Abstract 9: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study and Kawasaki disease

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Ito ◽  
Kiwako Yamamoto ◽  
Kimie Ishizuka ◽  
Hisako Komuro ◽  
Hidetoshi Mezawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Secondary Survey

Background: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) is a nation-wide birth cohort study involving 100,000 parent-child pairs that was conducted by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment. This study was started in 2011 to evaluate the effect of various environmental factors on children’s health and development. Health outcomes and exposure measurements will continue until the participating children become 13 years old. Method: Exposure to environmental factors was assessed by chemical analyses of bio-specimens (blood, cord blood, urine, breast milk, and hair), household environmental measurements, and computational simulations using monitoring data, as well as questionnaires. The JECS’s priority outcomes include reproduction/pregnancy complications, congenital anomalies, neuropsychiatric disorders, immune system disorders, including Kawasaki disease (KD), and metabolic/endocrine system disorders. Genetic factors, socioeconomic status, history of infection, and lifestyle factors were also examined as covariates and potential confounders. Results: Some of the questionnaires for children under 2 years old have already been collected. The numbers of patients with KD according to age were as follows: 14/71,133 (0.02%) between 0-6 months old, 102/51,351 (0.2%) between 6-12 months old, 71/34,595 (0.21%) between 12-18 months old, and 20/20,995 (0.1%) between 18-24 months old. According to these results, the estimated incidence of KD in children younger than 2 years old could reach more than 0.5%, but this number may increase after further collection of questionnaires. We also conducted a secondary survey regarding KD patients, including family history, clinical symptoms, laboratory data, treatment, and outcome. Conclusion: Recently, similar birth cohorts to JECS were already initiated in many countries, but this is the first large-scale birth cohort focusing KD. The results of this cohort may shed new light on the environmental pathogenesis of KD.

BP Neural Network Model for early Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Huang ◽  
Jian Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Bp Neural Network Model

In order to diagnose Kawasaki Disease during early phase, clinical symptoms (temperature, rash, conjunctival injection, erythema of thelips, and oral mucosal changes) and laboratory data (white blood cell, neutrophil, platelet, high sensitive c-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) of 138 children with Kawasaki disease or infectious diseases were used to develop a BP neural network model. 90 random cases were trained using MATLAB software for setting up the BP neural network model. The other 48 cases were analyzed to predict Kawasaki disease using this model. Results showed that the predict accuracy in patients with Kawasaki disease and children with infectious diseases are 95.6% and 88%, respectively. Our result indicates that the BP neural network model is likely to provide an accurate test for early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease.

Early Environmental Factors for Atopic Dermatitis in Children: Pilot Study of Taiwan Birth Cohort Study (TBCS)

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S230-S231
Author(s):  
H J. Wen ◽  
Y C. Lin ◽  
Y L. Lee ◽  
S J. Lin ◽  
Y L. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Taiwan Birth Cohort Study

Child and environmental factors for children with motor coordination problem: a birth cohort study

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e1599
Author(s):  
P.-J. Wang ◽  
A.-W. Hwang ◽  
P.-C. Chen ◽  
G.A. Morgan ◽  
H.-F. Liao
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Coordination Problem

Satisfaction With Health Care in Families Following a Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and/or Palate in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Costa ◽  
Paul White ◽  
Nicola Marie Stock
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Health Care Satisfaction ◽  
Care Satisfaction

Objective: Having a child born with a cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) poses several challenges for new parents and can have a significant psychological impact on the family as a whole. Previous research has indicated that dissatisfaction with health care is a risk factor for poor parental adjustment and family functioning. Yet, knowledge is lacking in regard to which aspects of care parents may be dissatisfied with. The current study aimed to comprehensively evaluate health-care satisfaction in families following a diagnosis of CL/P by utilizing data collected from a UK-wide birth cohort. Methods: Self-reported questionnaire data were obtained from 517 parent dyads enrolled in The Cleft Collective Birth Cohort Study. The “Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory—Healthcare Satisfaction Generic Module” was used as the primary outcome measure. Results: Overall, parents were satisfied with the care they had received. However, less favorable scores were identified in relation to the information parents had been given. A good degree of agreement between mothers and fathers was observed. However, marginal evidence suggested that fathers were significantly more dissatisfied than mothers regarding the “Communication” and “Inclusion of Family” subscales. Conclusions: Although the findings of this large-scale study reflect overall health-care satisfaction, issues are raised in relation to the quality of information families received, particularly for fathers. In addition, fathers may feel less included in their child’s treatment pathway. These findings offer practical suggestions as to which areas of care could be targeted by all health professionals to improve parents’ health-care experiences and promote overall familial adjustment.

scholarly journals Social network type and informal care use in later life: a comparison of three Dutch birth cohorts aged 75–84

