scholarly journals Cytogenetic Analysis of the Products of Conception After Spontaneous Abortion in the First Trimester

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xueluo Zhang ◽  
Junmei Fan ◽  
Yanhua Chen ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Zhijiao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Transfer Group

In the present study, we retrospectively recruited 340 patients who underwent spontaneous abortions to investigate chromosomal abnormalities of the conception products in the first trimester. We also performed a relevant analysis of clinical factors. Of these patients, 165 had conception products with chromosomal abnormalities, including 135 aneuploidies, 11 triploidies, 10 complex abnormalities, and 9 segmental aneuploidies. The most common abnormal chromosomes were chromosome 16 in the embryo-transfer group and sex chromosomes in the natural-conception group. The most common abnormal chromosomes in all analyzed maternal age groups were sex chromosomes, 16, and 22. The chromosomal abnormality incidence was related to age and number of spontaneous abortions (both <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05), but not to number of pregnancies, deliveries, induced abortions, or methods of conception (all <i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05). The rates of abnormality for chromosomes 12, 15, 20, and 22 increased with age, while the rates for chromosomes 6, 7, 13, and X decreased. In all age groups, aneuploidy was by far the most common abnormality; however, the low-incidence distributions of chromosomal abnormalities were entirely different. Overall, chromosomal aneuploidy was the primary cause of pregnancy loss in the first trimester, and low-frequency abnormalities differed across age subgroups. Chromosomal aberrations were found to be related to maternal age and spontaneous abortion, but not all chromosomal abnormalities increased with age.

scholarly journals A Cytogenetic Study of Chromosomal Abnormalities in first trimester abortions in different maternal age groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Shahin Kazi ◽  
Harsha A. Keche ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Chromosomal Disorders ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Abstract Background : Approximately 15% of all clinically recognized pregnancies end in spontaneous abortions. Chromosomal disorders are responsible for 50% of the spontaneous abortions. Most commonly it occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy. Aim : To study the cytogenetic analysis of chorion villous tissue in 50 cases of abortion in age groups of 19-40 years. Material and Methods : Cytogenetic analysis was performed by implementing standard protocol of planting, harvesting, banding and screening. The karyotypes were prepared and observed under microscope. Statistical analysis was done by calculating the percentage of abnormal abortions in relation to maternal age. Results : It was observed that maximum abortion took place between 25-34 years of maternal age. The rate of abortion with trisomy was maximum followed by polyploidy and monosomy. It was seen that rate of abortion with monosomy decreases with increase in maternal age. Contrary to this trisomy increased with increase in maternal age. Conclusion : Cytogenetic study revealed that the rate of trisomie abortions increased with the increase in maternal age.

scholarly journals Predictive value of aberrant right subclavian artery for fetal chromosome aneuploidy in women of advanced maternal age

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Chen ◽  
Yong-Feng Lai ◽  
Xiao-Hong Zhong ◽  
Jian-Hong You ◽  
Jiang-Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Abstract Background In the entire population, an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is closely associated with chromosomal abnormalities. ARSA with additional ultrasonic findings would increase risk of chromosomal abnormalities. The risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities increased exponentially with the maternal age. These risks in the advanced maternal age (AMA) group are uncertain. This study aimed to determine the incidence of ARSA in Chinese AMA and non-AMA women and the frequency of aneuploidy among AMA and non-AMA women with ARSA. Methods This retrospective study included 13,690 singleton pregnancies, were divided into AMA and non-AMA groups. Integrated obstetric ultrasonic screening, biochemical screening, noninvasive prenatal screening, and fetal karyotype analysis were analyzed. Results The overall incidence of ARSA was 0.69%, with no difference between age groups. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in the AMA group (37 / 2860) was much higher than that of the non-AMA group. The risk of chromosomal abnormalities significantly increased with both ARSA detected and additional ultrasound findings. With combined ARSA and AMA, the likelihood of the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities increased. Chimerism (45X / 46XX) was found with isolated ARSA in AMA pregnancies. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses of AMA women. ARSA increases the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in both age groups, especially combined with ARSA. When ARSA occurs in AMA women, it confers a high likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities.

