scholarly journals Cornea Procurement and Processing up to 72 Hours: No Risk for Cornea Transplant Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nicola Hofmann ◽  
Ilka Wittmershaus ◽  
Anna-Katharina Salz ◽  
Martin Börgel
Keyword(s):  
German Society ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cardiovascular Arrest ◽  
Made In

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The realization of tissue donations is bound to a tight timeframe. Depending on the type of tissue, time limits are specified within which the donation must be procured and processed. Otherwise, there is a risk of tissue quality loss with increasing time intervals from cardiovascular arrest. According to the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare (EDQM) guide, cornea must be procured and processed within 72 h after death. The question arises whether this time interval has an influence on the quality of transplanted tissues and how it affects the accomplishment of tissue donations. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In order to obtain information on this, the numbers of tissue donations in the network of the German Society for Tissue Transplantation (DGFG) were evaluated as a function of the death to retrieval time (DRT) as well as the death to preservation time (DPT). For this purpose, 21,454 database entries of cornea donations made in the period from 2014 to 2018 were included. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results show that nearly 50% of donations realized in the DGFG network could be processed only 48 h or later after cardiovascular death due to the opt-in regulation in Germany. For these donations, there seems to be a higher discard rate compared to donations taken earlier. Nevertheless, there is a transplantation rate for these grafts of more than 65%, which is comparable to average transplantation rates stated in the literature. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> All corneas finally selected for transplantation must meet the specified quality parameters. Since this naturally also applies to transplants that could only be procured at later time points, it can be concluded that DPT up to 72 h for corneal tissue is adequate and has no influence on the quality of corneas that are ultimately transplanted.

scholarly journals Constructing Geographic Dictionary from Streaming Geotagged Tweets

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongwoo Lim ◽  
Naoko Nitta ◽  
Kazuaki Nakamura ◽  
Noboru Babaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Text Format ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Spatial Locality ◽  
Content Similarity ◽  
Types Of Information

Geographic information, such as place names with their latitude and longitude (lat/long), is useful to understand what belongs where. Traditionally, Gazetteers, which are constructed manually by experts, are used as dictionaries containing such geographic information. Recently, since people often post about their current experiences in a short text format to microblogs, their geotagged (tagged with lat/long information) posts are aggregated to automatically construct geographic dictionaries containing more diverse types of information, such as local products and events. Generally, the geotagged posts are collected within a certain time interval. Then, the spatial locality of every word used in the collected geotagged posts is examined to obtain the local words, representing places, events, etc., which are observed at specific locations by the users. However, focusing on a specific time interval limits the diversity and accuracy of the extracted local words. Further, bot accounts in microblogs can largely affect the spatial locality of the words used in their posts. In order to handle such problems, we propose an online method for continuously update the geographic dictionary by adaptively determining suitable time intervals for examining the spatial locality of each word. The proposed method further filters out the geotagged posts from bot accounts based on the content similarity among their posts to improve the quality of extracted local words. The constructed geographic dictionary is compared with different geographic dictionaries constructed by experts, crowdsourcing, and automatically by focusing on a specific time interval to evaluate its quality.

scholarly journals Health-Care Delay in Malignant Melanoma: Various Pathways to Diagnosis and Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senada Hajdarevic ◽  
Åsa Hörnsten ◽  
Elisabet Sundbom ◽  
Ulf Isaksson ◽  
Marcus Schmitt-Egenolf
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Unselected Population

We aimed to describe and compare patients diagnosed with malignant melanoma (MM), depending on their initial contact with care and with regard to age, sex, and MM type and thickness, and to explore pathways and time intervals (lead times) between clinics from the initial contact to diagnosis and treatment. The sample from northern Sweden was identified via the Swedish melanoma register. Data regarding pathways in health care were retrieved from patient records. In our unselected population of 71 people diagnosed with skin melanoma of SSM and NM types, 75% of patients were primarily treated by primary health-care centres (PHCs). The time interval (delay) from primary excision until registration of the histopathological assessment in the medical records was significantly longer in PHCs than in hospital-based and dermatological clinics (Derm). Thicker tumors were more common in the PHC group. Older patients waited longer times for wide excision. Most MM are excised rapidly at PHCs, but some patients may not be diagnosed and treated in time. Delay of registration of results from histopathological assessments within PHCs seems to be an important issue for future improvement. Exploring shortcomings in MM patients’ clinical pathways is important to improve the quality of care and patient safety.

scholarly journals The effect of increasing intakes of plant protein on the protein quality of Canadian diets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P.F. Marinangeli ◽  
Hrvoje Fabek ◽  
Mavra Ahmed ◽  
Diana Sanchez-Hernandez ◽  
Samara Foisy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Protein Consumption

