scholarly journals Transient Global Amnesia in a Patient with Pituitary Adenoma: Causal or Chance Association?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
Seunghee Na ◽  
Eek-Sung Lee ◽  
Seung-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumor ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Eloquent Area ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
The Brain

A 65-year-old man with no underlying medical history visited the neurology department due to transient amnesia lasting for about 8 h. During the amnesia episode, he was alert but showed repetitive questioning. The episode fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for transient global amnesia (TGA). On workups for excluding alternative diagnoses, the brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3 × 6 cm-sized hemorrhagic pituitary tumor extending to the left medial temporal lobe and anterior hippocampus. The electroencephalogram revealed intermittent slowing in the left temporal region with normal backgrounds. The tumor was surgically removed and pathologically proven to be a nonfunctioning adenoma. At 6 months postoperatively, no complication or new amnestic episode occurred. Thus, our case had a typical TGA as the first manifestation of a pituitary tumor. There were no features of epileptic amnesia. Transiently altered flow status from a mass effect in the memory-eloquent area might be the possible pathogenic mechanism underlying the TGA though there still remains a probability of chance concurrence of TGA and tumor.

scholarly journals Familial Retinal Arteriolar Tortuosity with Acute Hippocampal Infarction

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Hee Kim ◽  
Sonia Lee ◽  
Su Jin Lim
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Retinal Arterioles ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar

Purpose: To report a case of familial retinal arteriolar tortuosity with acute hippocampal infarction. Method: Single-patient case report. Results: A 50-year-old woman presented with blurred vision and was found to have cataract, retinal hemorrhages, and tortuous retinal arterioles in both eyes. Similar findings of tortuous retinal arterioles were observed in her daughter and son. In her past history of 6 years prior to the visit, she had been diagnosed with transient global amnesia after brain magnetic resonance imaging, which showed hippocampal infarction and multiple chronic ischemic lesions in the periventricular and subcortical white matter. Conclusion: Familial retinal arteriolar tortuosity is known to affect the retinal vessels only. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ischemic injury to the brain in a patient with familial retinal arteriolar tortuosity.

scholarly journals Emotional stress-induced transient global amnesia with bilateral hippocampal ischemic lesion

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
R. Perkovic ◽  
K. Buljan ◽  
M. Vladetic ◽  
F. Katic ◽  
S. Misevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Emotion Suppression ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Prolonged Stress

The paper describes a clinical case of transient global amnesia (TGA) in a male patient who has experienced prolonged stress at work and at home. The middle-aged man was admitted to hospital disoriented, constantly repeating the same questions. The patient did not remember what had happened that morning before his admission to the hospital. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral punctate hippocampal DWI hyperintensity. The patient has not been observed to have risk factors for cerebrovascular events. Neuropsychological examination has shown that the patient does not have adequate strategies to cope with the sequels of long-term intense stress accompanied with emotion suppression. The described case confirms that psychological instability may be one of the precipitating factors for TGA.

A controlled Valsalva Maneuver causes neither Diffusion-Positive Hippocampal Lesions nor Clinical Symptoms after Transient Global Amnesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 113-115
Author(s):  
Manuel Gomez-Choco ◽  
Ariel Fernando Mariaca ◽  
Christian Gaebel ◽  
José Manuel Valdueza
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hippocampal Lesions ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Age Range

Valsalva maneuver (VM) precedes frequently transient global amnesia (TGA) and up to 84% of the patients with TGA present hippocampal diffusion-weighted imaging-positive (DWI+) lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We studied 20 patients with TGA and hippocampal DWI+ lesions. Median age (range) of the patients was 67 (57–80) years and 55% were women. TGA had been preceded by a VM-associated activity in 14 patients (70%), and brain MRI had been performed at a median (range) of 47.5 (42–79) h after TGA. These patients underwent a second MRI after a controlled-induced VM at least 3 months after TGA. This MRI was performed at a median (range) of 46.8 (41–138) h after the controlled-induced VM. None of the patients who reproduced TGA symptoms presented new DWI+ lesions on the second MRI. In patients with a previous episode of TGA, VM cannot elicit TGA in isolation and the interplay of other simultaneous factors is needed.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Transient Global Amnesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Scheel ◽  
C. Malkowsky ◽  
R. Klingebiel ◽  
S. J. Schreiber ◽  
G. Bohner
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Global Amnesia

scholarly journals Transient Global Amnesia Associated with an Acute Infarction at the Cingulate Gyrus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gallardo-Tur ◽  
Jorge Romero-Godoy ◽  
Carlos de la Cruz Cosme ◽  
Adriá Arboix
Keyword(s):  
Limbic System ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Global Amnesia

Background. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a syndrome of sudden, unexplained isolated short-term memory loss. In the majority of TGA cases, no causes can be identified and neuroimaging, CSF studies and EEG are usually normal. We present a patient with TGA associated with a small acute infarct at the cingulate gyrus.Case Report. The patient, a 62 year-old man, developed two episodes of TGA. He had hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. He was found to have an acute ischemic stroke of small size (15 mm of maximal diameter) at the right cerebral cingulate gyrus diagnosed on brain magnetic resonance imaging. No lesions involving other limbic system structures such as thalamus, fornix, corpus callosum, or hippocampal structures were seen. The remainder of the examination was normal.Conclusion. Unilateral ischemic lesions of limbic system structures may result in TGA. We must bear in mind that TGA can be an associated clinical disorder of cingulate gyrus infarct.

Is Transient Global Amnesia a Network Disease?

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Min Park ◽  
Byung In Lee ◽  
Sung Eun Kim
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Network Measures ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus ◽  
Frontal Operculum ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Background: We evaluated a brain network using graph theoretical analysis and microstructural abnormalities of the white matter in patients with transient global amnesia (TGA). Methods: Twenty patients with TGA and healthy control subjects were recruited, and they underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans. Graph theory was applied to obtain network measures based on DTI data. We investigated the network measures and microstructural abnormalities of white matter using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis in the patients with TGA. Results: Measures of global topology were not different between the patients with TGA and healthy subjects. However, there were significant differences of hubs organization; the strength of the right superior and inferior orbitofrontal, the right inferior frontal operculum, the left superior parietal, and left postcentral gyrus, the cluster coefficient of the right middle orbitofrontal and left inferior parietal gyrus, the betweenness centrality of the left angular gyrus, and the pagerank centrality of the right superior and inferior orbitofrontal, right inferior frontal operculum, left superior parietal, and left postcentral gyrus in the patients with TGA were significantly lower than those in healthy subjects. Regarding the analysis of the white matter microstructure with TBSS, there were no differences in the fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity values between the 2 groups. Conclusions: We newly identify a reorganization of network hubs of the brain network in patients with TGA, especially in the regions of the default-mode network. These alterations of the brain network may play a role in the pathophysiologic mechanism underlying TGA and suggest that TGA is a network disease.

scholarly journals Neurosyphilis Showing Transient Global Amnesia-like Attacks and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities Mainly in the Limbic System.

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi FUJIMOTO ◽  
Toshihiro IMAIZUMI ◽  
Yasuko NISHIMURA ◽  
Yumiko MIURA ◽  
Mitsuyoshi AYABE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Global Amnesia
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