First Trimester Hemoglobin A1 and Risk for Major Malformation and Spontaneous Abortion

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Rachel Blake ◽  
Chloe Zera
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Major Malformation ◽  
Fetal Malformations ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hemoglobin A1 ◽  
Location Study

This chapter summarizes a landmark study on the association of first trimester hemoglobin A1 values with risk for spontaneous abortions and major fetal malformations during pregnancy in women with pregestational diabetes. Is there a correlation between glycemic control during the first trimester and risk for spontaneous abortion and major malformations? Starting with this question, it describes the basics of the study, including study location, study population, amount of patients, study design, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

Very high CA 125 levels during early first trimester in three cases of spontaneous abortion with chromosomal abnormalities

1990 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome H. Check ◽  
Kosrow Nowroozi ◽  
Milind Vaze ◽  
Ronald Wapner ◽  
Linda Seefried
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Very High

Spontaneous Abortion and Birth Order

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. James
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Birth Rank ◽  
Individual Woman ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Reproductive Compensation

SummaryIt is well established that, in general, pregnancies at advanced maternal ages or of advanced birth order are at greater risk of aborting spontaneously. It does not follow that each individual woman, as she proceeds through her reproductive life, becomes steadily more prone to abort. The present paper attempts to analyse evidence on how individual women's abortion probabilities vary during their reproductive lives. Statistical examination of the data suggests that:1. A spontaneous abortion in a given birth rank is more likely than a live birth in the same rank to be followed by a further pregnancy. Abortion-prone women have more pregnancies than other women.2. There is no significant overall tendency for spontaneous abortions to appear early or late in sibships even when account is taken of the reproductive compensation reported above.3. Pathological examination of spontaneously aborted fetuses suggests that more (perhaps many more) than 10% of spontaneous abortions (e.g. those associated with trisomy and maternal isoimmunization) are causally associated with advanced maternal age or birth order.4. The mean maternal age of spontaneously aborted fetuses which fail to grow in culture is higher than that of fetuses which are successfully cultured.One would infer:A. (from suggestions 1 and 2 above) that reproductive compensation (rather than a real birth order effect) is a major reason why abortion rates are higher at higher maternal ages and higher birth ranks;B. (from suggestions 2 and 3 above) that there must be another group of abortions, roughly equal in number, which are causally associated with low maternal age or early birth order.Little is known about this second group of reproductive casualties (those associated with low birth order or maternal age), but it is suggested that some have CNS malformations. I have made similar suggestions in regard to stillbirth and neonatal death.

scholarly journals Chromosomal abnormalities in recurrent spontaneous abortions: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inusha Panigrahi ◽  
Mohd. Shariq ◽  
Ravi Thakur ◽  
Subhas Saha ◽  
Gurjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Rearrangement ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Complex Chromosomal Rearrangement

Purpose: Evaluation of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) can be challenging for a Obstetrician. In case of early first trimester abortions, chromosomal abnormalities can be identified as an important cause. We analysed the RSA cases followed up and diagnosed in the Genetic Clinic or Genetic Lab of 2 hospitals in the region. Methods: Those couples with 3 or more spontaneous abortions were included in the analysis. Karyotyping was one using standard protocol with G-banding and reporting as per ISCN guidelines. Results: Of 97 RSA couples, 20 showed chromosomal abnormalities, and 15 of these had balanced chromosomal rearrangements. The age ranged from 22 years to 37 years, and the median number of abortions was 4. Complex chromosomal rearrangement was seen in 2 couples, in one partner. The spectrum of chromosomal anomalies in couples with RSA is discussed here. Conclusions: Frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in RSA was higher in present study compared to previous studies. Reciprocal translocations were commonest abnormality.

scholarly journals Frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism and mean serum TSH level in first trimester of pregnancy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1763-1767
Author(s):  
Fouzia Perveen ◽  
Lubna Ali ◽  
Afshan Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Level Data ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Tsh

Objective: To find out the frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in our pregnant population during 1st Trimester and the mean TSH level in first trimester of pregnancy. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Dow University Hospital and Dr Ruth KM Pfau CHK. Period: June 2015 to May 2016. Material & Methods: All Pregnant women with <14 weeks gestation were screened for Serum TSH level. Data were recorded after informed consent and institutional ethical approval. Variables recorded were age, parity, gestational age and serum TSH level. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 16. Mean and SD were calculated for quantitative variables ie. Age, parity, gestational age, serum TSH level and serum free T4 level. Mean TSH level according to age group, parity and gestational age groups were determined by applying ANOVA test. Correlation of Serum TSH level with the maternal age, parity and gestational age groups were also assessed by Pearson Correlation test. Significant P-value was taken as <0.05. Results: The frequency of SCH found was 19.35% by taking cut off limit of <2.5 IU/L and 3.55% by taking cut off limit of <4.5 IU/L among total of 310 pregnant women. Mean TSH level was 1.84±1.36 IU/L. The mean maternal age was 27.22 ± 4.43 yrs. while median parity was 1. Mean gestational age of these patients were 9.41 ± 2.748 weeks and out of these 160 (51.61%) were between 4-9 weeks and 150(48.38%) between 10-14 weeks. Majority (74%) of these women belonged to lower middle socioeconomic class. Mean TSH level coorelation between different age groups, parity groups and gestational age groups were found to be insignificant. Conclusion: The prevalence of SCH is not so high and mean TSH level in our population was 1.84 IU/L. But to establish reference range for Pakistani population, further studies in population of different backgrounds and geographical distribution needs to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients Treated with Bosutinib

