce the term language of schooling; to point to some recent research findings in the field; to discuss what a focus on language in subject classes could mean in a school context. This article builds on findings from the project Language descriptors for migrant and minority students’ success in compulsory education hosted by the European Centre for Modern Languages (ECML) in Graz in 2012 and 2013 ( Moe et al. 2015) and materials collected in connection with an ECML think tank on the language of schooling in September 2016 (ECML 2016).

scholarly journals Health Equity of Rural Residents in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Mei Li ◽  
Jing Kou ◽  
Zhen Yu ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Xiao ◽  
Qiong Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Educational Levels

The Chinese government stresses healthcare reform to improve the health of all residents in urban and rural areas. However, much research showed that inequities still existed in health status and health services utilization in China, especially in economically disadvantaged areas. Southwest China's Yunnan Province is an ethnic frontier region with lagging economic development. This study analyzed health equity among rural residents with various socio-economic and demographic statuses in Yunnan Province. Research on this area concerns rural residents. Our study was based on a household study sample consisting of 27,395 participants from six counties in Yunnan. For all participants, data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics, and health status were collected. The chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze factors influencing health. The concentration index was used to evaluate health equity. For all respondents, the 2-week prevalence, the prevalence of chronic diseases, and the required hospitalization rate were 7.3, 12.8, and 9.2%, respectively. After adjusting the age proportion of the sixth population census of Yunnan Province, the 2-week prevalence was 7.1%, the prevalence of chronic disease was 10.7%, and the hospitalization rate was 8.4%. The concentration indexes (CIs) reflecting health equity among the respondents with different incomes and educational levels were negative. There was health inequity among respondents with different incomes and educational levels. The respondents with lower incomes and educational levels had worse health. The common influencing factors included gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, marriage status, and the number of family members. Females, the aged, ethnic minorities, farmers, and the divorced or widowed had worse health status than the control groups. Larger numbers of family members correlated with better health. The respondents with lower incomes or educational levels had higher chronic disease prevalences. The associations between the 2-week prevalence, required hospitalization rate, and age were U-shaped; the lowest age group and the highest age group had higher rates. In conclusion, more attention should be paid to females, the aged, ethnic minorities, farmers, the divorced or widowed, residents with low income and low educational level, and those with chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Why Age and Aging Research Matters—for Early-Career Researchers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 827-828
Author(s):  
Marie Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Junior Faculty ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Early Career ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Research Resources

Abstract The National Institute on Aging (NIA) at the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, supports biomedical and behavioral research with a life-span focus. There is attention to understanding basic processes of aging, improving prevention and treatment of diseases and conditions common in later years, improving the health of older persons, as well as a focus on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The NIA also supports the training and career development of scientists focusing on aging research and the development of research resources. The symposium, meant for junior faculty and emerging scholars, will provide an update on the latest research findings from the NIA followed by a brief update on funding mechanisms. An opportunity is provided to meet and consult with NIA extramural staff.

Why does problem-oriented mathematics education not succeed in an eighth grade? An insight in an empirical study

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Heike Hagelgans
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
School Class ◽  
Teaching Concept ◽  
Research Findings

Based on current research findings on the possibilities of integration of problem solving into mathematics teaching, the difficulties of pupils with problem solving tasks and of teachers to get started in problem solving, this article would like to show which concrete difficulties delayed the start of the implementation of a generally problem-oriented mathematics lesson in an eighth grade of a grammar school. The article briefly describes the research method of this qualitative study and identifies and discusses the difficulties of problem solving in the examined school class. In a next step, the results of this study are used to conceive a precise teaching concept for this specific class for the introduction into problem-oriented mathematics teaching.

scholarly journals STRENGTH IN AGE: HARNESSING THE POWER OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING FOR EARLY-CAREER SCIENTISTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S405-S406
Author(s):  
Marie A Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Junior Faculty ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Early Career ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Research Resources