The 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey was used to investigated the protein content and protein quality of the diets consumed by adults (≥ 19 years) when plant protein is increased. Individuals (n=6498) were allocated to quartiles of increasing proportions of protein from plant foods (Q1:0-24.9%; Q2:25%-49.9%; Q3:50-74.9%; Q4:75-100%). The Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) of diets were estimated using indispensable amino acid concentrations of foods and an assumed digestibility coefficient of 0.8. Corrected protein intakes were determined by aggregating foods consumed over 24hrs and as the sum of corrected protein consumed at eating events within six, four-hour time intervals. Most individuals (51%) consumed 25-49.9% of protein from plant foods. Cereal-based foods represented the majority of plant protein consumed. PDCAAS of diets remained ≥0.87 for Q1-3, but decreased (p<0.0001) to 0.71±0.018 in Q4 vs. Q2 (0.96±0.004). Corrected protein intakes in Q2 (80.66±1.21 g/day; 1.07±0.03 g protein/kg BW) decreased to 37.13±1.88 g/day (0.54±0.03 g/kg BW) in Q4 (p<0.0001). Aggregated daily corrected protein intake strongly correlated (r=0.99; p<0.001) with the sum of corrected protein consumed within time intervals. Intra-time interval analysis revealed that the relative proportions of animal and plant proteins changed at eating events over 24hrs; and did not reflect the allocation to quartiles based on the daily proportion of plant protein consumption. Various tools should be explored and developed to assist Canadians in effectively incorporating plant protein foods into dietary patterns. Novelty: ●Corrected protein intakes decreased as plant protein consumption increased. ●PDCAAS was ≥0.87 for diets with ≤74.9% plant protein.

scholarly journals Changes in Phytochemicals and Determination of Optimum Fermentation Time during Black Tea Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-664
Author(s):  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
R. Das ◽  
I. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Black Tea ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Enzymatic Oxidation ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Tea Quality ◽  
Processing Steps

Black tea processing consists of four steps, namely withering, CTC, fermentation and drying, while cup quality made tea mostly controlled by fermentation step. This study evaluated biochemical changes at different stages of black tea processing in Bangladesh and determined the optimum fermentation time. Samples were collected from different tea processing stages to measure major phytochemicals and time intervals during fermentation to measure theaflavins and thearubigins ratio. Caffeine content was the least susceptible to processing steps. Biochemical changes started at withering, cell maceration and enzymatic oxidation started at CTC processing, thus the major reduction in the reducing sugar (20.46 to 04.95 ppm), catechin (16.88 to 7.95 ppm) and polyphenol (42.30 to 30.73 ppm) occurred here. The significant changes appeared during fermentation when polyphenol content decreased from 44.66 to 18.23 and catechin from 17.41 to 03.98 ppm due to the breakdown of these compounds to theaflavins (TF) and thearubigins (TR). The TF and TR ratio increased with fermentation time, and the highest of 1:8.4 was found at 50 min, which turned into 1:10 in the final product. The made tea quality parameters were comparable or better at fermentation time of 50 min than the quality of the black tea available in market.

scholarly journals Evaluation of changes in the quality of extracted oil from olive fruits stored under different temperatures and time intervals

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Saffar Taluri ◽  
Seid Mahdi Jafari ◽  
Akbar Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Freezing Condition

AbstractChilling and freezing injuries of olives harvested in geographically high elevated locations may affect the quality of olive, and subsequently lead to oil with a poor quality. This study was aiming to investigate the influence of whether changes and freezing condition on the quality of extracted olive oil. The olive Koroneiki cultivar obtained from two origins was stored at three different temperatures (20, 5 and −18 °C) before oil extraction and common analyses (oil yield, acidity, peroxide value, thiobarbitorik acid value, total phenolics level, and color) were carried out in different time intervals (0, 20, 40, and 60 days) in order to assess the olive oil quality. Our data revealed that longer storage times significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the quality of olive oil. The fruits remained at 20 °C provided the lowest oil quality in all parameters. For example, the acidity of olive oil at 20 °C was 177% higher than samples kept at 5 °C after 20 days of olive storage. The general trend for comparing the quality parameters of extracted oils from olives kept at different temperatures was −18 > 5 > 20 °C. No significant negative effect (P < 0.05) was found for the samples kept at −18 °C, compared to 5 °C. Also, the geographical source of olive had a statistically significant influence (P < 0.05) on the quality of olive oil.

scholarly journals Photogrammetry Applied to Avalanche Studies

1967 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 917-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. van Wijk
Keyword(s):  
Relative Accuracy ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Snow Avalanches ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Volume Determination ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Made In

Stereophotogrammetric techniques were used for a study of snow avalanches. The contour lines of the avalanche slope were mapped from stereo-photographs taken before and after the occurrence of the avalanche. The outline of the avalanche front at certain time intervals and the contours of the snow cloud were also plotted. A relative accuracy for the different maps of 0.7 m. on the terrain was established. The volume of the snow cloud at four different stages of the avalanche was determined from the maps. These volumes were also computed independently from coordinate readings that were made in the stereo models. The standard errors of both methods of volume determination were estimated to be 450 m.3 and 290 m.3 respectively, representing errors of 5 per cent and 3 per cent of the average cloud volume. The photographs were taken with an accurately determined time interval. Therefore, the velocity of the avalanche front could be determined from the photogrammetric measurements.

scholarly journals Predicting the Quality of Meat: Myth or Reality?

