scholarly journals Effects of Obesity on Airway and Systemic Inflammation in Asthmatic Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Emine Vezir ◽  
Ersoy Civelek ◽  
Emine Dibek Misirlioglu ◽  
Muge Toyran ◽  
Murat Capanoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines ◽  
Asthma In Children

Background: Obese asthma is a complex syndrome with certain phenotypes that differ in children and adults. There is no clear evidence regarding the presence of additive or synergistic pathological interaction between obesity and asthma in children. Objectives: Our aim was to demonstrate the interaction of obesity and asthma in children in terms of airway and systemic inflammation by a controlled observational study. Methods: Four groups were formed: asthma obese (AO), asthma nonobese (ANO), non-AO (NAO), nonasthma nonobese (NANO). Spirometry test, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test, skin prick test, serum inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, C3, C4, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, periostin, YKL-40, Type 1, and Type 2 cytokines) were conducted and evaluated in all participants. Sputum inflammatory cells (sputum eosinophils and neutrophils) were evaluated in patients who could produce induced sputum and obesity-asthma interactions were determined. Results: A total of 153 participants aged 6–18 years were included in the study, including the AO group (n = 46), the ANO group (n = 45), the NAO group (n = 30), and the NANO group (n = 32). IL-4 (p < 0.001), IL-5 (p < 0.001), IL-13 (p < 0.001), resistin (p < 0.001), and YKL-40 (p < 0.001) levels were higher in patients with asthma independent of obesity. The lowest adiponectin level was found in the AO group and obesity-asthma interaction was detected (p < 0.001). Sputum eosinophilia (p < 0.01), sputum neutrophilia (p < 0.01), and FeNO levels (p = 0.07) were higher in asthmatic patients independent of obesity. In the group with paucigranulocytic inflammation, resistin and YKL-40 levels were significantly lower than in the group without paucigranulocytic inflammation (p < 0.01). Conclusion: No interaction was found between obesity and asthma in terms of airway inflammation. Interaction between obesity and asthma was shown in terms of adiponectin level and resistin/adiponectin and leptin/adiponectin ratios. It was found that serum YKL-40 and resistin levels could be associated with airway inflammation.

scholarly journals Identification and seasonality of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in asthmatic children in tropical climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselmo Pinheiro Lopes ◽  
Ítalo Patrick Souza Amorim ◽  
Bruna de Oliveira de Melo ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Campos Maramaldo ◽  
Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
International Study ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Introduction: Asthma is a disease that has been associated with the presence of different genetic and socio-environmental factors. Objective: To identify and evaluate the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (RV) in asthmatic children and adolescents in tropical climate, as well as to assess the socioeconomic and environmental factors involved. Methods: The study was conducted in a referral hospital, where a total of 151 children were recruited with a respiratory infection. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol and a questionnaire were applied, and a skin prick test was performed. The nasal swab was collected to detect RV and RSV through molecular assay. National Meteorological Institute (INMET) database was the source of climatic information. Results: The socio-environmental characterization of asthmatic children showed the family history of allergy, disturbed sleep at night, dry cough, allergic rhinitis, individuals sensitized to at least one mite. We identified RV in 75% of children with asthma and 66.7% of RSV in children with asthma. There was an association between the presence of RV and the dry season whereas the presence of the RSV was associated with the rainy season. Contributing to these results, a negative correlation was observed between the RSV and the wind speed and the maximum temperature (T. Max) and a positive correlation with precipitation. Conclusions: The results suggest a high prevalence of RV and RSV in asthmatic children and the seasonality of these viruses were present in different climatic periods. This has significant implications for understanding short- and long-term clinical complications in asthmatic patients.

scholarly journals Jia-Wei-Yu-Ping-Feng-San Attenuates Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell-Mediated Airway Inflammation in Allergic Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingna Xue ◽  
Cui Li ◽  
Guangbo Ge ◽  
Shaoyan Zhang ◽  
Liming Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines ◽  
Group 2

