scholarly journals 40-Year Longitudinal Caries Development in German Adolescents in the Light of New Caries Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian H. Splieth ◽  
Ruth M. Santamaria ◽  
Roger Basner ◽  
Elisabeth Schüler ◽  
Julian Schmoeckel
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
School Type ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Mean ◽  
6Th Graders

This study assessed the 40-year longitudinal caries development in German adolescents in the light of the sixth National Oral Health Survey in Children (NOHSC, 2016) employing initial DMFT (IDMFT), Significant Caries Index (SiC) and Specific Affected Caries Index (SaC). On the basis of the current NOHSC (randomized cluster selection using school list or regional community school surveys, 55,956 12-year-old sixth-graders examined by 482 calibrated community/study dentists) DMFT, SiC, a novel IDMFT including initial lesions (IT) and the recently introduced SaC were calculated and also recalculated for national and international surveys from the last 4 decades. In 2016, 78.8% of children were caries-free (DMFT = 0), 65.5% including IT lesions. The mean DMFT was 0.44 (single components: DT = 0.14, MT = 0.02, FT = 0.29, IT = 0.52) showing a clear association with the school type as marker for the socio-economic status. The mean number of affected teeth in children with DMFT >0 was 2.07 (SaC) in comparison to almost 9 teeth in the 1970s. The current care index on the tooth level was 66.3%, leaving only 7.7% of children with restorative treatment needs. Longitudinally, a continuous caries decline of more than 80%, including the risk groups (SiC/SaC), to an internationally extremely low level was observed. In conclusion, the National Oral Health Surveys reveal a continuous caries decline to a very low caries level in 12-year-old 6th-graders in Germany even if IT lesions are included (IDMFT). In spite of proportional reductions in the risk groups (SiC/SaC), the polarized caries distribution according to socio-economic parameters reveals the need for targeted preventive programmes.

Introducing a Specific Term to Present Caries Experience in Populations with Low Caries Prevalence: Specific Affected Caries Index (SaC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Schmoeckel ◽  
Ruth M. Santamaría ◽  
Roger Basner ◽  
Elisabeth Schüler ◽  
Christian H. Splieth
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Specific Term ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
6Th Graders

Up to now, indices like the mean dmft/DMFT and the SiC (Significant Caries Index) have been used to depict caries experience in populations with high prevalence. With the caries decline, particularly for populations with low caries levels, these indices reach their statistical limits. This paper aims to introduce a specific term, the Specific affected Caries Index (SaC) for the risk groups in populations with low caries prevalence and to illustrate its use based on the consecutive German National Oral Health Survey (GNOHS) in children. In groups with a caries prevalence less than one-third of the population, many caries-free children (DMFT = 0) are included in the SiC (risk group), which calls for a new way of illustration. Mean caries experience (DMFT), caries prevalence, the SiC and SaC were portrayed for 12-year-olds in the GNOHS from 1994/95 to 2016. The SaC describes the mean caries experience (DMFT) in the group presenting caries experience (DMFT > 0). In 12-year-old 6th graders in Germany, the mean caries experience decreased from 2.4 (1994/95) to 0.4 DMFT (2016), with a recent prevalence of 21.2% (DMFT > 0, 2016). In 2016, the mean number of affected teeth in children with DMFT > 0 (SaC) was 2.1, while the SiC including 12% DMFT-free children in the risk group was 1.3. The SiC fails to reflect the caries severity in children in a population with low caries prevalence. Therefore, the newly introduced term Specific affected Caries Index (SaC) may be used to describe accurately caries experience in caries risk children in populations presenting low caries prevalence.