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Berri ◽  
Brigitte Picard ◽  
Bénédicte Lebret ◽  
Donato Andueza ◽  
Florence Lefèvre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Made In

This review is aimed at providing an overview of recent advances made in the field of meat quality prediction, particularly in Europe. The different methods used in research labs or by the production sectors for the development of equations and tools based on different types of biological (genomic or phenotypic) or physical (spectroscopy) markers are discussed. Through the various examples, it appears that although biological markers have been identified, quality parameters go through a complex determinism process. This makes the development of generic molecular tests even more difficult. However, in recent years, progress in the development of predictive tools has benefited from technological breakthroughs in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Concerning spectroscopy, the most significant progress was achieved using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the composition and nutritional value of meats. However, predicting the functional properties of meats using this method—mainly, the sensorial quality—is more difficult. Finally, the example of the MSA (Meat Standards Australia) phenotypic model, which predicts the eating quality of beef based on a combination of upstream and downstream data, is described. Its benefit for the beef industry has been extensively demonstrated in Australia, and its generic performance has already been proven in several countries.

scholarly journals Cornea donation process and tissue quality for transplantation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249927
Author(s):  
Giovanna Karinny Pereira Cruz ◽  
Marcos Antonio Ferreira Júnior ◽  
Oleci Pereira Frota ◽  
Elen Ferraz Teston ◽  
Viviane Euzébia Pereira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cornea Donation

Introduction The quality of the corneal tissue can be influenced by several factors inherent to the recipient, donor, and to the donation and transplantation process. The donated corneal tissue can be classified by its quality as excellent, good, regular, bad, or unacceptable for transplantation, evaluating it in a slit lamp. Objective To analyze the relationship between the clinical and sociodemographic variables of the donors and the donation process and the classification of the quality of the corneal tissue collected for transplantation. Methods This is an epidemiologic study, retrospective cohort type, which addressed the process of cornea donation by the Human Eye Tissue Bank in a reference service in Northeast Brazil. The sample consisted of corneas processed by the Human Eye Tissue Bank of Rio Grande do Norte (n = 419). For descriptive and inferential analysis, the study used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 25.0, and considered a significance level of 0.05. Logistic regression analysis was used for the adjustment of the final model. Results It was verified that the epidemiological profile showed a prevalence of individuals with a mean age of 42.54 years old, male (73.99%), and living in the metropolitan region of the state capital (75.66%). When analyzing the relationship between the clinical and sociodemographic variables of the donors, it was identified that those aged 45 years old or less had better quality corneas (excellent and good), while the chronological variables were predictive factors for corneas of regular and bad qualities. Conclusion The identification of the factors inherent to the donation process and predictors of corneal tissue quality contribute to minimizing the risk of transplantation and to a better ocular prognosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Milking Time Intervals on Production and Quality of Friesian Holstein

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Tedi Akhdiat ◽  
Hilman Permana ◽  
Nilawat Widjaja ◽  
Raden Febrianto Christi ◽  
Dini Elsa Alfiani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cow

Milking is the act of removing milk from the udder on purpose to get maximum milk production. A reasonable milking interval will affect the amount of milk production. This research aims to know the extent of the milking time interval affecting Friesian Holstein dairy cow milk production and the interval of milking time that produces the best production and quality of Friesian Holstein.  The research method was an experiment using a completely rand randomized with four treatments, namely: treatments 1 was 16:8 hours time delivery interval (TDI) dairy cow; treatments 2: time delivery interval (TDI) 15:9 hours; treatment 3: delivery time interval (TDI) 14:10 hours; treatment 4: time delivery interval (TDI) 13:11 hours.  The observed variables are milk production and milk quality.  The data were analyzed using verbal if any effect of treatment was done Duncan's distance test. Based on the results and discussion, the milking time interval significantly impacts milk production and water content. Still, it has no significant effect on the density, protein content, and milk fat content, 13:11 hours milking interval time produces the most milk and water content.

scholarly journals Microbial and senzory quality of raw milk cheeses from the milk vending machines

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Medveďová ◽  
Adriana Studeničová ◽  
Ľubomír Valík ◽  
Ondruš Ladislav
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Growth Dynamic ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

Abstract Changes in microbial quality of lump cheeses manufactured from raw cows’ milk from milk vending machines were studied throughout 7 days of fermentation at 15 °C. The density of lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and coliforms were determined, continuously. Also the pH value dynamic was analyzed at the same time intervals. All together, 8 cheeses were prepared from two different vending machines in summer and in winter. Based on the results, growth dynamic of all microorganisms as well as the pH value decrease was slower in cheeses made in winter. No significant differences were observed in the maximal counts of microorganisms related to the season. However, the counts of S. aureus exceeded the EU limit 104 CFU g-1 in 7 out of 8 cheeses, probably due to slow pH value descent. Also the Slovak Food Codex limit for E. coli maximal density of less than 104 CFU g-1 was significantly exceeded. According to sensory evaluation, cheeses prepared in winter were less tasty and their typical odour was less distinctive. Results suggest that raw milk from milk vending machines is not suitable for direct consumption without proper thermal treatment.

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