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1729-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge E. Cortes ◽  
Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini ◽  
Michael W. Deininger ◽  
Elisabetta Abruzzese ◽  
Liza DeAnnuntis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Safety Database ◽  
Spontaneous Reports ◽  
Dilation And Curettage ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Induced Abortions

Abstract Introduction: Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity with bosutinib exposure, with teratogenic events in maternal exposure, but little is known about its effect during conception or pregnancy in humans. Methods: Here we describe pregnancy outcomes in bosutinib-treated patients from the Pfizer safety database, which includes cases from both clinical trials and spontaneous reports. Pregnancy cases reported up to February 28, 2018 were identified by searching the database using the Standardized MedDRA Query Pregnancy and Neonatal Topics in patients receiving bosutinib. Results: The database search identified 33 relevant pregnancy reports, including 17 cases of exposure via the father and 16 cases of maternal exposure. Among the 16 cases of maternal exposure, 5 vaginal deliveries of healthy babies, 2 patient-requested induced abortions, 1 spontaneous abortion, and 1 partial molar pregnancy requiring a dilation and curettage were reported. In 1 case, the patient was reported to have delivered a baby, but the details of the status of the baby was not provided. Outcomes in 6 cases are unknown. Of the healthy deliveries, 4 pregnancies went to full term (≥39 weeks) and 1 was of unknown duration; bosutinib was discontinued during the first trimester of pregnancy in all 5 cases. The reported spontaneous abortion was due to a suspected ectopic pregnancy in a 34-year-old patient who began taking bosutinib 500 mg once daily while pregnant and was thought to be unrelated to bosutinib exposure. Of the 17 cases of exposure via father, 8 vaginal deliveries of healthy babies, 1 Caesarean section delivery of a healthy baby, 4 induced abortions, and 1 spontaneous abortion were reported. The remaining 3 cases had unknown outcomes. Of the 4 induced abortions, 1 was elective due to an unintended pregnancy, and 2 were due to unknown reasons. In the last case, it was reported that the fetus was not growing properly and that the pregnancy would subsequently be terminated; no confirmation of congenital abnormality or further information is available. The reported spontaneous abortion was thought to be unrelated to bosutinib; fetal biopsy revealed basal deciduitis with necrosis loci and bleeding. Conclusions: Overall, a review of the available experience with bosutinib in pregnancy did not identify any safety signals. However, adverse effects of bosutinib exposure at conception or during pregnancy in humans cannot be ruled out, particularly if therapy is not interrupted upon recognition of pregnancy. Bosutinib is not recommended for use during pregnancy, and patients on bosutinib treatment should use effective contraception. Disclosures Cortes: Astellas Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Arog: Research Funding. Gambacorti-Passerini:BMS: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Deininger:Pfizer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Blueprint: Consultancy. Abruzzese:Novartis: Consultancy; Ariad: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy. DeAnnuntis:Pfizer Inc: Employment, Equity Ownership. Brümmendorf:Janssen: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy.

scholarly journals Predictive value of aberrant right subclavian artery for fetal Chromosome aneuploidy in women of advanced maternal age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Chen ◽  
Xiao-Hong Zhong ◽  
Jian-Hong You ◽  
Jiang-Hua Chen ◽  
Jing-Xian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies ◽  
Fetal Karyotype

Abstract Background: In entire population, aberrant right subclavian artery ( ARSA) was in closely association with chromosomal abnormalities. The risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities increased with the maternal age exponentially. This situation in advanced maternal age ( AMA )group is uncertain. This study aimed to establish the incidence of ARSA in Chinese AMA and non-AMA women and to determine the frequency of aneuploidy among AMA and non-AMA women with ARSA.Methods: The retrospective study included 13,690 singleton pregnancies which were divided into AMA and non-AMA groups. Integrated obstetric ultrasonic screening, biochemical screening, noninvasive prenatal screening and fetal karyotype analysis were analyzed.Results: 1. The overall incidence of ARSA was 0.69 % with no difference in both age groups. 2. The incidence rate of chromosomal abnormalities in AMA group ( 37 / 2,860 ) was much higher than that in non-AMA group. The risk of chromosomal abnormalities significantly increased with both ARSA detected and additional ultrasound findings. 3. With combined ARSA detected in AMA ones, the lilelihood of the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities increased. 4. Additionally, a case with chimeric ( 45X / 46XX ) was found with isolated ARSA in AMA pregnancy.Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in AMA fetuses. ARSA would increase the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in both age groups, especially combined ARSA. Moreover, when combined ARSA is found in AMA ones, it confers a high likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities.

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