Withaferin-A Protects the Nigral Dopamine Neuron and Recovers Motor Activity in Aged Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raziya Banu ◽  
Muhammed Ibrahim ◽  
K. Prabhu ◽  
Srinivasagam Rajasankar
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Withaferin A ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Withaferin-A (WA) was evaluated for its neuroprotective efficacy on the dopamine (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (ST) in aged rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into group I, young (3 months old); group II, aged (24 months old); group III, aged rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg bodyweight once per day for 30 days), and group IV, young rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg bodyweight). At the end of the experiment period, the animals were subjected to various motor behavior analyses, and were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion. The brains were dissected out and subjected to various analyses, including histological, histomorphometrical, and immunolocalization of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) enzyme. The data of rotarod analysis (p < 0.001) showed a significant motor impairment in aged rats (number of falls 10.2 ± 0.86) and reduction in retention time (31.23 ± 2.56 s) compared to young controls (2.41 ± 0.35 and 84.05 ± 5.15 s). The stride length was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in aged rats (4.21 ± 0.57 and 4.38 ± 0.61 cm) when compared to young control rats (6.98 ± 0.25 and 7.13 ± 0.70 cm). The histomorphometric data of the aged animals showed a significant reduction in the neuronal diameter (p < 0.001), density (p < 0.001), and volume (p < 0.001) in the SN of aged rats when compared to young rats. Immunohistology demonstrated a marked reduction in the levels of TH enzyme in both the SN and ST of aged animals when compared to young rats. Both structural and functional impairments were reversed in the aged animals after the supplementation of WA (p < 0.001). The present study clearly indicates that WA attenuates the ageing-mediated motor degenerative changes in the SN and ST of aged rats and ascertains its neuroprotective potential.

Ameliorative Effect of Withaferin A on Ageing-Mediated Impairment in the Dopamine System and Its Associated Behavior of Wistar Albino Rat

Pharmacology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raziya Banu ◽  
Muhammed Ibrahim ◽  
K. Prabhu ◽  
Srinivasagam Rajasankar
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Withaferin A ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Aged Rat ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Withaferin A (WA) was evaluated for its neuro-protective efficacy on ageing induced striatal dopamine (DA) and behavioural changes in aged rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into group I – young (3 months), Group II – aged (24 months), Group III – aged rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg b.w once in a day for 30 days) and Group IV – young rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg b.w). The HPLC assay revealed significant decline in the levels of DA and homovanillic acid (HVA) in substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (ST) of aged rat. A marked decline in motor activity of aged rat was observed through open field, beam walking and grid walking motor experiments. These results indicate that ageing reduces nigro-striatal activity as well as nigro-striatal DA levels. Interestingly, the administration of WA (50 mg\kg b.w) resulted in a substantial resurge of DA and HVA in SN and ST and a significant reversal of motor impairment in aged rats. This study is the first report that evidently determines the neuro-protective efficacy of WA on dopaminergic system of SN and ST in aged rats.

scholarly journals Anti-anxiety activity of Eucalyptus tereticornis n-hexane extract in Wistar albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Shyamjith Manikkoth ◽  
Sheeba Damodar ◽  
Melinda Sequeira ◽  
Kevin Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
High Therapeutic Index ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: To find out a new agent with a high therapeutic index for the treatment of anxiety, an indigenous medicinal plant Eucalyptus terteticornis was screened for its effect on anxiety in experimental animal model.Methods: Thirty six adult Wistar albino rats of both sexes weighing 175-200g were divided into three groups: Group I: DMSO 10% (0.1ml/200g), Group II: hexane extract of leaves of Eucalyptus terteticornis (ETHE) (100mg/kg/body weight), Group III: Diazepam (1mg/kg orally). All test compounds were administered orally for ten days. On tenth day, after one hour of test compounds administration, Wistar rats were taken for elevated plus maze (EPM) and light dark arena (LDA) tests. Statistical comparisons among the groups were performed by One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey Krammer test.Results: The results showed that ETHE treated animals (Group II) significantly (p <0.001) increased the time spent in open arms of EPM and in bright arena of LDA on comparing with normal (Group I).Conclusions: The anti-anxiety activity of Eucalyptus terteticornis can be due to its effect on brain neurotransmitters or due to antioxidant property.

