scholarly journals Early nutrition and later excess adiposity during childhood. A narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Iglesia Altaba ◽  
Elvira Larqué ◽  
María Dolores Mesa ◽  
José Eliseo Blanco-Carnero ◽  
Carolina Gomez-Llorente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
First Year ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
First Year Of Life

BACKGROUND: Studies on childhood obesity mainly focus on the genetic component and on the lifestyle that may be associated with the development of obesity. However, the study of perinatal factors in their programming effect towards future obesity in children or adults is somewhat more recent and there are still mechanisms to be disentangled. SUMMARY: In this narrative review, a comprehensive route based on the influence of some early factors in life in the contribution to later obesity development is presented. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain has been pointed out as independent determinants of infant later adiposity. Lifestyle interventions could have an impact on pregnant mothers throught epigenetic mechanisms capable of redirecting the genetic expression of their children towards a future healthy weight and body composition and dietary-related microbiome modifications in mothers and newborn might also be related. After birth, infant feeding during the first months of life is directly associated with its body composition and nutritional status. From this point of view, all the expert committees in the world are committed to promote exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age, and to continue at least until the first year of life together with complementary feeding based on healthy dietary patterns such as Mediterranean Diet. KEY MESSAGES: To develop future effective programs to tackle early obesity, is necessary not only by controlling lifestyle behaviors like infant feeding but also understanding the role of other mechanisms like the effect of perinatal factors such as maternal diet during pregnancy, epigenetics or microbiome.

Infant Feeding and Infectious Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 806-807
Author(s):  
CHRIS MULFORD
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Research Question ◽  
First Year ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
Infectious Illness ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Year Of Life

To the Editor.— I read with interest the article "Relationship Between Infant Feeding and Infectious Illness: A Prospective Study of Infants During the First Year of Life" by Rubin et al in the April issue.1 Two things puzzle me. The first is that, despite the authors' stated goal of paying close attention to methodology, their definition of breast-feeding fails to meet the standards set forth by most experts on lactation. The second is that, given their substantial investment of time and money in obtaining detailed data on 500 babies for a full year, the authors chose to ask their particular research question.

Growth of Southern Elephant Seals, Mirounga leonina, during their First Foraging Trip

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron M. Bell ◽  
Harry R. Burton ◽  
Mark A. Hindell
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mirounga Angustirostris ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Southern Elephant Seals ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Foraging Skills

A longitudinal study of growth of southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, during their first foraging trip was undertaken at Macquarie Island. On average, body mass increased by 75% while foraging at sea, with individuals growing at 0.34 ± 0.12 (s.d.) kg day-1 (n = 64), and spending 182 ± 51 days (n = 64) at sea. Relatively smaller changes in body length were recorded during the same period, suggesting that growth was composed primarily of adjustments to body composition, rather than increases in gross body size. This may be in response to the functional demands of pelagic life. Body size established early in life (birth mass and departure mass) positively influenced body mass upon return from the first foraging trip. Growth rate, however, was negatively related to departure mass for females, and this is hypothesised to be related to sex differences in body composition, as well as intrasex differences in foraging skills, diving ability and food- conversion efficiency. Despite this, there was no detectable age-specific sexual dimorphism in the first year of life. Animals that were at sea longer tended to return in better body condition. Interspecific comparison suggests that southern elephant seals grow more than do northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris, and this difference may be related to prey abundance and distribution.

THE PIMA INFANT FEEDING STUDY: BREAST FEEDING AND GASTROENTERITIS IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

1984 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. FORMAN ◽  
B. I. GRAUBARD ◽  
H. J. HOFFMAN ◽  
R. BEREN ◽  
E. E. HARLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
First Year ◽  
Feeding Study ◽  
First Year Of Life

BODY WATER COMPARTMENTS IN CHILDREN: CHANGES DURING GROWTH AND RELATED CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
B. Friis-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Year ◽  
Extracellular Water ◽  
Water Compartments ◽  
Total Body ◽  
First Year Of Life

