scholarly journals Autonomic Status Epilepticus in a Patient with Parasellar Meningioma: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 807-812
Author(s):  
Giacomo Evangelista ◽  
Fedele Dono ◽  
Stefano Consoli ◽  
Dario Calisi ◽  
Marco Onofrj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Panayiotopoulos Syndrome ◽  
Visual Abnormalities

Autonomic status epilepticus (Aut SE) is a condition characterized by ongoing focal autonomic seizure lasting for >30 min. Aut SE can show a variety of clinical manifestations including vomiting, nausea, changes in heart rate, piloerection, pupillary abnormalities, and visual abnormalities. Although Aut SE is a common finding in childhood in the context of Panayiotopoulos syndrome, few reports have described this condition during adulthood. In the present report, we describe a case of Aut SE in an adult patient with parasellar meningioma and bilateral frontotemporal epileptiform activity on EEG record.

scholarly journals Epileptic Encephalopathies with Status Epilepticus during Sleep: New Techniques for Understanding Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Options

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Brazzo ◽  
Maria Carmela Pera ◽  
Marco Fasce ◽  
Grazia Papalia ◽  
Umberto Balottin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Epileptic Encephalopathy ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Paroxysmal Activity ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities

Encephalopathy with status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) is an epileptic encephalopathy, as defined by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Task Force on Classification and Terminology, that is, a condition in which the epileptic processes themselves are believed to contribute to the disturbance in cerebral function. Clinical manifestations of ESES are heterogeneous: apart from different seizure types, they consist in combinations of cognitive, motor, and behavioural disturbances associated with a peculiar electroencephalographic pattern of paroxysmal activity significantly activated during slow sleep, which culminates in a picture of continuous spikes and waves during sleep (CSWS). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this condition are still incompletely understood. Establishing a clear-cut correlation between EEG abnormalities and clinical data, though interesting, is very complex. Computer-assisted EEG analyses especially if combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) and metabolic neuroimaging have recently emerged as useful approaches to better understand the pathophysiological processes underlying ESES. Treatment of ESES is not just limited to seizures control but it should be focused on controlling neuropsychological outcome through an improvement of the continuous epileptiform activity. General agreement on treatment guidelines is still lacking. Implementation of new techniques might allow a better understanding of the pathophysiology of ESES and could enhance therapeutics options.

scholarly journals Successful treatment of drug-resistant status epilepticus in an adult patient with Mowat-Wilson syndrome: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 100410
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Nosaki ◽  
Ken Ohyama ◽  
Maki Watanabe ◽  
Takamasa Yokoi ◽  
Yosuke Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presenting as Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksei Rakitin ◽  
Riina Vibo ◽  
Vaiko Veikat ◽  
Anne Õunapuu ◽  
Aive Liigant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Epileptic Activity ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Jakob Disease

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare, rapidly progressive spongiform encephalopathy in humans. EEG plays an important role in diagnosing this disease. In some patients, epileptic activity and encephalopathy from various aetiologies may share morphological features on EEG. This similarity could create difficulties in EEG interpretation, especially if the patient presents with disturbed consciousness. In this case report, a 74-year-old female with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presented initially with rapidly progressive impairment of consciousness and focal epileptiform activity on EEG. An EEG performed 25 days later showed periodic sharp-wave complexes with triphasic morphology at a rate of 0.5 Hz, compatible with a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Based on these results, we recommend that a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease be considered in patients presenting with a rapid deterioration of consciousness and a clinical presentation of nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Monitoring these patients with serial EEGs could be useful to establish an accurate diagnosis.

scholarly journals Early Onset Benign Occipital Epilepsy (Panayiotopoulos syndrome): a case Report & Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Md Enayet Hussain ◽  
Rajib Nayan Chowdhury ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
AFM Al Masum Khan ◽  
Md Ferdous Miah
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Epilepsy ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Occipital Spikes ◽  
Panayiotopoulos Syndrome

Panayiotopoulos syndrome is a type of benign childhood epilepsy syndrome characterized by episodic autonomic and mainly emetic symptoms. It predominantly affects children of 3-6 years of age (13% of those with one or more non-febrile seizures). EEG shows great variability, with occipital, extra-occipital spikes or brief generalised discharges alone or in combination; it may also be consistently normal. Despite the high prevalence of autonomic status epilepticus, the prognosis of Panayiotopoulos syndrome is usually excellent and most do not require anti epileptic medications. Remission usually occurs within 1-2 years from onset. One third have a single seizure but 5-10% may have more than 10 seizures or a more prolonged course. We present a 5 year old boy with this condition, who presented with episodes of severe vomiting, deviation of eyes, focal seizure, altered sensorium, characteristic EEG in the form of multiple occipital spikes and normal neuroimaging studies.J. Natl Inst. Neurosci Bangladesh 2015;1(1):27-30

Difficulties in the treatment of septic shock in a patient with status epilepticus – a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Urszula Zielińska-Borkowska ◽  
Aneta Słabuszewska-Joźwiak
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Status Epilepticus

Case report: a child with cystic fibrosis and phenylketonuria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Irina V. Vakhlova ◽  
Anastasia D. Kazachina ◽  
Olga A. Beglyanina
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Congenital Diseases

Background. In the international clinical practice there have been occasional reports of phenylketonuria (PKU) and cystic fibrosis (CF) found simultaneously in the same patient. Both PKU and CF are the inherited disorders characterized by autosomal recessive type of inheritance. Currently the combination of two or more inherited disorders in one patient is considered to be a clinical rarity.Case description. This is a clinical case of two genetic disorders, CF and PKU, combined in a 5-year old patient who had been followed up since birth. Owing to implementation of neonatal screening for inherited and congenital diseases into clinical practice, during the first month of life the infant was diagnosed with CF (diagnostically significant elevation of immunoreactive trypsin [IRT] at the initial [163.2 ng/mL] and repeat testing on day 21 of life [138.7 ng/mL]) and PKU (phenylalanine [PA] level 15.9 mg/dL). Both disorders have been confirmed by genetic tests, i.e., homozygous DelF508 mutation was found in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, and P281L mutation in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene was also present in homozygous state. Child’s parents strictly adhered to dietary and treatment recommendations. By the age of 5 years the child developed symptoms of neurological disorder and disorder of the respiratory system, cognitive impairment and delay in speech development, subclinical epileptiform activity with high risk of epilepsy, and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract.Conclusion. This case report demonstrates the important role of neonatal screening in early diagnosis and timely start of therapy, and underscores the importance of continuous medication in such genetic disorders as CF and PKU. On the whole, such approach brings about a relative preservation of functioning of the most affected organs and systems. By the age of 5 years the child does not form bronchiectases, shows no signs of chronic hypoxia, nutritional deficiency or pronounced neurologic deficit, and is at low risk for the development of autism spectrum disorder. At the same time, the larger scale and longer-term observations are required in order to make the unequivocal conclusions about the prognosis of these diseases under conditions of modern-day medical follow-up.

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