scholarly journals Oral Health Behavior and Treatment Needs among Drug Addicts and Controls in Amritsar District: A Case-controlled Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Preeti Chawla Arora ◽  
Komal Gurpreet Singh Ragi ◽  
Aman Arora ◽  
Ambika Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Background: Substance and drug abuse is associated with severe psychosocial problems, violence and health complications. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the oral hygiene status and sugar eating patterns among drug addicts with their age, gender and socio-economic status matched controls. Settings and Design: The present study comprised of two groups-Group A comprised of 100 drug addicts and Group B included 100 controls. The study sample were interviewed and subjected to a comprehensive intra-oral examination. Methods and Material: Standardized methods of evaluation were performed using mouth mirror, dental probe, explorer and WHO probe. Statistical Analysis: The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Chi Square test and student t-test. Results and Conclusions: CPITN index revealed bleeding in 56% addicts and calculus in 20% addicts. The mean DMFT of group A was 5.71 as compared to 2.45 in group B. The frequency of sugar consumption was found to be high in addicts as compared to the controls. Significant P values (< 0.001) of DMFT index, periodontal status and frequency of sugar consumption were obtained on statistical analysis. The caries status was found to be poor in addicts, but the periodontal treatment needs were similar for both group A and B. Oral health promotion should be undertaken in drug rehabilitation centers for overall success of withdrawl treatment.

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Root Decay in Older Adults in Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Locker ◽  
G.D. Slade ◽  
J.L. Leake
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Root Decay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Root Surfaces

We collected data on the oral health status and treatment needs of a random sample of persons aged 50 years and over. Data on root decay were obtained from the 183 subjects who were dentate. All remaining teeth were examined for root decay and restorations, whether root surfaces were affected by recession or not. Analysis was undertaken by case and root surface, with separate analyses of decayed (DS), and decayed and filled (DFS) root surfaces. One or more root surfaces with untreated decay were found in 37.2% of subjects, while one or more decayed or filled root surfaces were found in 56.8%. The mean number of decayed sutfaces was 1.3 per person, and the mean number of decayed and filled root surfaces was 2.6. Multiple and logistic regression analyses showed that oral health variables were more important predictors of the presence and severity of root decay than demographic, general health, or dental care factors.

scholarly journals Oral Health Status among Older Adults Attending Public Clinics in Khartoum State, Sudan: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayson Salih ◽  
Raouf Ali ◽  
Elwalid Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mucosal Lesions

Abstract Background As the number of older adults is growing worldwide, understanding the extension of the oral health problems of the older population is important for the determination of treatment needs and for future planning of dental services. This study assessed the oral health status and prosthetic needs among a group of older adults living in Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods A cross sectional study among individuals ≥ 60 years attending Health Care Centers. The clinical examination was based on the WHO oral health examination form for adults, 2013, which includes dentition status, periodontal conditions, oral mucosal lesions, tooth wear, prosthetic status and prosthetic needs. Results 249 older adults participated in the study, 64.3% were males and the mean age was 68.4 years (SD ± 6.7). The mean (DMFT) was 15.9 (SD ± 9.1), with 85.3%, 94.8%, and 19.3% of the participants had decayed, missed or filled teeth, respectively. Periodontal pockets were present in 41.9% of the participants and attachment loss was in 84.2%. Only 14.9% had mucosal lesions while 46.2% showed signs of tooth wear. Although only 5.2% were completely edentulous, 93.2% of the participants need at least one unit prosthesis while only 10% had removable dentures. The main predicting factors of poor oral health were being female, poor oral hygiene practices, frequency and reason of dental visits, and poor perceived poor oral health. Conclusion Despite the low level of edentulism, the oral health of older adults of the studied Sudanese population was poor. They showed high prevalence and severity of missed and decayed teeth, periodontal disease and high prosthetic treatment needs.

scholarly journals The nutrient intakes of pregnant and lactating mothers of good socio-economic status in Cambridge, UK: some implications for recommended daily allowances of minor nutrients

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Black ◽  
S. J. Wiles ◽  
A. A. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
The Uk

