scholarly journals Geographical Distribution of Emergency Services Times in Traffic Accidents in Extremadura

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
José Antonio Morales-Gabardino ◽  
Laura Redondo-Lobato ◽  
João Meireles Ribeiro ◽  
Francisco Buitrago
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Accident Scene

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To analyze the response time and transport time taken by the emergency medical services (EMS), considering their urban or rural location, to attend traffic accident casualties that occurred in the different geographical areas of Extremadura (Spain) from 2012 to 2015. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a cross-sectional study of the data recorded by the Emergency Response Coordination Center 112 (ERCC-112) from traffic accidents attended by EMS. Response time was defined as the time elapsed from the request-for-care receipt until arrival of the EMS at the accident scene, and transport time as that from leaving the scene until arrival to the referral hospital. Rural EMS were those based in locations where there is no hospital, and urban EMS those located in towns or cities with a hospital. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the 4-year period studied, 5,572 traffic accidents requested assistance through the ERCC-112. From the 2,875 accidents (51.9%) in which EMS were mobilized, 55.4% occurred in urban roads and the remaining in interurban ones. A total of 113 people (mean age 48.4 ± 19.0 years, range 15–84 years) died at the accident scene or before arrival to the hospital, 88.5% of them in interurban accidents. The average response time of urban and rural EMS was 10.7 ± 7.3 and 18.0 ± 12.6 min (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), respectively, and the average transport time was 13.2 ± 11.7 and 45.2 ± 25.0 min (<i>p</i> = 0.009). Response time was longer than the 30-min optimum only in the most peripheral areas of Extremadura, while transport time exceeded the optimum of 90 min in the eastern regions of two health areas (Cáceres and Don Benito-Villanueva). 19.1% of the victims attended by rural EMS were classified as having a serious prognosis or as having died, as compared with 11.2% (<i>p</i> = 0.048) of those attended by urban EMS. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The geographical location of EMS in Extremadura (Spain) guarantees adequate response times in traffic accidents, both in rural and urban areas. However, recommended transport times were occasionally exceeded in the most peripheral areas, due to hospital location.

scholarly journals Response Times of Motorcycle Ambulances during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 526-529
Author(s):  
Korakot Apiratwarakul ◽  
Kamonwon Ienghong ◽  
Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi ◽  
Dhanu Gaysonsiri ◽  
Somsak Tiamkao
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Average Response Time ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
System Data ◽  
Information Database

BACKGROUND: Motorcycles (motorlance) are often deployed as ambulances to the scene of an emergency to reduce response time. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected emergency medical services (EMS) in Thailand in many respects, and this study was conducted to examine its effect on motorlance operation time. AIM: The aim of the study was to examine motorlance operation time during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to normal periods. METHODS: This cross-sectional study examined all EMS motorlance operations dispatched from Srinagarind Hospital (Thailand). Data were collected from the Srinagarind Hospital EMS operation database and hospital information database system. Data from June 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019 (normal period) were compared with those from January 13 to April 21, 2020 (COVID-19). RESULTS: Eight hundred seventy-one EMS operations were examined over two periods. Mean patient age during the COVID-19 pandemic was 41.5 ± 6.2 years, and 54.6% (n = 59) were male. Average response time was 6.20 ± 1.35 min during the normal period and 3.48 ± 1.01 min during the pandemic (p = 0.021). Transport time was also significantly shorter during the latter period (2.35 vs. 5.20 min). CONCLUSIONS: Motorlance response and transport time during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly shorter than usual.

scholarly journals Time Indices of Prehospital Emergency Services in Ardabil City, Iran, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Hossein Asadi ◽  
◽  
Aghil Habibi Soola ◽  
Farhad Gheybati ◽  
Mahnaz Davari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Time Response ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prehospital Emergency

Background: The role and function of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in people’s health and the need for continuous evaluation of its function, especially delivering services to the patients, are essential. So, the present study was conducted to determine the time indices of prehospital emergency services in Ardabil City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Out of all calls recorded in EMS centers of Ardabil in the first 6 months of 2020, 327 calls, which resulted in the patient’s transfer to a hospital, were randomly selected. Then, the required data, including time indices and demographic information, were extracted from EMS forms filled by a medical emergency technician for each mission. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics, including 1-way analysis of variance and the Chi-square test in SPSS v. 22. Results: In terms of time indices, the average delay time (1.01 minutes), the response time (7.87 minutes), on-scene time (13.81 minutes), transport time (12.53 minutes), the total run time (transport time, response time, and on-scene time) (35.15 minutes), and the round trip time (52.50) had been recorded. According to the Chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between the total run time (transport time, response time, and on-scene time), transport time, round trip time, and the location of the emergency base. Conclusion: EMS time indices were at the desired level. Updating information systems, ambulances, medical equipment, and holding training courses for personnel working in this system can effectively improve time indicators.