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIANCA SUANET ◽  
MARJOLEIN I. BROESE VAN GROENOU ◽  
THEO G. VAN TILBURG
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
Network Type

ABSTRACTRecent societal changes have increased the salience of non-kin relationships. It can be questioned whether network types that are more strongly non-kin-based give more informal care nowadays. We study how informal care use differs according to network type for three birth cohorts. Data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) on older adults aged 75–84 years, interviewed in 1992, 2002 and 2012, respectively (total sample size N = 2,151, analytical sample having functional limitations N = 926). We found four network types: restricted, family-focused with a partner, family-focused without a partner and wider community-focused diverse networks. Wider community-focused diverse networks are more common in the late birth cohort, whereas restricted networks and family-focused networks without a partner are less common. Logistic regression analyses reveal that those in a family-focused network with a partner use informal care more often than those in the other three network types, and insignificant interaction terms show that this does not differ by birth cohort. Irrespective of their network type, those in the late birth cohort use informal care less often. However, after controlling for need, predisposing and context factors, this cohort-difference is no longer significant. We conclude that despite large-scale societal changes, wider community-focused diverse networks do not provide more informal care than before and that among the functionally impaired, the odds of receiving informal care does not decline across birth cohorts.

scholarly journals Population-Based Birth Cohort Studies in Epidemiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5276
Author(s):  
Cristina Canova ◽  
Anna Cantarutti
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Real Word ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Medical Birth Register ◽  
Cohort Study Design

Birth cohort studies are the most appropriate type of design to determine the causal relationship between potential risk factors during the prenatal or postnatal period and the health status of the newborn up to childhood and potentially adulthood. To date, there has been a growth in interest regarding observational population-based studies which are performed to provide answers to specific research questions for defined populations, for instance, assessing the exposure to environmental pollutants or drugs on the risk of developing a disease. Birth cohorts based on the recruitment and active follow-up of mothers and children allow the collection of biological material, and specific clinical and genetic information. However, they require a considerable amount of time and resources and, besides being usually of limited size, they are exposed to the risk of the loss of subjects to follow-up, with decreased statistical power and possible selection bias. For these reasons, linking the medical birth register with administrative health records for mothers and babies is increasingly being used in countries with a universal healthcare system, allowing researchers to identify large and unselected populations from birth, and to reconstruct relevant traits and care pathways of mothers and newborns. This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health focuses on the current state of knowledge on perinatal and postnatal exposures and adverse pregnancy, maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes through population-based birth cohort studies, with a specific focus on real-word data. The 12 accepted articles covered a wide range of themes that can be addressed specifically through birth cohort study design; however, only three were based on real word data with record-linkage to health administrative databases. In particular, two papers have addressed the topic of socioeconomic status considering several indicators both at the individual and contextual level. Two papers focused on inflammatory bowel diseases, both as an outcome of perinatal and antibiotic exposure in early life and as a condition associated with asthma, among children identified in a birth cohort based on a Regional Medical Birth Register. Three articles focused on medication use during pregnancy and its impact on maternal and fetal health. The effect of exposure to prenatal environmental risk factors on perinatal and childhood outcomes has been considered in two papers. Two papers analyzed ad hoc nationwide prospective birth cohorts set in Japan and UK. Finally, we included a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate the relation between growth restriction at birth and congenital heart defects. We think that this Special Issue may contribute to enriching the discussion of future challenges, opportunities, strengths and limitations for all research topics that can be investigated using a population-based birth cohort study design.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and birth cohorts in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-113
Author(s):  
Iva Šunić ◽  
Natalija Novokmet ◽  
Jelena Šarac ◽  
Dubravka Havaš Auguštin ◽  
Nives Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
General Information ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Expectant Mothers ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

A birth cohort study is a form of study that uses expectant mothers and newborn as research subjects. This form of research is suitable for epidemiological studies, which pregnancy and birth cohort studies generally are. Data is collected in order to identify health consequences and overall health outcomes. The main aim of this paper is to review and summarize all cohort studies that have been carried out or are still being conducted in Europe, as well as general information such as aim of the study, number of participants and duration of follow-up. Gathering information was made easier by websites such as Birthcohorts, CHICOS and LifeCycle, where many of the cohorts and their sources are listed. The remaining data was found by searching Google Scholar, PubMed and similar webpages, using keywords ‘birth and pregnancy cohorts’, ‘infants’, ‘pregnancies’, ‘allergies’ and ‘childhood obesity’. Overall, 137 cohorts in 27 countries were found. They are a great and important source of information and for the most part, concentrate on general health and wellbeing of mothers and children. Collaboration between different birth cohorts is crucial for further harmonization of collected data and their use in the public health systems worldwide

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