scholarly journals Protective effects of tempol in an experimental ovarian ischemia–reperfusion injury model in female Wistar albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 861-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Pınar ◽  
Oya Soylu Karapınar ◽  
Oğuzhan Özcan ◽  
Esin Atik Doğan ◽  
Suphi Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Sham Group ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of tempol on ovarian ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Forty female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Group I, sham; Group II, ischemia (I); Group III, I/R; Group IV, I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p; Group V, I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was significantly higher in the ischemia group and the I/R group than in the sham group. Catalase levels were significantly lower in the I/R group than in the I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p. and the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. groups. Glutathione peroxidase levels were lower in the I/R group than in the I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p. and the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. groups. MDA levels were significantly lower in the I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p. group and the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. group than in the I/R group. The levels of the histopathological parameters were significantly decreased in the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. group compared with the I/R group. Tempol can be used for reducing ovarian I/R injury.

scholarly journals Screening of anticonvulsant effect of carvedilol on electrically induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Biacin Babu ◽  
Madhavrao Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Epilepsy is one of the major central nervous system disorders. The parent study aimed to screen the anticonvulsant effect of carvedilol on electrically induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats.Methods: This study was done in Wistar albino rats. A total of 30 rats were divided into 6 groups each of six rats. group-I (0.9% normal saline), group-II diphenylhydantoin (10 mg/kg/BW/ip), group-III carvedilol (1mg/kg/BW/PO), group-IV carvedilol (2 mg/kg/BW/PO) and group-V carvedilol (4 mg/kg/BW/PO). All the groups were administered drugs and subjected to electric shock. Scores of seizures and percentage of protection were recorded to compare between the groups. One was ANOVA (post hoc) followed by Dunnet t test applied to find the statistically significant between the groups.Results: Group-I showed significant difference compared to other groups. Group-II showed significant difference with group-III and IV not with V. High dose of test drug and standard drug showed similar results in percentage of seizures prevention. Control and low doses of test drugs showed significant difference compared to standard and high dose of test drug in seizures prevention.Conclusions: High of carvedilol showed significant seizures prevention compared to low doses and control group.

scholarly journals Effect of Amomum subulatum seeds against cypermethrin induced haematological changes in wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Goutham Sagarkatte Puttanna ◽  
Purushotham K. ◽  
Swarnalatha Nayak ◽  
Eesha B. Rao ◽  
Ravi Mundugaru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Cypermethrin is a well know agricultural pesticide used in the developing countries. It is associated with significant toxic potential on human health. Hence the present study was aimed to evaluate the protective role of Amomum subulatum against cypermethrin induced haematalogical changes in Wistar albino rats.Methods: The albino rats were divided into five different groups of six rats each. Group I considered as normal control, group II cypermethrin control (25mg/kg body weight p.o.), group III only test drug and group IV and V administered with cypermethrin 25mg/kg body weight along test drug 1.08 and 2.16mg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. At the end of 28th day blood was withdrawn and total haematalogical parameters were estimated.Results: In the cypermethrin control there was significant reduction in the WBC, Platelet, MCHC and considerable reduction in the haemoglobulin concentration in comparison to normal control. The test drug administered at both dose levels was significantly reversed the cypermethrin induced changes in haematalogical parameters.Conclusions: Authors can conclude that the Amomum subulatum has potency to reverse the cypermethrin induced haematalogical changes.

Effect of Mentha piperita (Labiatae) and Mentha spicata (Labiatae) on iron absorption in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6-10) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akdogan ◽  
Fatih Gultekin ◽  
Mustafa Yontem
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Aim: The effect of Mentha piperita (Labiatae) and Mentha spicata (Labiatae) teas, which contain different phenol compounds, on iron metabolism was studied. These teas grow in different areas of the city of Isparta, Turkey. These herbals were given to the rats in tea. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats weighing 200-250 g were used for this study. The rats were divided into four groups of 12 animals: Group I received no herbal tea (control group); Group II received 20 g/L M. piperita tea; Group III received 20 g/L M. spicata tea; Group IV received 40 g/L M. spicata tea. Herbal teas were prepared daily and provided at all times to the rats over 30 days as drinking water. Results: M. piperita tea caused a decrease in serum iron and ferritin levels P <0.05), and caused an increase in unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC) P <0.01). M. spicata tea caused no significant change in serum iron, ferritin levels and UIBC P <0.05). Conclusion: Both herbal teas inhibited Fe absorption. Inhibition caused by M. spicata tea was dose dependent. Therefore, when drinking these teas, their effect should be considered, especially for children and anemic patients.