1. Forty-two mothers from social classes I, I1 and IIInon-manual and twenty-one from social classes IIImanual (M), IV and V were studied longitudinally. The mean daily nutrient intakes in months 4–9 of pregnancy, months 2– 4 of lactation and 3 and 6 months post-lactation are presented and are compared with the UK and the US recommended daily allowances (RDA).2. The quality of the diets (nutrients per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal)) was found to be better than that of other adult female populations studied in the UK, except for a group of dietitians.3. The mean daily intakes of nutrients for which there are UK RDA were almost all greater than 100% of the RDA. The exceptions were iron, which in the manual group (social classes IIIM, IV and V) was 85% of the RDA in pregnancy and 75% post-lactation, and vitamin D.4. Among the nutrients for which there are US, but not UK RDA, only phosphorus and vitamin B,, intakes were greater than 100% of the RDA in both groups at all stages of the study. Intakes of other nutrients were below the RDA: pantothenate 7G91, vitamin B, zinc, vitamin E and copper 40–72, folate 21–44, and biotin < 20% of the RDA.5. The bases of the RDA for adult women were examined; for most nutrients the information is limited. It was concluded that the RDA for magnesium, vitamin E and pantothenate are probably higher than necessary and that deficiency is unlikely; that zinc, copper, vitamin B, and folate are probably ‘marginal’ nutrients for ‘at risk’ groups; and that information on biotin is insufficient even roughly to assess the dietary requirement.

scholarly journals Atraumatic Restorative Treatment: A Short Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
M Vijaya Raju ◽  
Vinay Darshan ◽  
A. P. Nirmal Raj ◽  
Sanajay Kumar ◽  
S. Revathi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Status

In certain patients for whom there is increased demand for the treatment needs such as rural areas, an attempt has been made to improve the status of the oral health by use of the procedures which arrest the destructive dental caries process and alter microorganisms to favorable condition. This is called as atraumatic restorative treatment. It consists of low-cost and simplified technique using only hand instruments for the removal of the carious lesion and to arrest the progression of the caries. Since its discovery it has becoming an important treatment modality for the oral health care workers in managing dental caries. The present article reviews the importance of the atraumatic restorative treatment.  

scholarly journals Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs among Pregnant Women of Raichur District, India: A Population Based Cross-Sectional Study

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Arun Kumar Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objectives. Pregnancy can be a risk factor for dental diseases as oral tissues are liable to changes due to hormonal variations. The aim of the study was to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among pregnant women of Raichur district, Karnataka, India.Methods. Cross-sectional data was collected from 300 primigravidae from all the 5 taluks of Raichur district visiting the respective community health centre at taluk headquarters. A specially designed questionnaire was used to assess the demographic variables and oral hygiene practices. A clinical examination was done according to WHO (World Health Organization) criteria 1997 and recorded using WHO Oral Health Assessment Form.Results. The mean age of the pregnant women in the study was 21.8 (2.12) years. The prevalence of caries and periodontal diseases was 62.7% and 95%, respectively. The mean DT, MT, FT, and DMFT were 2.06 (2.5), 0.03 (0.17), 0.04 (0.27), and 2.13 (2.54), respectively. The mean OHI-S was 2.87 (1.27). Chi-square test showed that CPI scores increased with the trimester of pregnancy.Conclusion. The present study demonstrates poor oral hygiene and high prevalence of periodontal diseases, as well as a large proportion of unmet dental treatment needs among pregnant women of Raichur district, India.

scholarly journals Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Residents of Orphanages in Panchkula District, Haryana, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Mohit Bansal ◽  
K Veeresha ◽  
Navdeep Walia
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective: To assess the oral health status and treatment needs among residents of orphanages in Panchkula district. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 11 orphanages of Panchkula District in which all the 464 subjects aged 4-26 years were examined. A Modified WHO format (1997) was used to record the oral health status and demographic details. The inmates needing the treatment were treated up to the best possible extent. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in permanent dentition was found to be 22.7% while for the primary dentition was 5.73%. The mean DMFT was 1.01 whereas the mean dft was 0.28. 58.1% had healthy periodontium, 28% had CPI score 2 followed by 13.6% who had CPI score 1. 16.4% subjects had various grades of dental fluorosis. 56.7% of the subjects had never visited a dental surgeon. Conclusion: The results from this baseline study indicate that the prevalence of dental diseases is high among orphans. They have many cumulative treatment needs and very poor access to oral health care. Therefore, educational programs are to be initiated for the orphans regarding causes, prevention and treatment of dental diseases. It is crucial to generate considerable efforts to implement health promotion strategies to reverse the observed trends and to provide treatment to dental problems to prevent their biologic and psychological consequences.