Abstract The National Institute on Aging (NIA) at the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, supports biomedical and behavioral research with a life-span focus. There is attention to understanding basic processes of aging, improving prevention and treatment of diseases and conditions common in later years, improving the health of older persons, as well as a focus on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The NIA also supports the training and career development of scientists focusing on aging research and the development of research resources. The symposium, meant for junior faculty and emerging scholars, will provide an update on the latest research findings from the NIA followed by a brief update on funding mechanisms. An opportunity is provided to meet and consult with NIA extramural staff.

scholarly journals Organizational cognitive neuroscience – potential (non-) implications for practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J.R. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Translational Activity ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Leadership And Organization ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the potential implications and non-implications for leadership and organization development of a recent systematic review of empirical developments in organizational cognitive neuroscience (OCN). Design/methodology/approach Butler et al.’s (2016) systematic review of 40 empirical articles related to OCN is re-interpreted in terms of its potential to reveal (non-) implications for practice. OCN is critically discussed, then related to the research findings from studies with two methodological designs. Findings At this stage of OCN’s emergence, it appears that neuroimaging and physiology-based research methods have equal potential in their implications for practice, though hormonal data poses ethical public interest dilemmas. Both methods cannot be reduced to specific forms of application to practice, but they set an aspirational direction for the future development of leadership and organizations. Practical implications There appear to be two paces of translational activity – practitioners are moving more quickly than academics in applying OCN to practice. It is suggested that a meeting of minds may be needed to ensure that any risks associated with applying OCN to practice are minimized or eliminated. Social implications Inter-disciplinary research, like OCN, requires a social consensus about how basic research in cognitive neuroscience can be applied to organizations. A think tank will provide opportunities for deeper engagement and co-production between academics and practitioners. Originality/value Critically exploring the potential implications of OCN for practice, by basing the discussion on a systematic review of empirical developments.

Sequencing candidate genes in African American and Hispanic/ Latino probands with early-onset Atrial Fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Chalazan ◽  
D Mol ◽  
A Sridhar ◽  
A Ornelas-Loredo ◽  
F Darbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Read Depth ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Hispanic Latinos ◽  
Family Based

Abstract Introduction Mutations in cardiac ion channels, structural proteins and signaling molecules have been identified in European whites with early-onset AF (EOAF). However, it remains unclear if genetic variation also contributes to the etiology of EOAF in ethnic minorities. Purpose To determine the prevalence of disease causing variants in candidate AF genes in African American and Hispanic/Latino probands with EOAF. Method In this family-based study, probands of African and Hispanic descent with EOAF (defined as AF ≤65 years) were prospectively enrolled in a clinical-DNA biorepository and underwent targeted sequencing for 60 AF candidate genes. Variants were filtered at 20X read depth and clinically evaluated with American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) as well as the Association for Clinical Genomic Science (ACGS) criteria for disease-causing mutations. Results Among 227 EOAF probands with mean (SD) age of AF 51.0 (9.9) years, 132 (58.0%) were men and 148 (65.0%) African American and 79 (35.0%) Hispanic/Latino. Sequencing 60 candidate AF genes revealed 90 variants that met filtering criteria and underwent clinical evaluation. We identified 16 (7.0%) EOAF probands with a likely pathogenic or pathogenic variant with the majority being loss of function (62.5%) and located in the TTN gene (50.0%). We confirmed a family history of AF in 24 probands (10.6%) and 6 families with >1 affected member a variant of unknown significance (VUS) in genes encoding for a sodium channel (SCN10A), potassium channel (KCNE5), sarcomeric proteins (MYH6, TTN) and atrial natriuretic peptide (NPPA) co-segregated with AF. Conclusion Gene sequencing in African American and Hispanic/Latinos probands with EOAF identified a small percentage of disease causing variants in patients with EOAF. Our findings not only represent important progress toward molecular phenotyping of EOAF, but also provides insight into the underlying pathophysiology toward targeted mechanism-based therapies for AF in ethnic minorities. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): American Heart Association

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