scholarly journals study Study of the Hepatoprotective Activity of Polyherbal Formulation on Alcohol Induced Hepatotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
ZALAK CHIRAG SHAH ◽  
Archana Paranjape ◽  
Hardik Soni ◽  
Snigdha Das Mandal ◽  
Janki Patel
Keyword(s):  
Liver Weight ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Many traditional systems of medicines employ herbal drugs for the hepatoprotection. Aim of the study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of polyherbal formulation against alcohol induced hepatotoxicity in wistar albino rats. Group I animals were treated with 1% CMC for 18 days. Group II, III and IV animals were treated with 1% CMC, polyherbal formulation 180mg/kg/day and silymarin 100mg/kg/day respectively for 18 days and then orally administration with ethanol 3.76 g/kg/day simultaneously for 18 days. After 24 hours of last dosing, the blood was obtained through retro-orbital plexus under light anaesthesia and the animals were sacrificed.  Hepatoprotective potential was assessed by various biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, bilirubin, cholesterol, TG and thiopentone sodium induced sleep time. Group III rats showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, bilirubin, cholesterol, TG, liver weight(wt.) and relative liver wt. levels while significant (p<0.01) increase in TP levels as compared to group II rats. Hepatoprotective potential of polyherbal formulation 180mg/kg/day was comparable to that of standard drug silymarin 100mg/kg/day. Results of the study were well supported by histopathological observations. This study confirms that polyherbal formulation possesses hepatoprotective potential comparable to that of standard drug silymarin as it exhibited comparable protective potential against PCM induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Keywords: Polyherbal formulation, Hepatoprotective potential, Alcohol, Hepatotoxicity, Silymarin

scholarly journals An Experimental Study to Demonstrate the Extents of Reversible Changes after Withdrawal of Allethrin Based Mosquito Coil Smoke Exposure along with the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C on Induced Testicular Changes in Male Wistar Albino Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Heena Singh ◽  
Dr. Navneet Kumar ◽  
Dr. Raghvendra Singh ◽  
Dr. Punita Manik ◽  
Dr. Archana Rani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mosquito Coil ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study was an attempt to delineate the effect of allethrin based mosquito coil exposure on male fertility of wistar albino rats. This also includes two months of discontinuation of exposure to know whether there is any reversibility of changes. We also studied the role of an antioxidant (Vitamin C) in ameliorating the effect caused by the coil.The animals in our study were randomized into four groups: group I served as control rats; group II, III and IV received mosquito coil smoke 8 hours a day, 7 days a week for 12 week. Group IV rats co-administered oral supplementation of Vit. C (20 mg/kg body weight) once in a day for the same time period while group III animals were further kept for 8 weeks without any exposure to demonstrate withdrawal effect. Mean testicular weight was maximum in Group IV(1.83±0.30 gm) followed by group I(1.56±0.19gms), group III(1.22±0.42 gms) and group II(0.64±0.09 gm). Mean sperm count ranged from 83.75±9.61 units in Group II to 100.0±16.68 units in Group III, 130.7±14.14 units in Group IV and 157.7±7.92 units (Group I). Mean % abnormal sperm morphology was maximum in Group II (36.95±7.87%) followed by Group III (30.66±9.59%), Group IV (11.97±2.74%) and Group I (5.37±1.28%). Statistically, this difference was significant (p<0.001). This study demonstrates different types of abnormal sperm morphology. This study has its own merit that it also depicts the possible improvement after discontinuation of exposure and vitamin C supplementation.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic activity of levofloxacin in adult albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Prasanna Kumari S. ◽  
Latha K. ◽  
Meeradevi A.
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Analgesic Agents ◽  
Active Isomer ◽  
Animal House

Background: Levofloxacin is a fluorinated quinolone antimicrobial used in the treatment of various bacterial infections and was active against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Levofloxacin is an optically active isomer of ofloxacin. Apart from its antibacterial action, it also exhibit antinociceptive properties. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the analgesic activity of Levofloxacin in albino rat in comparison with aspirin.Methods: Thirty adult albino rats weighing 150-250 gm were obtained from central animal house. The animals were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as control received normal feed and water. Group II served as standard received tablet aspirin 100 mg/kg (oral) and Group III, IV, V served as test T1, T2, T3 and received tablet levofloxacin 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg (oral), respectively. The analgesic effect of levofloxacin was evaluated using Eddy’s hot plate and tail flick methods and compared with standard analgesic aspirin. The values obtained were expressed as mean±SD. Statistical analysis of difference between groups were carried out using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Probability p<0.05 was taken as the level of statistical significance.Results: Levofloxacin at 40 mg/kg showed statistically (p<0.05) elevation in pain threshold and a higher antinociceptive activity in comparison to control and standard groups.Conclusions: In the present study, levofloxacin has showed promising results as an analgesic when compared to the control and standard groups. It may be a lead compound for identifying newer adjuvant analgesic agents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document