The incidence of asthma has increased in recent decades. Although corticosteroids and bronchodilators are used in clinical practice, the control of asthma remains a challenge. Allergic asthma is characterized airway inflammation mediated by type 2 immune response. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are an important source of type 2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13, which contribute to the progress of asthma. Jia-Wei-Yu-Ping-Feng-San (JWYPFS), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat asthma in China. In this study we investigated the mechanisms of JWYPFS in the treatment of asthma, especially the effect on ILC2s important in airway inflammation. Female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to establish a model of allergic asthma. Airway hyperresponsiveness was examined by direct airway resistance analysis. Inflammatory cell counts were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion in lung tissue sections was observed by HE and PAS staining, respectively. The numbers and proportions of ILC2s as well as the ILC2s-related transcription factors GATA3, IRF4, and type 2 cytokines were measured in lung tissue samples. Additionally, ILC2s were collected from mouse lung; ILC2s-related cytokines and GATA3 and IRF4 were evaluated after IL-33-induced activation of ILC2s in vitro. Elevated inflammatory cells, mucus secretion, airway hyperresponsiveness and type 2 cytokines in the OVA-treated asthma group indicated that an allergic asthma model had been established. JWYPFS treatment attenuated airway resistance and reduced inflammatory cells including eosinophils, and inhibited mucus production and type 2 cytokines in these asthmatic mice. Moreover, JWYPFS treatment dramatically decreased the numbers and proportions of ILC2s and the mRNA levels of GATA3 and IRF4. In an in vitro experiment JWYPFS significantly suppressed GATA3, IRF4 and type 2 cytokine expression, including IL-5 and IL-13 in IL-33-stimulated ILC2s. JWYPFS alleviates ILC2s-mediated airway inflammation, suggesting that JWYPFS might be an effective agent to treat allergic asthma.

scholarly journals A Study on Highly Sensitive C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Md Haroon Ur Rashid ◽  
Md Rezaul Karim Chowdhury ◽  
Md Ehsanul Huq ◽  
Shamimur Rahman ◽  
Nelson Taposh Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Relevance of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an acute phase reactant and a sensitive marker of low-grade systemic inflammation in bronchial asthma has not been fully studied.Objectives: Reported studies have found an inverse relationship between lung function and markers of systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between serum level of hs-CRP and bronchial asthma.Materials and method: In this study, hs-CRP was measured in 60 patients with asthma and 40 healthy control subjects. Of all asthmatics, 39 patients had partially controlled and uncontrolled asthma and 21 patients had asthma during exacerbation.Results: Highly sensitive CRP was significantly higher (p<0.000) in asthmatic patients as compared to the control group. In asthmatics with exacerbation, serum hs-CRP was significantly higher than in partially controlled and uncontrolled asthmatic patients (p<0.006) and control subjects (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Serum hs-CRP may be a non specific marker of asthma and its exacerbation.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 62-67

scholarly journals ROLE OF HIGH- SENSITIVITY C REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs-CRP) IN ASSESSMENT OF ASTHMA CONTROL IN CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARVIND KUMAR ◽  
Kana Jat ◽  
Jhuma Sankar ◽  
Ram Lakshmy ◽  
RAKESH LODHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Control Criteria

Introduction: Data are scarce on hs-CRP as a biomarker for airway inflammation in pediatric asthma. We aimed to examine correlation between hs-CRP and asthma control levels. Methods: Children with physician-diagnosed asthma, ages 6 to 15 years, were enrolled. Asthma control criteria of GINA-2016 were used to assess the level of asthma control. The relationships between serum hs-CRP and each of asthma control measures (Asthma control criteria, spirometry, impulse oscillometry, eosinophil counts and Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were assessed. Results: Out of total 150 asthmatic children; 52 (35%) had well controlled asthma, 76 (51%), and 22 (14%) children had partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma, respectively. Median (IQR) values of hs-CRP were 0.47 (0.1, 1.67) mg/L in well controlled, 0.30 (0.1, 1.83) mg/L in partly controlled, and 2.74 (0.55, 3.74) mg/L in uncontrolled asthma (p=0.029). Correlation between hs-CRP and FEV1% was significant (p=0.019). Using Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis, area under curve for hs-CRP mg/L to discriminate between uncontrolled and (controlled + partly controlled) asthma was 0.67 (95% CI 0.55, 0.80) and a cutoff 1.1 mg/L of serum hs-CRP level had a sensitivity of 68.1% with specificity of 67.97%. In two groups of hs-CRP (< 3 mg/L) and hs-CRP (≥ 3 mg/L), high hs-CRP group had higher proportion of uncontrolled asthmatic children (p=0.03). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated higher serum hs-CRP values in uncontrolled asthma that supports the use of hs-CRP as surrogate marker of small airway inflammation. hs-CRP may be considered as a tool to predict asthma status.

scholarly journals Systemic Inflammation (C-Reactive Protein) in Older Chinese Adults Is Associated with Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Mona Elbarbary ◽  
Artem Oganesyan ◽  
Trenton Honda ◽  
Geoffrey Morgan ◽  
Yuming Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Older Chinese Adults