During growth of infants and children, certain characteristic changes are found. A rapid decrease of the relative volumes of total body water and of extracellular water occurs during the first year of life, followed by a smaller decrease of volume of extracellular water later in childhood. At the same time an increased heterogeneity of the extracellular water takes place. On the other hand, the volume of intracellular water increases a little during the first months of life and remains more or less constant from then on. Formulas and nomograms from which these body water compartments can be predicted are presented. Finally, data on the corresponding changes in the total body water and in body specific gravity are discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of infant feeding patterns over the first year of life on growth from birth to 5 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Betoko ◽  
S. Lioret ◽  
B. Heude ◽  
R. Hankard ◽  
S. Carles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
First Year ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
First Year Of Life

The Pima Infant Feeding Study: Breast feeding and Respiratory Infections during the First Year of Life

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R FORMAN ◽  
B I GRAUBARD ◽  
H J HOFFMAN ◽  
R BEREIM ◽  
E E HARLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
First Year ◽  
Feeding Study ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy and risk of wheeze and eczema in the first year of life: INMA (Spain) and RHEA (Greece) mother–child cohort studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2058-2068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leda Chatzi ◽  
Raquel Garcia ◽  
Theano Roumeliotaki ◽  
Mikel Basterrechea ◽  
Haizea Begiristain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
First Year ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

Maternal diet during pregnancy might influence the development of childhood allergic disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence during pregnancy on wheeze and eczema in the first year of life in two population-based mother–child cohorts in Spain and Greece. We studied 1771 mother–newborn pairs from the Spanish multi-centre ‘INMA’ (INfancia y Medio Ambiente) study (Gipuzkoa, Sabadell and Valencia) and 745 pairs from the ‘RHEA’ study in Crete, Greece. The symptoms of wheeze and eczema were based on the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed by FFQ and MD adherence was evaluated through an a priori score. Multivariate log-binomial regression models were used to adjust for several confounders in each cohort and summary estimates were obtained by a meta-analysis. MD adherence was not associated with the risk of wheeze and eczema in any cohort, and similar results were identified in the meta-analysis approach. High meat intake (relative risk (RR) 1·22, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·49) and ‘processed’ meat intake (RR 1·18, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·37) during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of wheeze in the first year of life, while a high intake of dairy products was significantly associated with a decreased risk of infantile wheeze (RR 0·83, 95 % CI 0·72, 0·96). The results of the present study show that high meat intake during pregnancy may increase the risk of wheeze in the first year of life, while a high intake of dairy products may decrease it.

scholarly journals Human Milk Adiponectin and Leptin and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya Gridneva ◽  
Sambavi Kugananthan ◽  
Alethea Rea ◽  
Ching Lai ◽  
Leigh Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
First Year ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
First Year Of Life

Human milk (HM) adipokines may influence infant feeding patterns, appetite regulation, and body composition (BC). The associations between concentrations/calculated daily intakes (CDI) of HM adipokines in the first 12 months postpartum and maternal/term infant BC, and infant breastfeeding parameters were investigated. BC of breastfeeding dyads (n = 20) was measured at 2, 5, 9, and/or 12 months postpartum with ultrasound skinfolds (infants) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (infants/mothers). 24-h milk intake and feeding frequency were measured along with whole milk adiponectin and skim and whole milk leptin (SML and WML) and CDI were calculated. Statistical analysis used linear regression/mixed effects models; results were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Adipokine concentrations did not associate with infant BC. Higher CDI of adiponectin were associated with lower infant fat-free mass (FFM; p = 0.005) and FFM index (FFMI; p = 0.009) and higher fat mass (FM; p < 0.001), FM index (FMI; p < 0.001), and %FM (p < 0.001). Higher CDI of SML were associated with higher infant FM (p < 0.001), FMI (p < 0.001), and %FM (p = 0.002). At 12 months, higher CDI of WML were associated with larger increases in infant adiposity (2–12 month: FM, p = 0.0006; %FM, p = 0.0004); higher CDI of SML were associated with a larger decrease in FFMI (5–12 months: p = 0.0004). Intakes of HM adipokines differentially influence development of infant BC in the first year of life, which is a critical window of infant programming and may potentially influence risk of later disease via modulation of BC.

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