scholarly journals Methylphenidate use and restorative treatment in 13,000 young adults with ADHD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haggai Schermann ◽  
Nathan Schiffmann ◽  
Ran Ankory ◽  
Amir Shlaifer ◽  
Victoria Yoffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Dose Response Effect

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has shown that children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have poor oral health compared to healthy children. Methylphenidate (MP), a widely used stimulant medication for ADHD, was believed to be involved in caries pathophysiology by causing xerostomia. However, a few prospective studies failed to confirm that MP has an independent effect on oral health.MethodsThis study is a retrospective cohort of military recruits ages 18-25 who served for 12 to 48 months between 2005 and 2017. The cohort included 6,875 subjects with ADHD who received treatment with MP (“Treated”), 6,729 subjects with ADHD who had no prescriptions for MP (“Untreated”) and 200,000 healthy controls. Exposure to MP was measured as total amount of medication in gr, prescribed during the study period. The outcome was normative treatment needs: having at least one recommendation for restorative treatment during the study period.ResultsFrequency of recommendation for restorative treatment among the treated, the untreated and the control groups was 24%, 22% and 17%, respectively (p<0.0001). On multivariate analysis, the dose-response association between MP use and the odds of having at least one restorative treatment was confirmed (OR=1.006 for each additional 1 gr of MP; 95% CI [1.004:1.009]).ConclusionsThis study represents the first ecological evidence of a dose-response effect of MP use on incidence of restorative treatment needs.Clinical significanceSubjects with ADHD who receive chronic treatment with MP have higher restorative treatment needs than subjects with untreated ADHD and healthy controls. Our results show that chronic MP medication among young adults leads to an elevated need for restorative treatment and implies a significant impact on oral health.

PERIODONTAL DISEASE STATUS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND TREATMENT NEEDS OF PREGNANT WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Thien Nguyen Duc ◽  
Tai Tran Tan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: Periodontal disease is a prominent and important issue of public health, especially in pregnant women. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics; learn knowledge, attitudes, practice oral hygiene and assess the need for treatment of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 210 pregnant women who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Clinical examination and interview questions on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral care for all subjects. Results: The incidence of gingivitis was 100%, with mild gingivitis of 4,3% and moderate gingivitis of 95.7%. There was a difference in incidence rates of gingivitis in the gestational period (p<0.001). The incidence of periodontitis is 17.6% and there is no difference in gestational age (p>0.05). The mean values of GI and BOP indices differed by gestation period (p<0.05) and PD, OHI-S, PlI have statistically significant relationship with gestation period (p>0.05). The incidence of periodontal disease is 80.5%; The percentage of pregnant women who abstain from brushing their teeth after birth is 61.4%. Prevalence of brushing once a day: 7.1%; Twice a day: 70.5% and 3 times daily: 22.4%; The mean values of GI, PD, BOP, OHI-S and PlI were inversely proportional to the number of brushing (p<0.001). The rate of dental hygiene is just 3.3%; The rate of oral hygiene, dental plaque and plaque removal was 94,3%; The proportion of subjects required for intensive treatment is 2.4%. Conclusion: Periodontal disease, especially for pregnant women, is high. It is necessary to educate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of proper oral hygiene and to better meet the demand for periodontal disease treatment for pregnant women. Key words: Periodontal disease, pregnant women, knowledge, attitude, practice for oral hygiene, treatment needs

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