scholarly journals The Initial Assessment of Nurse Knowledge to Response Time in Traffic Accident Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Nandang DD Khairari
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nurse Knowledge ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

The occurrence of patients with traffic accidents is increased so much that the nurses need to enhance the knowledge of the response time services in the service of traffic accident cases. This research is to define the relationship between the nurses’ knowledge level to the initial assessment of the nurses’ response time in the service of traffic accident cases in the emergency departments. The study was conducted in the emergency room of Dr R. Soedjono Selong Hospital. The study was quantitative with cross-sectional planning. Total sampling was used and obtained 25 respondents. The results showed that nurses' knowledge level is 80% categorized as well, 16% categorized as moderate and 4% categorized as low. For nurse response time, 96% categorized as fast and 4% categorized as slow. The statistical test was used the chi-square test with SPSS. The P-value is 0,000, which implies there is a relationship between nurse knowledge level to the initial assessment of the nurses’ response time in the service of traffic accident cases.

scholarly journals Does the Use of Lights and Sirens on Ambulances Affect Pre-hospital Time?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Korakot Apiratwarakul ◽  
Kamonwon Lenghong ◽  
Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi ◽  
Dhanu Gaysonsiri ◽  
Somsak Tiamkao
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Database System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Average Response ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Information Database

BACKGROUND: The use of lights and sirens (L&S) alerts other drivers of the presence of an ambulance and that they are required yield, increasing the speed and safety of emergency medical services (EMS) operations. However, there have been no studies examining the effect of L&S on pre-hospital time conducted in Thai EMS agencies. AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the operation times of ambulances with and without the use of L&S. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of patients over 18 years of age assessed and treated through the Srinagarind Hospital EMS between April 2019 and March 2020. Data were collected from the Srinagarind Hospital EMS operation database and hospital information database system. RESULTS: A total of 1764 patients were enrolled, 1426 (80.8%) of whom were transported in an ambulance that used L&S. The mean age of patients in the L&S group was 45.2 ± 6.2 years and 742 (52.0%) were male. The average response times in the L&S and non-L&S groups were 10.2 min and 18.2 min, respectively (p < 0.001). Average L&S transport time was 11.1 min and non-L&S transport time was 17.1 min (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The use L&S reduced the response and transport times of EMS operations but not affect on-scene time.

scholarly journals Children commute to schools in Bangalore urban and rural districts: travel pattern, behaviour and perceptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Manjunatha . ◽  
Pallavi Sarji Uthkarsh ◽  
Gangaboraiah .
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Travel Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Regular School

Background: Children form vulnerable road users during their regular school commute. School children safety is not taken into consideration before construction of road network. The total number of persons injured in India during 2015 near schools or colleges or educational institutions due to road traffic accidents are 13,270 in urban areas according to National Crime Records Bureau which is quite alarming. Current study is the first attempt in both rural and urban Karnataka towards understanding travel pattern, behaviour and perceptions among school children during commute to schools. The objectives of the present study were to assess travel pattern, behaviour and perception of school children in Bangalore urban and rural districts and to assess factors associated with travel pattern.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using a representative sample of schools selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire which was analysed using SPSS version 20.Results: Nearly 86% of school children travelled less than 5 kms to reach their schools. Nearly 39% of school children travelled alone to school. Most common mode of travel to school was by walk. Nearly 27.4% did not cross the main roads safely. Adherence to road safety behaviour was insufficient. Vehicular traffic was perceived as a major apprehension by children during school commute.Conclusions: Commute of children to schools in both urban and rural part of Bangalore was unsafe with least adherence to safety measures, which might increase their vulnerability to road traffic injuries.

scholarly journals Factors that influence the response time in STEMI patients in Lisbon 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gil ◽  
M Garcia ◽  
P Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Reperfusion Therapy ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Interhospital Transport ◽  
Door To Balloon