There is an established association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is likely to be mediated by systemic inflammation. The present study evaluated links between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) in an older Chinese adult cohort (n = 7915) enrolled in the World Health Organization (WHO) study on global aging and adult health (SAGE) China Wave 1 in 2008–2010. Multilevel linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on log-transformed hs-CRP levels and odds ratios of CVD risk derived from CRP levels adjusted for confounders. A satellite-based spatial statistical model was applied to estimate the average community exposure to outdoor air pollutants (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10), 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5), and 1 μm or less (PM1) and NO2) for each participant of the study. hs-CRP levels were drawn from dried blood spots of each participant. Each 10 μg/m3 increment in PM10, PM2.5, PM1, and NO2 was associated with 12.8% (95% confidence interval; (CI): 9.1, 16.6), 15.7% (95% CI: 10.9, 20.8), 10.2% (95% CI: 7.3, 13.2), and 11.8% (95% CI: 7.9, 15.8) higher serum levels of hs-CRP, respectively. Our findings suggest that air pollution may be an important factor in increasing systemic inflammation in older Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and C-Reactive Protein in Tension-Type Headache Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Hüseyin Özdemir ◽  
Ahmet Dönder
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type Headache

Abstract Objectives A tension headache is the most common type of headache, and its causes are multifactorial. A relationship has been shown between migraine headaches and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study, we investigated the NLR, PLR, and serum CRP levels in frequent episodic tension-type headache (FETTH) and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) patients. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 64 patients with FETTH, 80 patients with CTTH, and 60 healthy controls who were followed up in the neurology clinic. Hematological parameters were compared between the patient and control groups. Results In CTTH patients, platelets, NLR, PLR, and CRP values were statistically higher than in FETTH patients and patients in the control group. In FETTH patients, the PLR value was higher than in patients in the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference in NLR and CRP values between FETTH patients and patients in the control group. Also, there was no correlation between these values and age and gender. Conclusion Increase platelet count might have an effect on tension-type headache pathophysiology. Systemic inflammation parameters were shown to be significantly higher in CTTH patients. More comprehensive studies are needed to evaluate the effect of systemic inflammation on the chronicity of tension headaches.

P1279INSULIN RESISTANCE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Filinyuk ◽  
Aleksander Rumyantsev
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment

Abstract Background and Aims insulin resistance (IR) is a decrease in the biological response of sensitive tissues to insulin. IR is known as an adverse risk factor in cardiovascular disease, which largely determines the prognosis of patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). But this issue is not well understood. For the screening of IR, special indices have been developed that characterize the sensitivity of tissues to insulin. The aim of the study was to compare the methods of screening for IR in patients receiving HD in relation to the markers of systemic inflammation and atherogenic dyslipidemia (AtD). Method 124 patients receiving HD for 75.4 ± 44.5 months were examined including 66 men and 58 women aged 57.6 ± 13.6 years. For IR screening, the Homeostatic Model Assessment-1 and 2 indices (HOMA-1 and HOMA-2), the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and triglycerides / glucose (Tri/G) were used. Patients were examined in accordance with the recommendations of KDIGO. Data analysis was carried out using “STATISTICA 10.0”. Results fasting insulin levels were elevated in 19% of patients. But, the calculated indices were consistent with the idea that IR is much more common. So, the IR index in the HOMA -1 model was increased in 47%, in the HOMA -2 model - in 33%, in the QUICKI model - in 36%, the TriH indicator - in 91%. The sensitivity of peripheral tissues in the HOMA-1 and HOMA-2 models was equally reduced by 35-40%. The results of the correlation analysis between indicators of IR and plasma concentration of C-reactive protein and lipid profile are presented in table 1. Informativeness of IR indicators depending on the presence of obesity is presented in table 2 We were also interested in whether insulin resistance affects the development of clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure. An analysis of this relationship did not reveal. Only the IR index in the HOMA-1 model with a value of more than 2.7 units was associated with a 4.5-fold increase in the risk of developing clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic lesions (χ2 = 4.582 p = 0.032). Statistically significant it was only in men. Given our data, perhaps IR is one of the reasons for the higher morbidity and mortality of men at HD. Conclusion a comparison of IR models allows us to distinguish HOMA-2 as the most accurate index. The highest correlation with systemic inflammation and AtD was in the HOMA-1 and HOMA-2 indices.

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