Abstract The success of the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) approach is based on early diagnosis and on the institution of timely reperfusion therapy, with response times remaining variable. The objective of this study was to determine which factors influenced the response time to patients with STEMI until the treatment with coronary reperfusion from the prehospital service or the emergency room in three hospitals in the greater Lisbon area in 2017. An epidemiological, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study with an analytical component was performed, with data from the National Institute of Medical Emergency (INEM) and clinical trials of patients. Patients who were not referred to these hospitals were excluded. Univariate statistical analysis was performed, as well as c2 tests, t-student and logistic regression model (r &lt; 0.05). The population included 95 patients, the majority being male (67.4%), and with a mean age of 63.8 years. 61.1% were hypertensive and the majority (87.4%) had no signs of previous heart failure. The mean door-to-balloon time was 159 minutes, with 57.4% showing time greater than 120 minutes. In patients in whom the INEM Coronary Greenway was activated, mean door-to-balloon time was 99 minutes. Diagnostic, symptom-admission and transport times showed a statistically significant association with the door-to-balloon time in the bivariate analysis. The times are fulfilled in the prehospital service, but in the hospital, services can be improved through the early accomplishment of electrocardiogram and the optimization of interhospital transport. Key messages Reducing ECG time and inter-hospital transport time improves STEMI response and outcome. Time is muscle is the main message for de concern of identifying influence factors of STEMI response time.

Characteristics of Law Enforcement Response to Wrong-Way Driving Events in Florida

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 514-524
Author(s):  
Md Imrul Kayes ◽  
Haitham Al-Deek ◽  
Adrian Sandt ◽  
Grady Carrick ◽  
Corin Staves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Toll Roads ◽  
Lower Response ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Local Roads

Wrong-way driving (WWD) can result in severe crashes. By responding quickly to WWD dispatch calls, law enforcement officers (LEOs) could stop the wrong-way vehicle before a crash occurs. This paper analyzed law enforcement (LE) response times to WWD dispatch calls in Florida between January 2003 and April 2018 to determine significant effects. The average LE response time was much lower for 2013 onward than before 2013. Average response time was lower during nighttime and in urban areas and was higher for county roads and toll roads. Two ordinal logit models were also developed. These models found that dispatch calls closer to regional traffic management centers or rest areas, in urban areas, or on state roads or local roads typically had lower response times than calls not in these locations. In addition, WWD dispatch calls on toll roads had lower response times than calls on non-toll limited access facilities. Intelligent transportation system (ITS) WWD countermeasures with flashing signs, detection devices, cameras, and direct communication with traffic management centers also help LEOs respond quickly to detected WWD events and more accurately identify the vehicle’s location. As of June 2018, these technologies located at 70 toll road exit ramps in Florida have prompted 307 wrong-way drivers to turn around, possibly preventing nine crashes and saving LEOs over 116 h. The results of this research can help identify locations where increasing LEO presence or installing ITS WWD countermeasure technologies could help reduce WWD response time and WWD crashes, potentially saving lives.

scholarly journals The Status of First Aid and Its Associations with Health Outcomes among Patients with Traffic Accidents in Urban Areas of Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4600
Author(s):  
Hue Thi Mai ◽  
Hai Minh Vu ◽  
Tam Thi Ngo ◽  
Giang Thu Vu ◽  
Huong Lan Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chi Square Test

While it is well-evident that proper first aid would significantly promote survival and later treatment outcomes, little attention has been paid to improving its capacity in Vietnam. Thus, we conducted this study to assess the status of first aid and its associations with health outcomes among patients in traffic accidents in urban areas of Vietnam. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 413 patients in traffic accidents from October to December 2018 at six hospitals in Thai Binh province. Socio-demographics, first aid characteristics, and health outcomes were collected via face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. We used a chi-square test to determine the differences in health outcomes among those who received first aid and those without. In addition, a multivariable regression was performed to determine the factors associated with first aid. The results indicated that less than half of the patients received first aid (48.1%), and only one fourth received first aid within 10 min after an accident. The proportions of having problems with mobility, self-care, usual activities, and pain/discomfort were significantly lower among those who received first aid compared to those without it. The regression model showed that those with multiple injuries were less likely to receive first aid.

Abstract TP256: Ems Run Times by Weekday vs. Weekend For Stroke Patients in San Diego County

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Kenner-Brininger ◽  
Lindsay Olson-Mack ◽  
Lorraine Calzone ◽  
Kristi L Koenig ◽  
Thomas M Hemmen
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Response Times ◽  
San Diego County ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Hospital Arrival ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Initial Responder

Background: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is important as the initial responder, very little data examines EMS response and transport to hospital diagnosis. Understanding differences between weekday and weekend is informative for resource and staff planning. Using a countywide registry, we evaluated differences in EMS response times on weekdays and weekends and in-hospital treatment. Methods: We included EMS San Diego County Stroke Registry cases with a computer automated dispatch (CAD) and base hospital record (BHR) from July 2017 through December 2018; linked on EMS incident number. We analyzed EMS response, scene and transport time by weekday and weekend for all cases and cases with last known normal (LKN) to EMS enroute time < 6 hours. Hospital arrival to tPA and to embolectomy therapy (EVT) time was analyzed for this subgroup. Weekend was defined as Friday 1800 through Monday 0600. Results: Of 2,376 cases, 726 (30.6%) arrived during weekends. Weekend mean (±SD) response time was 6.7 (±3.4) minutes (min); 7.1 min (±3.9) on weekdays. Mean weekend scene time was 12.8 (±5.1) min, 13.2 (±5.3) min on weekdays (p=.18). Transport time was 13.2 (±7.6) min on weekends, 14.1 (±7.8) min on weekdays (p=.01). There were 1,190 cases with LKN to EMS enroute time < 6 hours, 379 arrived on weekends (31.8%). Mean (±SD) response time was 6.6 (±3.4) min on weekends, 7.2 (±3.9) min on weekdays; weekend scene time 12.1 (±4.5) min, weekday scene time 12.2 (±4.9); weekend transport time 12.2 (±6.6) min, weekday transport time 12.7 (±7.4) min. Of this group, 378 received tPA, 126 (33.3%) on the weekend. Mean (±SD) weekend arrival to tPA was 53.6 (±22.2) min; 56.0 (±32.1) min on weekdays (p=.39). 100 cases received EVT, 39 on a weekend. Mean (±SD) weekend arrival to EVT was 2.1 (±0.6) hours; weekdays 1.9 (±0.8) hours (p=.13). Conclusion: One in three patients arrived at the hospital on weekends. EMS response time and scene time did not differ, while transport time on the weekend was shorter, although this may not be clinically significant. This may be attributed to traffic volume and patterns during these times. However, among patients with shorter LKN time and patients receiving tPA no difference in EMS times was seen. Overall acute stroke transfer times did not differ across weekends and weekdays.

scholarly journals Study the frequency of bronchial anthracosis and its influencing factors in patients undergoing bronchoscopy in Ardabil city hospital, 2013-2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3843
Author(s):  
Saeid Hoseininia ◽  
Susan Mohammadi- Kebar ◽  
Keysan Ghadam- Kheir
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Study Data ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Bronchial anthracosis is defined as appearance of multiple dark anthracotic pigmentations on large airway mucosa with or without airway narrowing or obliteration. This study aims to investigate the frequency of bronchial anthracosis and its influencing factors in patients undergoing bronchoscopy.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data was obtained from reviewing the files of 900 patients who underwent bronchoscopy in Ardabil city Hospital. Those with dark pigmentation on their airways mucosa were considered as having bronchial anthracosis. During bronchoscopy, samples were collected from the airways in the form of bronchoalveolar lavage and then the smear and culture of these samples were examined for acid fast bacilli. Type of fuel used for cooking in the kitchen and for heating in their house, history of smoking, the patient’s geographical location and occupation were recorded by a checklist and then evaluated.Results: Of 900 cases, 42 (4.6%) had bronchial anthracosis, out of which 23 (55%) were male and most were in urban areas. Majority of patients were in the age range of 60 to 70 years. Of 11 farmers with anthracosis, 7(6.63%) patients used fossil fuels for heating. Among the anthracosis patients, 11 (21.2%) subjects had Tuberculosis. There was a significant difference between age, habitant of patients, pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchial anthracosis.Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between age of patients, pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchial anthracosis, therefore, performing necessary tests and follow-ups for pulmonary tuberculosis is necessary in cases that undergo bronchoscopy for any reason and those with bronchial anthracosis.

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